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Developmental relationships offer rich opportunities for personal growth, which enables people to operate effectively in complex work environments. Although it is now widely recognized that proteges typically have more than one developmental relationship simultaneously, few researchers have considered the ways in which developmental networks--comprising a prater's multiple developers--foster growth. We therefore know little about how proteges grow through their engagement in several concurrent relationships. In this paper, we suggest that understanding growth in the context of developmental networks requires viewing such networks as intertwined assemblages of dyadic relationships. Adopting this perspective, we theorize one way in which the interactions that proteges have across their various relationships may--cumulatively--catalyze growth. In our theorizing, we focus on a specific type of situation: instances when developers offer divergent advice about work-related issues. Our model traces how proteges cope with divergent advice through either an engaged grappling process or an avoidant retreating process. We theorize that whereas grappling activities yield high levels of growth, retreating activities produce no growth. However, we also suggest that proteges may oscillate back and forth between the grappling and retreating processes over time, thereby resulting in varying rather than binary growth outcomes. Our paper contributes to scholarship on developmental relationships and networks while also laying the groundwork for future empirical research.

This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1986.

In 2005, Chinese President Hu Jintao instituted a \"Harmonious Society\" policy marking a new China's approach toward development. This generated intense excitement among observers of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) who perceive an overlap in objectives between CSR and Harmonious Society and believe that Harmonious Society will lead to increased CSR engagement in China. However, there is little exploration of how Harmonious Society will contribute to increasing CSR engagement. This article seeks to explore whether Harmonious Society will meet this promise. It does so by drawing up a list of actions that if taken by the government would increase the level of CSR in China and make Harmonious Society a relevant factor in the development of Chinese CSR. To do so, my article studies comparative literature on CSR development to develop a framework that divides causes of CSR in a country into environmental constraints and discretionary responses. Understanding what drives the development of CSR allows us to understand what measures the Chinese government can take to influence the level of CSR. Using this framework, my article suggests that Harmonious Society is unlikely to promote CSR in China's growing private sector because policy measures that affect the \"constraints\" driving CSR are bounded by other political considerations.

Balancing macroeconomic growth with regional equilibrium development is essential for China’s pursuit of the modernization through regional coordinated development. Taking a macroeconomic output perspective and employing a counterfactual framework, this paper evaluates the economic growth effects of China’s “place-based” and “people-based” regional policies, and explores the future implementation effects and optimal combinations of these policies under different market environments. Given that “people-based” policy cannot address market failures in spatial dimensions, the essence of the academic debate over regional policy paths lies in different understandings of the relationship between government and markets.

Agriculture is the largest sector in most sub-Saharan economies in terms of employment, and it plays an important role in supplying food and export earnings. Rural poverty rates remain high, and labor productivity is strikingly low. This article asks how these factors shape the role of agriculture in African development strategies. Is agricultural growth a prerequisite for growth in other sectors? Or will urbanization and nonagricultural export markets ultimately be the forces that pull the rural economy into higher productivity? We argue that agricultural development strategies will vary widely because of heterogeneity across and within countries.

\"This volume seeks to answer modern questions and concerns regarding peasants, their production techniques, and their links to wider society. In the past, peasants and their seemingly simple production models have been criticized for being unable to fully meet the needs of modern society, especially when it comes to world hunger, food quality, and sustainability. However, often neglected is the myriad of new initiatives that alter the way food is produced and marketed. New 'peasant markets' are created everywhere and new products and services abound. This volume argues that these initiatives represent \"seeds of transition\"; they are the \"sprouts\" out of which new socio-technical modes for organizing production and marketing emerge - \"sprouts\" that, taken together, can be summarized as \"rural development\". This book critically discusses these new practices and the actors engaged in them. In doing so, it deals with several countries in three different continents (Asia, South America and Europe). It proposes new concepts and approaches for a better understanding of the re-emergence of peasants as indispensable part of modern societies.\"

This paper provides a critical analysis of the emergence of an approach within the practice of international development that adopts a 'value chain' discourse, and traces the conceptual underpinnings of this discourse and practice through its translation from scholarly literature. This practical application of value chain theory has involved the selective application and interpretation, by development practitioners, of key scholarly ideas on global commodity chains, development strategies and industrialization. The specific application of value chains in Indonesian development practice, however, is silent on other aspects of the global value chain framework, such as the role of the state in mediating development strategies, power asymmetries within chains, and world-historical circumstances that shape upgrading possibilities. Despite foundational roots in critical analyses of global capitalism, recent 'value chains for development' applications appear to be perpetuating a neoliberal development agenda, which is facilitating the enhanced penetration of multinational capital into the economy and lives of the rural and urban poor.

The article provides a critical analysis of the Development Strategy for the Production of Organic Products in the Russian Federation until 2030, and examines the problems and prospects for expanding the domestic market and export of organic products. It is shown that the potential for growth in organic production in the Russian Federation, outlined in the Strategy, exists, but its implementation requires an intensification of policies to support the sector (including subsidies and government procurement of organic products).

The present research aims to analyze two archetypal 20th century development strategy cases: Brazil's and South Korea's. During the last century, both countries had been experiencing catching up processes, but by the 1980's Brazil started to lag behind while South Korea began to technologically and productively forge ahead. In light of this, this paper sustains that industrial policy choices and distinct institutional arrangements, set during the initial years of each country's late industrialization process, were responsible for defining their different long term economic trajectories. A dialogue with Amsden's work (2001) is proposed, through which we discuss her industrial policy bifurcation hypothesis regarding the so-termed countries of the \"rest\" in the 1980's. By electing two emblematic members of such group, we seek to show how industrial policy choices made in the past still condition the two countries' economic trajectories, especially so with regards to the degree with which knowledge intensive assets have been accumulated.