Explore the vast range of titles available.

Habitat conditions and spring-associated limestones (SALs) formed by ambient precipitation with the biotic contribution of the desmid Oocardium stratum Naegeli 1843 (Zygnematophyceae) were studied in 5 springs along a north-south transect across the central Eastern European Alps. Spring waters were characterized by permanent flow and temporally almost stable physicochemical conditions, but variable relationships among major ions (especially HCO3-:SO42- and Ca2+:Mg2+) among sites. In most cases, CO2 supersaturation (0.2-1.8 mu M/L) caused in situ depression of pH from near equilibrium (8.3) to <8, with a minimum pH of 7.1. SAL areas dominated by Oocardium growth were greatest some distance downstream of the spring origin where degassing of excess CO2 had occurred and pH had risen to >8.1. The calcified segments of spring streams were limited to areas <300 m from the spring mouth. Within the uppermost segment of larger rheocrenes (CO sub(2) supersaturated areas), extensive weakly calcified bryophyte crops (Eucladium verticillatum, were replaced further downstream by 100-1000 mu m) whose ultrastructural features were best seen with SEM. The distribution of SAL types within and among sites was evaluated in relation to water-chemistry and additional environmental variables. The findings were compared with earlier records from the Alps and other mountain areas of Europe (in particular, Croatia and UK) to facilitate recognition and delimitation of

Bryological composition, water chemistry, and environmental factors were characterized on 67 Belgian travertines. We explore the relationship between these environmental factors and the community composition, species richness, or presence of individual species using Redundancy Analysis with Hellinger’s transformation (tb-RDA) or Generalized Linear Models (GLMs). The best variables explaining the community composition are slope, NO3, NH4, and PO4. The species richness is negatively related to canopy cover and PO4. Palustriella commutata tends to be more frequent when the slope is steeper and to a lesser degree when the canopy cover is lower. Eucladium verticillatum tends to be slightly more frequent when canopy cover and NH4 concentrations are lower. Cratoneuron filicinum is more frequent at higher Mg concentrations and Pellia endiviifolia is more frequent at lower PO4 concentrations and higher NO3 concentrations. Brachythecium rivulare showed wide ecological amplitude and almost none of the tested environmental factors seem to be related to its presence. The study identifies eutrophication as the main factor responsible for habitat deterioration. Practical indications on the best ways to maintain or to enhance the quality of these petrifying sources are given.

Lampenflora consists of phototrophic organisms which grow near artificial light. In caves with artificial lighting, a vegetation of aerophytic cyanobacteria and algae, bryophytes and ferns can be found around lamps; these communities represent an alteration of the underground environment and may cause damages both to speleothems and cave fauna. The development of lampenflora is a typical problem for show cave management. A floristic research of bryophytes and ferns (land plants) of lampenflora was carried out in 2012 in Grotta Gigante, a very well-known show cave of the Trieste Karst (NE Italy), in order to compile a species inventory. 26 sites near artificial lights of different kinds were sampled in the dark zone of the show cave. 16 moss species and 2 ferns were found; no liverworts were observed. The most common species are: the mosses Eucladium verticillatum, Fissidens bryoides, Oxyrrhynchium schleicheri, Rhynchostegiella tenella and the fern Asplenium trichomanes; 7 moss species were found only in one to two sites.

UDC 582.32:551.442(497.4) Janez Mulec & Svatava Kubezova: Diversity of bryophytes in show caves in Slovenia and relation to light intensities In subterranean environments phototrophic organisms can grow only in the proximity of light sources. In a study from eight Slovenian show caves: Crna jama, Kostanjevizka jama, Krzka jama, Pekel pri Zalogu, Pivka jama, Postojnska jama, zkocjanske jame, Zupanova jama and two mines, Idrija mercury mine and Mezica lead and zinc mine, equipped for tourist visits, 37 taxa of Bryophyta and Pteridophyta were identified. The most frequent organisms were mosses Amblystegium serpens, Brachythecium sp., Eucladium verticillatum and Fissidens taxifolius. The highest diversity of bryophytes was recorded in Mezica mine with 16 identified taxa where lamps are on continuously. Bryophytes were collected at wide range of photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD) from 0.2 to 530.0 mu mol photons/m super( 2)/s. Eucladium verticillatum had the highest span of PPFDs, ranging from 1.4 to 530.0 mu mol photons/m super( 2)/s. Bryophytes compensate for low PPFD with longer exposure to light irradiance. Cratoneuron filicinum identified in Mezica mine developed sporophytes at 2.1 and 2.4 mu mol photons/m super( 2)/s, in Postojnska jama Brachythecium salebrosum developed sporophytes at 4.7 mu mol photons/m super( 2)/s. Recolonization of lampenflora in show caves where bleach is applied to prevent its growth is still successful at sites that are exposed to long periods of irradiance and high PPFDs.

Evidence is provided that the first person to validly publish a name for the species that Linnaeus termed \"Bryum verticillatum\" in 1753 was Withering in 1801, and that his name actually constitutes the basionym of the well-known moss name, correctly cited as Eucladium verticillatum (With.) Bruch & Schimp. (Bryophyta, Pottiaceae). \"Weissia verticillata (Hedw.) ex Brid.\" of 1801, which has hitherto been considered the basionym of this binomial, is a nomen nudum; the combination Weissia verticillata was validly published by Bridel in 1806. Bryum verticillatum With. is lectotypified here with a specimen from Cumberland, England, that is preserved at BM.