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"Engineering Biology"
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Engineering biology: a key driver of the bio‐economy
This study provides a relatively brief overview of the field of synthetic biology/engineering biology for the non‐specialist reader. This is in line with one of the basic aims of the new journal Engineering Biology – which is to open up the field to a much wider audience than those currently engaged and, particularly, to people working in companies and disciplines whose technology may be relevant to the field. Consequently, the study contains some didactic material.
Journal Article
Biology; A New Main Element in Chemical Engineering Transition from “Chemical” to “Chemical and Biological” Engineering Part 1: Necessity, Curriculum's and Research Areas
Development of biology has created new fields, such as Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering. The advances in the mentioned fields, which are all interdisciplinary, depend on the activities of chemical engineers who are familiar with science biology. The necessity of chemical engineer`s activities in relevant areas with biology and inevitable use of biological means in confrontation of chemical engineering with environmental, economical and industrial challenges, proved that in the current century the sole familiarity with chemistry is not responsive to the needs of chemical engineering. However, the science of biology must be also considered as an important element of the modern chemical engineering along with the chemistry. In contrast to the developed countries, which have applied this important item in their educational systems, and even changed the title of this field to \"chemical and biological engineering\", Iranian chemical engineering has not profited biology in confrontation with new challenges; except a few who have educated in this area at graduate levels. This research is conducted with the aim of awareness regarding the necessity of transition from \"chemical engineering\" to \"chemical and biological engineering\" where the graduates are chemical engineers being familiar with biology. In this regard, the general educational program of \"chemical and biological engineering\" field has been reviewed and it has been recommended to update the curriculum of chemical engineering, or to establish such fields, in order to provide the requirements for the new engineering areas and also more efficient confrontation with new challenges.
Journal Article
Fast biofoundries: coping with the challenges of biomanufacturing
Biofoundries are highly automated facilities that enable the rapid and efficient design, build, test, and learn cycle of biomanufacturing and engineering biology, which is applicable to both research and industrial production. However, developing a biofoundry platform can be expensive and time consuming. A biofoundry should grow organically, starting from a basic platform but with a vision for automation, equipment interoperability, and efficiency. By thinking about strategies early in the process through process planning, simulation, and optimization, bottlenecks can be identified and resolved. Here, we provide a survey of technological solutions in biofoundries and their advantages and limitations. We explore possible pathways towards the creation of a functional, early-phase biofoundry, and strategies towards long-term sustainability.
Laboratory automation is playing a crucial role in the development of synthetic biology methodologies, allowing fast and inexpensive engineering of genetic circuits for a wide range of biotechnological applications.Synthetic biology laboratories are in the midst of a paradigm shift, catalyzed by biofoundries and their new approach to engineering biology.The innovative, resource-intensive and risky nature of biofoundries demand informed decisions before committing to building a new facility.
Journal Article
The mutant project : inside the global race to genetically modify humans
As scientists elsewhere start to catch up with China's vast genetic research programme, gene editing is fuelling an innovation economy that threatens to widen racial and economic inequality. Fundamental questions about science, health and social justice are at stake. Who gets access to gene-editing technologies? As countries loosen regulations around the globe, can we shape research agendas to promote an ethical and fair society? Professor Eben Kirksey takes us on a groundbreaking journey to meet the key scientists, lobbyists and entrepreneurs who are bringing cutting-edge genetic modification tools like CRISPR to your local clinic.
Book
Synthetic Biology Goes Cell-Free
Cell-free systems (CFS) have recently evolved into key platforms for synthetic biology applications. Many synthetic biology tools have traditionally relied on cell-based systems, and while their adoption has shown great progress, the constraints inherent to the use of cellular hosts have limited their reach and scope. Cell-free systems, which can be thought of as programmable liquids, have removed many of these complexities and have brought about exciting opportunities for rational design and manipulation of biological systems. Here we review how these simple and accessible enzymatic systems are poised to accelerate the rate of advancement in synthetic biology and, more broadly, biotechnology.
Journal Article
Replaceable you : adventures in human anatomy
\"The body is the most complex machine in the world, and the only one for which you cannot get a replacement part from the manufacturer. For centuries, medicine has reached for what's available--sculpting noses from brass, borrowing skin from frogs and hearts from pigs, crafting eye parts from jet canopies and breasts from petroleum by-products. Today we're attempting to grow body parts from scratch using stem cells and 3D printers. How are we doing? Are we there yet? In Replaceable You, Mary Roach explores the remarkable advances and difficult questions prompted by the human body's failings. When and how does a person decide they'd be better off with a prosthetic than their existing limb? Can a donated heart be made to beat forever? Can an intestine provide a workable substitute for a vagina? Roach dives in with her characteristic verve and infectious wit. Her travels take her to the OR at a legendary burn unit in Boston, a \"superclean\" xeno-pigsty in China, and a stem cell \"hair nursery\" in the San Diego tech hub. She talks with researchers and surgeons, amputees and ostomates, printers of kidneys and designers of wearable organs. She spends time in a working iron lung from the 1950s, stays up all night with recovery techs as they disassemble and reassemble a tissue donor, and travels across Mongolia with the cataract surgeons of Orbis International. Irrepressible and accessible, Replaceable You immerses readers in the wondrous, improbable, and surreal quest to build a new you\"-- Dust jacket flap.
BOOK
An updated overview on the regulatory circuits of polyhydroxyalkanoates synthesis
Summary Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are a promising and sustainable alternative to the petroleum‐based synthetic plastics. Regulation of PHA synthesis is receiving considerable importance as engineering the regulatory factors might help developing strains with improved PHA‐producing abilities. PHA synthesis is dedicatedly regulated by a number of regulatory networks. They tightly control the PHA content, granule size and their distribution in cells. Most PHA‐accumulating microorganisms have multiple regulatory networks that impart a combined effect on PHA metabolism. Among them, several factors ranging from global to specific regulators, have been identified and characterized till now. This review is an attempt to categorically summarize the diverse regulatory circuits that operate in some important PHA‐producing microorganisms. However, in several organisms, the detailed mechanisms involved in the regulation of PHA synthesis is not well‐explored and hence further research is needed. The information presented in this review might help researcher to identify the prevailing research gaps in PHA regulation. Regulation of PHA synthesis is very diverse, comprising of several regulatory factors. Most PHA‐accumulating microorganisms possess multiple regulatory networks that operate in an integrated manner to regulate PHA synthesis. This review provides an overview on how the PHA synthesis is regulated using some most characterized microbial strains as model organism.
Journal Article