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"Electronic equipment"
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Modeling and control of engines and drivelines
Control systems have come to play an important role in the performance of modern vehicles with regards to meeting goals on low emissions and low fuel consumption. To achieve these goals, modeling, simulation, and analysis have become standard tools for the development of control systems in the automotive industry.
eBook
Polymer-based lightweight materials for electromagnetic interference shielding: a review
The rapid development of modern electronic technology has provided high efficiency for social production, but it also brings serious electromagnetic interference (EMI). Although traditional metals and their alloys can serve as good electromagnetic shielding materials, their heavy weight, high cost as well as poor corrosion resistance limit their application in EMI shielding. Therefore, electromagnetic shielding materials with lightweight are gradually attracting more and more attention to meet the trend of lightweight and highly integrated electronic equipment. Polymers are widely used in EMI shielding materials because of their unique characteristics, such as lightweight, high flexibility and excellent corrosion resistance. This review is focused on the well-studied polymer-based lightweight composites, with the aim of providing a comprehensive review of the existing EMI shielding mechanism, preparation and application of polymer-based lightweight composites, along with retrieving new general insights into the advantages and limitations associated with the different measurement and prediction techniques, as well as the EMI shielding effectiveness of polymer-based lightweight composites including metal-containing composites, intrinsic conductive polymers, filler-containing polymers and newly discovered materials. These lightweight materials with fine EMI shielding performance will find more and more potential applications in communications, electronics, aerospace, military, environmental protection, etc.
Journal Article
Smart buildings digitalization. Case studies on data centers and automation
\"This book explains data centres concept including data collection, public parking systems, smart metering, and sanitizer dispenser. Electric urban transport systems and effective electric distribution in smart cities are discussed as well. The extensive role of power electronics in smart building applications like Electric vehicles, Rooftop terracing, and Renewable Energy Integration is included. Case Studies on automation in smart homes, commercial, and official buildings are elaborated. Describes complete implication of smart buildings via industrial, commercial and community platforms\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
A review on metal extraction from waste printed circuit boards (wPCBs)
Electrical and electronic components, the silent orchestrators of our technological symphony, have been crucial for enabling societal advances. From the simple beginnings of vacuum tubes to the complex circuitry in today’s smartphones, the role and type of electronic components have continued to evolve. The components of electrical and electronic equipment once it has reached the end of its useful life as a product are called electronic waste (e-waste). The exponential growth of electronic devices has made e-waste management an important environmental issue. Improper disposal of e-waste to landfills has serious environmental consequences for the global ecosystem. The majority of discarded e-waste such as computers, mobile phones, televisions, printers, and so on, are embedded with printed circuit boards (PCBs), which are an essential and basic component. PCBs of e-waste contain many different metals including precious metals (Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, etc.), critical elements (Li, Ni, Ga, graphite, rare earth elements, etc.) and non-critical metals (Al and Fe) in varying percentages depending on the electronics. In the emerging era of circular economy recycling, waste printed circuit boards (wPCBs) of any e-waste are seen as an alternative to processing mining ores to meet future metals demand. Different recycling methods such as mechanical separation, pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, biohydrometallurgy, pyrolysis, electrolysis and supercritical fluid technologies have been explored to extract the valuable metals from e-waste. This article aims to provide a critical review of the different recycling routes for e-waste, with a focus on the emerging supercritical fluid technologies (SFT), and their opportunities and challenges. This review will compare the emerging SFTs for existing processes used in industry and other alternative treatment methods. The specific areas of comparison include technical complexity and environmental impacts.
Graphical abstract
Journal Article
A combinatorial improvement strategy to enhance the energy storage performances of the KNN–based ferroelectric ceramic capacitors
With the increasing demand for miniaturization and integration in electronic equipment, environmental-friendly K0.5Na0.5NbO3 (KNN) based lead–free energy storage ceramic capacitors have caused extensive concern not only for their ultrahigh power density but also for ultrafast charging/discharging rates. However, their recoverable energy storage density (Wrec) and efficiency (η) are poor due to the large energy loss (Wloss) and low breakdown electric field (Eb). In this work, a combinatorial improvement strategy is proposed to enhance the energy storage performance of KNN–based ceramics. First, the introduction of 0.05Bi(Zn0.5(Ti1–xZrx)0.5)O3 (BZTZ) solid solution in pure KNN ceramics extremely destroys the long–range polar ordering and forms the PNRs, which effectively decreases the remnant polarization (Pr) and enhances η. Second, the substitution of Zr to Ti ions reduces the migration of grain boundary and thereby inhibits grain growth. Third, the BZTZ solid solution as a high–κ insulator improves the band–gap energy (Eg) of the KNN–based ceramics. Both of them could boost Eb. Finally, the x = 0.75 ceramic with an excellent Wrec (3.70 J cm–3) and η (75.3%) at a particularly large Eb (340 kV cm–1) was successfully obtained. The combinatorial improvement strategy in this work provides a novel way to enhance the energy storage performance of the lead–free dielectric capacitors.
Journal Article
Modern small antennas
\"If you are involved in designing and developing small antennas, this complete, cutting-edge guide covers everything you need to know. From fundamentals and basic theory to design optimization, evaluation, measurements and simulation techniques, all the essential information is included. You will also get many practical examples from a range of wireless systems, whilst a glossary is provided to bring you up to speed on the latest terminology. A wide variety of small antennas is covered, and design and practice steps are described for each type: electrically small, functionally small, physically constrained small and physically small. Whether you are a professional in industry, a researcher, or a graduate student, this is your essential guide to small antennas\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Understanding Consumer E-Waste Recycling Behavior: Introducing a New Economic Incentive to Increase the Collection Rates
Consumer electronics are made of a wide range of materials, including precious metals and critical minerals with limited global reserves. Ensuring the recycling of these materials is essential for future use, especially since many renewable energy solutions are based on them. In addition, improper end-of-life treatments of these products cause harm to the environment and human health. This study explores the incentives that have been used to increase consumer collection rates for end-of-life electrical and electronic equipment (EoL EEE). Based on extensive global literature reviews, we propose an alternative to existing consumer incentives. The research suggests that implementing an economic incentive based on the electronic bonus card system (EBCS) has several benefits compared to existing incentives. It compensates the consumers for the transaction costs of proper collection and satisfies the consumer perception of EoL EEE as having a residual value. However, application of the EBCS motivation technology will require the cooperation of various stakeholders, including electronics producers and national and international authorities.
Journal Article