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Elise Reimarus’s crucial contribution to the Pantheismusstreit: Bridging divides in Enlightenment philosophy
Dieser Artikel stellt drei miteinander verknüpfte Thesen zu Elise Reimarus’ Rolle in den frühen Phasen des Pantheismusstreits auf: (I) dass ihr Engagement für die Förderung des Dialogs zwischen gegensätzlichen philosophischen Perspektiven maßgeblich dazu beitrug, die Kluft zwischen Friedrich Jacobi und Moses Mendelssohn zu überwinden; (II) dass ihr dialogischer Ansatz in der Philosophie einen eigenständigen Beitrag zum Pantheismusstreit darstellt, der sich von den Positionen sowohl Jacobis als auch Mendelssohns unterscheidet; (III) dass Jacobi Reimarus’ Erkenntnisse zur Verbreitung seiner eigenen Ansichten über Philosophie und Spinozismus vereinnahmte. Zur Begründung dieser Thesen ist der Artikel wie folgt gegliedert: In der Einleitung werden der aktuelle Forschungsstand zu Reimarus und ihrer Bedeutung für den Pantheismusstreit dargestellt (1); es folgen eine Analyse von Jacobis Konzeption des Spinozismus und dessen philosophischen Implikationen (2); eine Untersuchung der vermittelnden Bemühungen von Reimarus und ihrer eigenständigen philosophischen Grundlagen (3); sowie eine abschließende Diskussion, die die breitere Bedeutung von Reimarus’ Beiträgen zu dieser Debatte bewertet (4). Schlüsselwörter: Elise Reimarus, Friedrich Jacobi, Moses Mendelssohn, Spinozismus, Pantheismusstreit
Journal Article
Max Horkheimer/Theodor W. Adorno
In this series the most important works in the history of philosophy are discussed with cooperative commentary from internationally renowned philosophers. Each volume contains 12 to 15 essays, and follows the organizational structure of the discussed philosophical work. Essential reading for students and academics alike, the series elucidates the major themes in philosophy without the need for time-consuming consultation of secondary literature.
eBook
Religion and Enlightenment in Catherinian Russia
This valuable study explores the Russian Enlightenment with reference to the religious Enlightenment of the mid to late eighteenth century. Grounded in close reading of the sermons and devotional writings of Platon (Levshin), Court preacher and Metropolitan of Moscow, the book examines the blending of European ideas into the teachings of Russian Orthodoxy. Highlighting the interplay between Enlightenment thought and Orthodox enlightenment, Elise Wirtschafter addresses key questions of concern to religious Enlighteners across Europe: humanity's relationship to God and creation, the distinction between learning and enlightenment, the role of Christian love in authority relationships, the meaning of free will in a universe governed by Divine Providence, and the unity of church, monarchy, and civil society. Countering scholarship that depicts an Orthodox religious culture under assault from European modernity and Petrine absolutism, Wirtschafter emphasizes the ability of Russia's educated churchmen to assimilate and transform Enlightenment ideas. The intellectual and spiritual vitality of eighteenth-century Orthodoxy helps to explain how Russian policymakers and intellectuals met the challenge of European power while simultaneously coming to terms with the broad cultural appeal of the Enlightenment's universalistic human rights agenda.
Religion and Enlightenment in Catherinian Russia defines the Russian Enlightenment as a response to the allure of European modernity, as an instrument of social control, and as the moral voice of an emergent independent society. Because Russia's enlightened intellectuals focused on the moral perfectibility of the individual human being, rather than social and political change, the originality of the Russian Enlightenment has gone unrecognized. This study corrects images of a superficial Enlightenment and crisis-ridden religious culture, arguing that in order to understand the humanistic sensibility and emphasis on individual dignity that permeate Russian intellectual history, and the history of the educated classes more broadly, it is necessary to bring Orthodox teachings into the discussion of Enlightenment thought. The result is a book that explains the distinctive origins of modern Russian culture while also allowing scholars to situate the Russian Enlightenment in European and global history.
eBook
Historical dictionary of the Enlightenment
\"Historical Dictionary of the Enlightenment, Second Edition contains a chronology, an introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has more than 300 cross-referenced entries. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about the Enlightenment\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Historicizing the Enlightenment, Volume 2
Enlightenment critics from Dryden through Johnson and Wordsworth conceived the modern view that art and especially literature entails a double reflection: a reflection of the world, and a reflection on the process by which that reflection is accomplished. Instead \"neoclassicism\" and \"Augustanism\" have been falsely construed as involving a one-dimensional imitation of classical texts and an unselfconscious representation of the world. In fact these Enlightenment movements adopted an oblique perspective that registers the distance between past tradition and its present reenactment, between representation and presence. Two modern movements, Romanticism and modernism, have appropriated as their own these innovations, which derive from Enlightenment thought. Both of these movements ground their error in a misreading of \"imitation\" as understood by Aristotle and his Enlightenment proponents. Rightly understood, neoclassical imitation, constitutively aware of the difference between what it knows and how it knows it, is an experimental inquiry that generates a range of prefixes—\"counter-,\" \"mock-,\" \"anti-,\" \"neo-\"—that mark formal degrees of its epistemological detachment. Romantic ideology has denied the role of the imagination in Enlightenment imitation, imposing on the eighteenth century a dichotomous periodization: duplication versus imagination, the mirror versus the lamp. Structuralist ideology has dichotomized narration and description, form and content, structure and history. Poststructuralist ideology has propounded for the novel a contradictory \"novel tradition\"—realism, modernism, postmodernism, postcolonialism—whose stages both constitute a sequence and collapse it, each stage claiming the innovation of the stage that precedes it.
Published by Bucknell University Press. Distributed worldwide by Rutgers University Press.
eBook
The German Enlightenment and the Rise of Historicism
The German Enlightenment and the Rise of Historicism traces the thought of a large and neglected group of German thinkers and their encounter with the ideas and ideal of the Enlightenment from 1740 to 1790. Concentrating on the nature of their historical consciousness, Peter Hanns Reill addresses two basic issues in the interpretation of the Enlightenment: to what degree can one speak of the unity of the Enlightenment and to what extent can the Enlightenment be characterized as \"modern\"? Reill attempts to revise the traditional interpretation of the Enlightenment as an age insensitive to the postulates of modern historical thought and to dissolve the alleged opposition of the Enlightenment to later intellectual developments such as Idealism. He argues that German Enlightened thinkers generated the general presuppositions upon which modern historical thought is founded. Asserting that the Enlightenment was not a unitary movement, Reill shows how each phase of it had unique elements and made contributions to Enlightenment thought as a whole. Exploring the forms of thought, the mental climate, and the different intellectual milieus in which the German thinkers operated, Reill demonstrates that they were confronted by two opposing intellectual traditions: German Pietism and rationalism. In attempting to reconcile both without submerging one into the other, these Enlightenment thinkers turned to historical speculation and learning. They discussed the relation between religious and rationalistic assumptions, the transformation of the concepts of religion and law, the interaction between aesthetic and historical thought, the creation of a theory of understanding to support the new idea of history, the use of causation in historical analysis, and the rediscovery of the Middle Ages. Reill reveals how they anticipated the work of more famous thinkers
of the nineteenth century and establishes the conceptual similarities between thinkers generally thought to be more different than alike. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1975.
eBook