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"Egyptian language Verb."
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Non-Verbal Predication in Ancient Egyptian
The Mouton Companions to Ancient Egyptian series addresses the great need of comprehensive seminal publications on Ancient Egyptian linguistics. For the very first time, language change, language contact, areal/genetic context and many other aspects of Ancient Egpytian are treated in an accessible manner which will be of interest to egyptologists and related linguistic communities (such as typology and historical linguistics).
eBook
Sinai 357: A Northwest Semitic Votive Inscription to Teššob
Although Sinai 357 is one of the longest and best-preserved early alphabetic inscriptions from Serabit el-Khadem, these characteristics have not made it any easier to interpret. Most scholars read it as a command from a mining foreman to one of his subordinates, but this reading creates logical and contextual problems. To avoid these problems, I read Sinai 357 as a votive inscription to the Hurrian deity Teššob that employs language similar to first-millennium Northwest Semitic dedicatory inscriptions. Such a reading reflects cultural and linguistic contact between speakers of Egyptian, Hurrian, and a Northwest Semitic language at the site of Serabit el-Khadem.
Journal Article
The Function of gi-Present Verbs in the Old High German and Early Middle High German Physiologus
The Physiologus is a collection of nature stories from various sources, including Aristotle, Pliny the Elder, Plutarch, Indian fables, and ancient Egyptian animal stories, which are narrated and then endowed, allegorically, with spiritual significance. The OHG Physiologus, or older Physiologus, is an eleventh-century text in the Alemannic dialect, likely produced in Hirsau. The early MHG, or younger Physiologus, consists of a prose version and a version in verse.
Journal Article
Charles S. Peirce's Egyptological Studies
The paper gives a survey and presents a critical analysis of Peirce's studies in Egyptology from 1885 to 1904, as documented mainly in MSS 1227, 1228, 1244, and 1294. It examines Peirce's studies and advances in the language and script of Pharaonic Egypt as well as his assessments of the scientific achievements of the Ancient Egyptians. Among the linguistic topics in focus are Peirce's assumptions concerning the iconicity of hieroglyphic writing, his conjectures on the origins of indexical words from nouns, and his hypotheses concerning the proximity of Ancient Egyptian to the ursprache of humans. The paper traces some of Peirce's hypotheses concerning the structure of Egyptian to his fundamental assumptions about iconicity and indexicality in language. Altogether, Peirce was not only very familiar with the state of the art of contemporary Egyptology, but he also achieved a remarkable competence of the Egyptian language and its hieroglyphic writing. While some of Peirce's insights into the language and civilization of the Ancient Egyptians are still tenable, others reflect certain misinterpretations of the scholarship of his time, which call for correction in light of the state of the art of today's Egyptology.
Journal Article
Contact as catalyst: The case for Coptic influence in the development of Arabic negation
This article discusses similar developments in the expression of negation in the histories of Egyptian-Coptic and Arabic and explores the evidence for these respective developments being related by language contact. Both Coptic and Arabic have undergone a development known as Jespersen's Cycle (JC), whereby an original negative marker is joined by some new element to form a bipartite negative construction. The original marker then becomes optional while the new element becomes the primary negator. We present the results of a corpus study of negation in late Coptic, showing that, at the time when Arabic speakers began to settle in Egypt, the bipartite negative construction still predominated. This being the case, we argue that native speakers of Coptic learning Arabic as a second language played a key role in the genesis of the Arabic bipartite negative construction. More generally, we give reasons to doubt the a priori preference for internal explanations of syntactic change over those involving contact, as well as the assumption that the two are mutually exclusive. Rather, we suggest that not only purely internal but also (partially) contactinduced change can profitably be accounted for in terms of child language acquisition leading to a change in the grammars of individual speakers.
Journal Article
Dialects of Written Arabic: Syntactic differences in the treatment of object pronouns in Egyptian and Levantine newspapers
Despite the notion that written Arabic is invariable across the Arab world, a few researchers, using large corpora to discover patterns of usage, have demonstrated regional differences in Arabic writing. While most such research has focussed upon the lexicon, this corpus-based study examines a syntactic difference between Egyptian and Levantine writing: the treatment of object pronouns. A search of an entire year of writing in regional newspapers found that Levantine writers tend to use the free object pronoun iyya-, placing the direct object after the indirect, about twice as often as Egyptian writers do, who for their part prefer to place the direct object before the indirect. A proposed reason for this is that the free object pronoun is used to mark the direct object in spoken Levantine vernaculars but not in Egyptian. This seems to indicate that local spoken vernaculars exert a fundamental influence on writing.
Journal Article
Double Attribution in a Letter from Egypt to Ugarit (RS 88.2158)
Marniptah succeeded Ramses II and reigned from 1224 to 1214 b.c.e. If our chronologies are about correct, this means that he probably wrote this letter to Ibiranu, who ruled at Ugarit from about 1230 to 1210 b.c.e., not long before the fall of Ugarit in 1 190 b.c.e. We know that Akkadian was used at this time for international correspondence. \" ' [...] I said to him\" (2, 22-37).
Journal Article
A New Link between Origen and the Gospel of Thomas: Commentary on Matthew 14,14
In this short note a previously unrecognized parallel to a Thomas saying in Origens work is presented: in a paragraph of the Commentary on Matthew 14,14 dense with biblical quotations, a remembrance of the same logion recorded in Gos. Thorn. 62,1 emerges. This piece of evidence might be included in the dossier concerning the relationship between Origen and the Gospel of Thomas, on which recent scholarship has turned its attention.
Journal Article