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Understanding pragmatic markers
The multifunctionality of pragmatic markers makes it difficult to describe their meaning and functional potential. By taking a broad perspective on markers, classifying them, describing their class-specific properties and analysing individual markers, Karin Aijmer assesses whether generalisations can be made about the prosody of the markers.
eBook
Speech and Thought Representation in English
This book aims to provide a new, linguistically grounded typology of speech and thought representation in English on the basis of the systematic study of deictic, syntactic and semantic properties of authentic examples drawn from literary as well as non-literary sources.
In the area beyond direct and indirect speech or thought, 'free indirect discourse' has often been implicitly treated as a residual category that can accommodate anything that is neither one nor the other. This book takes a fresh look at the evidence in the area of deixis, particularly through a close study of pronoun and proper name use, and proposes to distinguish the more character-oriented free indirect type from a narrator-oriented 'distancing' indirect type, which is grammatically wholly structured from the narrator's deictic standpoint. Unlike free indirect representations, which coherently represent the character's viewpoint, the distancing indirect type sees narrators appropriating character discourse for their own purposes, which may for instance be ironic. The distinctions thus drawn shed new light on the much debated 'dual voice' approach to free indirect discourse.
Included in the scope of this book are subjectified uses of clauses such as I think, which no longer primarily construe a cognition process, but rather come to function as hedges. Such speaker-encoding uses are argued to involve an interpersonal type of structure, not based on complementation, whereas the non-subjectified cases receive an interclausal complementation analysis which does not have recourse to the problematic notion of 'reporting verb'.
This monograph is mainly of interest to researchers and graduate students interested in the syntax, semantics, and pragmatics of reported speech viewed from a constructional perspective.
eBook
Irish English Volume 2: The Republic of Ireland
This volume continues the Dialects of English series, and complements Irish English volume 1: Northern Ireland, by Karen Corrigan. Focusing on Irish English in the Republic of Ireland, the book starts by exploring the often oppositional roles of national language development and globalisation in shaping Irish English from the earliest known times to the present. Three chapters on the lexicon and discourse, syntax, and phonology focus on traditional dialect but also refer to colloquial and vernacular Irish English, the use of dialect in literature, and the modern \"standard\" language, especially as found in the International Corpus of English (ICE-Ireland). A separate chapter examines the internal history of Irish English, from Irish Middle English to contemporary change in progress. The book includes an extended bibliographical essay and a set of sample literary texts and texts from ICE-Ireland. Continuing themes include the impact on Irish English of contact with the Irish language, the position of Irish English in world Englishes, and features which help to distinguish between Irish English in the Republic and in Northern Ireland.
eBook
Corpus linguistics and sociolinguistics : a study of variation and change in the modal systems of world Englishes
\"In Corpus Linguistics and Sociolinguistics, Beke Hansen analyses variation and change in the modal systems of second-language varieties of English by taking a sociolinguistic approach to corpus data. Her study focuses on the modal and semi-modal verbs of strong obligation and necessity in the South- and Southeast Asian varieties Indian English, Hong Kong English, and Singapore English based on the relevant ICE component corpora. She adopts a typologically-informed perspective on variation in World Englishes by comparing the structures of the speakers' first languages with the structures of the emergent varieties in the expression of epistemic modality. Beyond this, she analyses language change by constructing apparent-time scenarios to compensate for the lack of diachronic corpora in World Englishes\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Doing Action Research in English Language Teaching
This hands-on, practical guide for ESL/EFL teachers and teacher educators outlines, for those who are new to doing action research, what it is and how it works. Straightforward and reader friendly, it introduces the concepts and offers a step-by-step guide to going through an action research process, including illustrations drawn widely from international contexts. Specifically, the text addresses:
action research and how it differs from other forms of research
the steps involved in developing an action research project
ways of developing a research focus
methods of data collection
approaches to data analysis
making sense of action research for further classroom action.
Each chapter includes a variety of pedagogical activities:
Pre-Reading questions ask readers to consider what they already know about the topic
Reflection Points invite readers to think about/discuss what they have read
action points ask readers to carry out action-research tasks based on what they have read
Classroom Voices illustrate aspects of action research from teachers internationally
Summary Points provide a synopsis of the main points in the chapter
Bringing the 'how-to' and the 'what' together, Doing Action Research in English Language Teaching is the perfect text for BATESOL and MATESOL courses in which action research is the focus or a required component.
\"I wholeheartedly recommend this book to all teachers who want to know about action research, and would like to undertake projects in their own context– and to those who seek to join and perhaps assist them on their way.\"-- Modern English Teaching
\"A superb hands-on practical guide to techniques that help teachers make the most of their lessons.\"-- EL-Gazette
\"… Original in approach, engaging in style and persuasive in terms of its content and structure.\" -- Keith Richards, University of Warwick, UK
Anne Burns is Professor in the Department of Linguistics, Macquarie University, Australia, and former Dean of the Division of Linguistics and Psychology.
Preface
Acknowledgements
Chapter 1: What is action research?
Chapter 2: Plan – planning the action
Chapter 3: Act – putting the plan into action
Chapter 4: Observe – observing the results of the plan
Chapter 5: Reflect – reflecting and planning for further action
Postscript
Further reading and resources
eBook
Morphosyntactic Persistence in Spoken English
Language users are creatures of habit with a tendency to re-use morphosyntactic material that they have produced or heard before. In other words, linguistic patterns and tokens, once used, persist in discourse. The present book is the first large-scale corpus analysis to explore the determinants of this persistence, drawing on regression analyses of a variety of functional, discourse-functional, cognitive, psycholinguistic, and external factors. The case studies investigated include the alternation between synthetic and analytic comparatives, between the s-genitive and the of-genitive, between gerundial and infinitival complementation, particle placement, and future marker choice in a number of corpora sampling different spoken registers and geographical varieties of English.
Providing a probabilistic framework for examining the ways in which persistence - among several other internal and external factors - influences speakers' linguistic choices, the book departs from most writings in the field in that it seeks to bridge several research traditions. While it is concerned, in a classically variationist spirit, with internal and external determinants of grammatical variation in English, it also draws heavily on ideas and evidence developed by psycholinguists and discourse analysts. In seeking to construct a comprehensive model of how speakers make linguistic choices, the study ultimately contributes to a theory of how spoken language works.
The book is of interest to graduate students and researchers in variationist sociolinguistics, probabilistic linguistics, psycholinguistics, and computational linguistics.
eBook