Explore the vast range of titles available.

This book presents for the first time a history of Eretria during the Archaic Era, the city's most notable period of political importance and Keith Walker examines all the major elements of the city's success. One of the key factors explored is Eretria's role as a pioneer coloniser in both the Levant and the West - its early Aegaen 'island empire' anticipates that of Athens by more than a century, and Eretrian shipping and trade was similarly widespread. Eretria's major, indeed dominant, role in the events of central Greece in the last half of the sixth century, and in the events of the Ionian Revolt to 490 is clearly demonstrated, and the tyranny of Diagoras (c.538-509), perhaps the golden age of the city, is fully examined. Full documentation of literary, epigraphic and archaeological sources (most of which has previously been inaccessible to an English speaking-audience) is provided, creating a fascinating history and valuable resource for the Greek historian.

Lord Byron described Greece as great, fallen, and immortal, a characterization more apt than he knew. Through most of its long history, Greece was poor. But in the classical era, Greece was densely populated and highly urbanized. Many surprisingly healthy Greeks lived in remarkably big houses and worked for high wages at specialized occupations. Middle-class spending drove sustained economic growth and classical wealth produced a stunning cultural efflorescence lasting hundreds of years. Why did Greece reach such heights in the classical period-and why only then? And how, after \"the Greek miracle\" had endured for centuries, did the Macedonians defeat the Greeks, seemingly bringing an end to their glory? Drawing on a massive body of newly available data and employing novel approaches to evidence, Josiah Ober offers a major new history of classical Greece and an unprecedented account of its rise and fall. Ober argues that Greece's rise was no miracle but rather the result of political breakthroughs and economic development. The extraordinary emergence of citizen-centered city-states transformed Greece into a society that defeated the mighty Persian Empire. Yet Philip and Alexander of Macedon were able to beat the Greeks in the Battle of Chaeronea in 338 BCE, a victory made possible by the Macedonians' appropriation of Greek innovations. After Alexander's death, battle-hardened warlords fought ruthlessly over the remnants of his empire. But Greek cities remained populous and wealthy, their economy and culture surviving to be passed on to the Romans-and to us. A compelling narrative filled with uncanny modern parallels, this is a book for anyone interested in how great civilizations are born and die. This book is based on evidence available on a new interactive website. To learn more, please visit: http://polis.stanford.edu/.

In small and rural communities, the installation cost of conventional gravity-flow collection systems is often very expensive due to the presence of rocky terrain, high water table, unstable soils, extremely flat terrain, which may impose substantial difficulties in construction. Pressure, vacuum and septic tank effluent gravity collection systems are among the alternatives sewers used most commonly. As these systems are designed to be watertight, design allowances for infiltration and inflow are not required. Moreover, exfiltration does not occur in these systems, thus eliminating the risk for soil or underground water contamination. The installation cost of the alternative wastewater collection systems is often significantly lower by as much as 20–50%, compared to conventional gravity-flow collection systems. In general, alternative collection systems are suitable for communities of 10,000 people or less. In this paper, alternative wastewater collection systems are described and their benefits, costs and drawbacks are compared to conventional gravity-flow collection systems. Eretria, a relatively flat littoral town in Greece, with many shallow archaeological ruins has been selected to illustrate the optimal selection of a sewer system. Using multi-criteria analysis, the vacuum sewer system has been selected as being the most advantageous, both in terms of financial and technical considerations.

Death to Tyrants! is the first comprehensive study of ancient Greek tyrant-killing legislation--laws that explicitly gave individuals incentives to \"kill a tyrant.\" David Teegarden demonstrates that the ancient Greeks promulgated these laws to harness the dynamics of mass uprisings and preserve popular democratic rule in the face of anti-democratic threats. He presents detailed historical and sociopolitical analyses of each law and considers a variety of issues: What is the nature of an anti-democratic threat? How would various provisions of the laws help pro-democrats counter those threats? And did the laws work? Teegarden argues that tyrant-killing legislation facilitated pro-democracy mobilization both by encouraging brave individuals to strike the first blow against a nondemocratic regime and by convincing others that it was safe to follow the tyrant killer's lead. Such legislation thus deterred anti-democrats from staging a coup by ensuring that they would be overwhelmed by their numerically superior opponents. Drawing on modern social science models, Teegarden looks at how the institution of public law affects the behavior of individuals and groups, thereby exploring the foundation of democracy's persistence in the ancient Greek world. He also provides the first English translation of the tyrant-killing laws from Eretria and Ilion. By analyzing crucial ancient Greek tyrant-killing legislation, Death to Tyrants! explains how certain laws enabled citizens to draw on collective strength in order to defend and preserve their democracy in the face of motivated opposition.

Publication de trois fragments d'une statue monumentale en marbre mis au jour dans les fouilles de l'École suisse d'archéologie en Grèce dans le Gymnase d'Érétrie sur l'île d'Eubée en Grèce. Les deux bras conservés sont associés à titre d'hypothèse à une statue équestre du général romain Lucius Mummius Achaicus élevée par les Érétriens au milieu du 2ème siècle av. J.-C. en remerciements de ces bienfaits, possiblement dans un petit édicule à l'extrémité orientale du stade.

L’examen des données épigraphiques, archéologiques et littéraires montre des similitudes entre Délos, l’Eubée et Thessalonique en ce qui concerne les cultes isiaques, dans le rituel et le profil social des dévots. Ces similitudes s’expliquent par la migration d’Italiens, par exemple les Salarii, surtout dans la seconde moitié du ier siècle a. C., suite aux guerres mithridatiques et au déclin de Délos. Le rapport entre “trafiquants italiens” et cultes isiaques permet de s’interroger sur les contextes institutionnels et sociaux, mais aussi sur la nature même du changement religieux. The examination of the epigraphic, archeological and literary data shows similarities as regards Isiac cults between Delos, Euboea and Thessalonica, in the ritual and social profile of the votaries. Those similarities can be explained by migrant Italians, the Salarii for instance, chiefly in the second half of the Ist century B.C. as a consequence of the mithridatic wars and the decline of Delos. The relationship between “Italian traffickers” and Isiac cults enables us to enquire into the institutional and social contexts but also into the nature of the religious change itself.

This chapter articulates the outstanding characteristics of the economies of the Greek world in the archaic and classical periods. It investigates the relationships between certain aspects of local economies and the corporate enactments generated by civic assemblies and law courts. Enactments shaped production as well as import/export patterns; assemblies set up standing and extraordinary regulatory offices that oversaw trade and collected import and sales taxes. The currently ascendant approach to the economies of the ancient Mediterranean is New Institutionalism, the analytical approach adopted in the recent Cambridge Economic History of the Greco‐Roman World. The chapter provides examples of positive and negative actions of the assemblies of Athens and Eretria. Finally, it analyzes the question: Was the participatory community at Athens parasitic on the economy?

The chapter explores different ways in which communities could form around displaced artworks through several case studies of Levantine artworks that followed complicated biographical trajectories: bronzes found in Greece at pan-Hellenic sanctuaries (reworked bands at Olympia and horse harness elements at Samos and Eretria), ivories from within official palatial contexts (at Arslan Tash) and from outside (in the Town Wall Houses at Nimrud and at Til Barsip), and refashioned ivories and bronzes from a “royal” tomb at Salamis on Cyprus. The chapter also highlights the different ways in which these objects were used, and in some cases refashioned, for varying purposes of community formation by multiple cultural groups. These stories of access to and (re)use of portable luxury goods speak to their ongoing efficacy in social life. Such luxury portable objects could be acquired through official, state-sponsored collection and redistribution of booty and tribute. Yet non-state sponsored activities like looting, scavenging, and salvaging also allowed for the dissemination of prestigious elite materials into alternative channels of circulation. The case studies presented here illustrate the diversity and complexity of interactions in the Iron Age Near East and Mediterranean.

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction, or Reading as Metaphor Image as Metaphor, or the Taming of the Bride What Kind of Women? Trading in Sex? Looking Forward Recommended Further Reading Notes

Publication d’une base inscrite en marbre, découverte en remploi dans le dallage du temple du culte impérial d’Érétrie sur l’île d’Eubée. La double inscription gravée sur la face antérieure de la base montre que celle-ci portait à l’origine deux statues de bronze honorant les membres d’une même famille érétrienne et que l’ensemble était dédié à la triade formée d’Artémis, Apollon et Lêtô. L’analyse paléographique et l’examen typologique de la base – dont on connaît plusieurs parallèles en Grèce centrale –, ainsi que le contexte politique et économique d’Érétrie à la basse époque hellénistique, permettent de dater l’érection du monument de l’extrême fin du IIe s. ou du tout début du Ier s. av. J.-C. Ce genre de dédicaces à la triade artémisiaque est connu par d’autres inscriptions découvertes dans les environs présumés du sanctuaire d’Artémis à Amarynthos, à l’Est d’Érétrie. La découverte de la nouvelle base en ville d’Érétrie et la mention en première position d’Artémis suggèrent cependant que le monument était placé à l’origine dans une chapelle artémisiaque à l’intérieur même des murs de la cité. A new dedication to the Artemisiac triad in Eretria The present publishes an inscribed marble base, found reused in the pavement of the temple for the imperial cult at Eretria in Euboea. The double inscription on the front shows that the base supported two bronze statues honouring members of an Eretrian family, and was dedicated to the triad, Artemis, Apollo and Leto. Palaeography and the typology of the base, which has parallels in Central Greece, and the political and economic position of Eretria in the late Hellenistic period, allow to propose a date in the last years of the 2nd century or earliest 1st century. This type of dedication to the divine triad is well known from other inscriptions found in the neighbourhood of the supposed sanctuary of Artemis at Amarynthos, east of Eretria. The new base, found in the city, and the fact that Artemis is named first, suggest that the monument stood originally in a sanctuary dedicated to Artemis within the city.