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This study explored brain activation patterns in the executive function of children and adolescents following an exercise intervention. After computer retrieval of relevant studies, we independently screened the studies, extracted data, and assessed the quality. We used Ginger ALE 2.3 software to conduct activation likelihood estimation, then we discussed and calculated the activation cluster and activation probability of the brain regions of children and adolescents who completed an exercise intervention. After the exercise intervention, children and adolescents achieved five peak activation enhancement points (total volume = 2,070 mm3) and six peak activation reduction points (total volume = 1,352 mm3) in the process of completing executive function tasks. The results indicate that the improvement in executive function caused by an exercise intervention is the result of synergetic changes in multiple brain regions with increased and decreased activation.

Eating disorders (EDs) have become a social epidemic in the developed world. This book addresses the close links between EDs and exercise, helping us to understand why people with EDs often exercise to excessive and potentially harmful levels. This is also the first book to examine this issue from an ethical and legal perspective, identifying the rights and responsibilities of people with EDs, their families and the fitness professionals and clinicians that work with them. The book offers an accessible account of EDs and closely examines the concept of addiction. Drawing on a wide range of medical, psychological, physiological, sociological and philosophical sources, the book examines the benefits and risks of exercise for the ED population, explores the links between EDs and other abuses of the body in the sports environment and addresses the issue of athletes with disordered eating behaviour. Importantly, the book also surveys current legislation and professional codes of conduct that guide the work of fitness professionals and clinicians in this area and presents a clear and thorough set of case histories and action points to help professionals better understand, and care for, their clients with EDs. Exercise and Eating Disorders is important reading for students of applied ethics, medical ethics and the ethics of sport, as well as for fitness professionals, psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, sports coaches and sport and exercise scientists looking to improve their understanding of this important issue. 1. Eating Disorders: Symptoms and Facts 2. The Effects of Abnormal Eating 3. Clinical Explanations of Eating Disorders 4. Eating Disorders, Exercise and Addiction 5. Media and Eating Disorders 6. Exercise and Eating Disorders 7. People with Eating Disorders in the Gym 8. Law and Professional Guidelines 9. Ethical Issues 10. Recommendations and Conclusions Simona Giordano is Senior Lecturer in Bioethics at the School of Law, University of Manchester, UK. She is Programme Director of medical ethics teaching in undergraduate medical education in the School of Medicine, and also teaches for the Master and Postgraduate Diploma in Healthcare Ethics and Law. Simona is a member of the UK Register of Exercise Professionals, and qualified as an exercise instructor in 1999.