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"Environmental disasters"
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Environment Disaster Linkages
This is one of the first books to focus on explicit linkages between the changing environment and disasters and suggests proactive approaches towards disaster management. A ready-reference for field practitioners it covers areas such as elements of environmental entry, impacts of environment and disaster, strategies, planning and the way forward.
eBook
Risky Cities
Over half the world’s population lives in urban regions, and increasingly disasters are of great concern to city dwellers, policymakers, and builders. However, disaster risk is also of great interest to corporations, financiers, and investors. Risky Cities is a critical examination of global urban development, capitalism, and its relationship with environmental hazards. It is about how cities live and profit from the threat of sinkholes, garbage, and fire. Risky Cities is not simply about post-catastrophe profiteering. This book focuses on the way in which disaster capitalism has figured out ways to commodify environmental bads and manage risks. Notably, capitalist city-building results in the physical transformation of nature. This necessitates risk management strategies –such as insurance, environmental assessments, and technocratic mitigation plans. As such capitalists redistribute risk relying on short-term fixes to disaster risk rather than address long-term vulnerabilities.
eBook
Eruptions and explosions : true stories : real tales of violent outbursts
Eruptions and Explosions: Real Tales of Violent Outbursts recounts the history of five blowups that continued to rattle the world long after the smoke had cleared and embers cooled. From a mountaintop in Indonesia to an oil well in the Gulf of Mexico, the explosions explored here caused widespread peril and destruction. The Mystery & Mayhem series delves into fascinating tidbits of history to provide kids with a jumping-off point into a lifelong habit of appreciating history.
Book
Climate Change, Environmental Disasters, and Health Inequities: The Underlying Role of Structural Inequalities
Purpose of Review
We review and analyze recent literature in public health, urban planning, and disaster management to better understand the relationships between climate change, natural disasters, and root causes of health disparities in the USA.
Recent Findings
Existing scholarship establishes clear linkages between climate change and increasing occurrences and severity of natural disasters across the USA. The frequency and types of disasters vary by region and impact both short and long-term health outcomes. Current research highlights health inequities affecting lower income and minoritized communities disproportionately, but data-driven studies critically examining the role of structural inequalities in climate-induced health disparities are sparse.
Summary
Adding to the body of knowledge, our conceptual framework maps how long-standing structural inequalities in policy, practice, and funding shape vulnerability of lower-income, racially and ethnically marginalized individuals. Vulnerability follows three common pathways: disparities in “exposure”, “sensitivity”, and “resiliency” before, during, and after a climate disaster. We recommend that future research, policy, and practice shift towards solutions that unearth and address the structural biases that cause environmental disaster and health inequities.
Journal Article
The Changing Climate and Pregnancy Health
Purpose of Review
Climate change is the biggest public health threat of the twenty-first century but its impact on the perinatal period has only recently received attention. This review summarizes recent literature regarding the impacts of climate change and related environmental disasters on pregnancy health and provides recommendations to inform future adaptation and mitigation efforts.
Recent Findings
Accumulating evidence suggests that the changing climate affects pregnancy health directly via discrete environmental disasters (i.e., wildfire, extreme heat, hurricane, flood, and drought), and indirectly through changes in the natural and social environment. Although studies vary greatly in design, analytic methods, and assessment strategies, they generally converge to suggest that climate-related disasters are associated with increased risk of gestational complication, pregnancy loss, restricted fetal growth, low birthweight, preterm birth, and selected delivery/newborn complications. Window(s) of exposure with the highest sensitivity are not clear, but both acute and chronic exposures appear important. Furthermore, socioeconomically disadvantaged populations may be more vulnerable.
Summary
Policy, clinical, and research strategies for adaptation and mitigation should be continued, strengthened, and expanded with cross-disciplinary efforts. Top priorities should include (a) reinforcing and expanding policies to further reduce emission, (b) increasing awareness and education resources for healthcare providers and the public, (c) facilitating access to quality population-based data in low-resource areas, and (d) research efforts to better understand mechanisms of effects, identify susceptible populations and windows of exposure, explore interactive impacts of multiple exposures, and develop novel methods to better quantify pregnancy health impacts.
Journal Article
A Review of the Literature on Community Resilience and Disaster Recovery
Purpose of Review
The concept of resilience continues to grow in influence and prominence in national and international programs seeking to improve individual and collective capacity to prepare for and respond to disasters. This review of the literature published in 2018 examines how disaster scholars and professionals are conceptualizing and applying the concept of community disaster resilience.
Recent Findings
Three trends in the literature on community disaster resilience are observed: (1) advancements in the measurement of resilience continue to refine the concept and its related mechanisms using both primary and secondary data, (2) social capital continues to be a central mechanism through which community resilience reduces disaster impact and enhances recovery, and (3) programs across the globe are advancing the practice of improving resilience through community interventions to enhancing adaptive capacities.
Summary
Community disaster resilience offers much promise as a guiding paradigm for the promotion of disaster risk reduction and the enabling of disaster recovery through attention to, and investment in, local capacities for adaptation to a changing and uncertain environment. However, there remains work to be done in the clarification of the concept and the operationalization of the mechanisms leading to enhancing community capacity for resilience.
Journal Article