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The fitness instructor's handbook : a professional's complete guide to health and fitness
The Fitness Instructor's Handbook is the essential guide for anyone working in, or wishing to enter, the fitness industry. This new edition has been fully updated and covers every component of the industry standards, offering the perfect blend of theory and practice for every aspect of health and fitness.
Book
Foundations of Language
A landmark in linguistics and cognitive science. Ray Jackendoff proposes a new holistic theory of the relation between the sounds, structure, and meaning of language and their relation to mind and brain. Foundations of Language exhibits the most fundamental new thinking in linguistics since Noam Chomsky's Aspects of the Theory of Syntax in.
eBook
New Horizons for the Methodology and Physiology of Training Periodization
The theory of training was established about five decades ago when knowledge of athletes’ preparation was far from complete and the biological background was based on a relatively small amount of objective research findings. At that time, traditional ‘training periodization’, a division of the entire seasonal programme into smaller periods and training units, was proposed and elucidated. Since then, international sport and sport science have experienced tremendous changes, while the traditional training periodization has remained at more or less the same level as the published studies of the initial publications. As one of the most practically oriented components of theory, training periodization is intended to offer coaches basic guidelines for structuring and planning training. However, during recent decades contradictions between the traditional model of periodization and the demands of high-performance sport practice have inevitably developed. The main limitations of traditional periodization stemmed from: (i) conflicting physiological responses produced by ‘mixed’ training directed at many athletic abilities; (ii) excessive fatigue elicited by prolonged periods of multi-targeted training; (iii) insufficient training stimulation induced by workloads of medium and low concentration typical of ‘mixed’ training; and (iv) the inability to provide multi-peak performances over the season. The attempts to overcome these limitations led to development of alternative periodization concepts. The recently developed block periodization model offers an alternative revamped approach for planning the training of high-performance athletes. Its general idea proposes the sequencing of specialized training cycles, i.e. blocks, which contain highly concentrated workloads directed to a minimal number of targeted abilities. Unlike the traditional model, in which the simultaneous development of many athletic abilities predominates, block-periodized training presupposes the consecutive development of reasonably selected target abilities. The content of block-periodized training is set down in its general principles, a taxonomy of mesocycle blocks, and guidelines for compiling an annual plan.
Journal Article
Entropy in Dynamical Systems
This comprehensive text on entropy covers three major types of dynamics: measure preserving transformations; continuous maps on compact spaces; and operators on function spaces. Part I contains proofs of the Shannon–McMillan–Breiman Theorem, the Ornstein–Weiss Return Time Theorem, the Krieger Generator Theorem and, among the newest developments, the ergodic law of series. In Part II, after an expanded exposition of classical topological entropy, the book addresses symbolic extension entropy. It offers deep insight into the theory of entropy structure and explains the role of zero-dimensional dynamics as a bridge between measurable and topological dynamics. Part III explains how both measure-theoretic and topological entropy can be extended to operators on relevant function spaces. Intuitive explanations, examples, exercises and open problems make this an ideal text for a graduate course on entropy theory. More experienced researchers can also find inspiration for further research.
eBook
Orthopedic Humanitarian Initiatives (Ortho HI), Inc: facilitating movement by connecting cultures
The non-profit organisation, Orthopedic Humanitarian Initiatives (Ortho HI) was conceived during a social visit to the Philippine Orthopedic Center (POC). Based in Manila, the POC is the foremost orthopedic hospital in the Philippines and is funded largely by the Philippine government.1 The director of the hospital, Dr. Brix Pujalte, showed how difficult conditions could be for both patients and staff. Beds sometimes did not have mattresses or blankets, and there was a lack of mosquito nets for the patients. Those who were immobilised due to casts and traction were especially at risk for mosquito-borne diseases. The administration does its very best with limited funding and resources; still, more could be done for patients, who often do not have enough money to buy food or daily needs. Furthermore, medical students and residents at the POC often used photocopied textbooks as internet access could be slow, limited and costly. It was suggested that some needs could be addressed by donations of radiology equipment, medications, implants, surgical implements, mosquito nets, sterile gloves and dressings, masks, and textbooks.
Journal Article
Professor Niels Henry Secher: Celebrating success from boat to bench to bedside
[...]his first papers focused on the cardiopulmonary effects of rowing, with his very first paper entitled ‘Maximal oxygen uptake during arm cranking and combined arm plus leg exercise’ (Secher et al., 1974) and 2 years later, he, along with his colleague Roger Jackson, an Olympic gold medallist from Canada in 1964, published the pioneering paper on aerobic demands during rowing with data from pulmonary gases collected 'real-time' during on water rowing (Jackson & Secher, 1976). In a 1985 paper entitled ‘Vagal slowing of the heart during haemorrhage: observations from 20 consecutive hypotensive patients’ (Sander-Jensen et al., 1986), a ‘tell-tale’ table demonstrated that during the shock phase when the blood pressure was low, HR was also low (on average 73 beats/min) – not high as traditional dogma would have predicted. During the recovery phase when blood, albumin and crystalloids were supplied, and corresponding blood pressure increased, HR also increased (on average 102 beats/min). CONFLICT OF INTEREST D.M.B. is Editor-in-Chief of Experimental Physiology, Chair of the Life Sciences Working Group, member of the Human Spaceflight and Exploration Science Advisory Committee to the European Space Agency, member of the Space Exploration Advisory Committee to the UK Space Agency, member of the National Cardiovascular Network for Wales and South East Wales Vascular Network and is affiliated to the companies FloTBI, Inc. and Bexorg, Inc. focused on the technological development of novel biomarkers of brain injury in humans.
Journal Article
Gauging the effects of exercises on verb–noun collocations
Many contemporary textbooks for English as a foreign language (EFL) and books for vocabulary study contain exercises with a focus on collocations, with verb–noun collocations (e.g. make a mistake) being particularly popular as targets for collocation learning. Common exercise formats used in textbooks and other pedagogic materials require learners to establish appropriate matches between sets of verbs and nouns. However, matching exercises almost inevitably carry a risk of erroneous connections, and despite corrective feedback these might leave undesirable traces in the learner’s memory. We report four small-scale trials (total n = 135) in which the learning gains obtained from verb–noun matching exercises are compared with the learning gains obtained from a format in which the target collocations are presented to the learners as intact wholes. Pre-test to post-test gains turned out small in all of the conditions, owing in part to the learners’ substitution of initially correct choices by distracters from the exercises. The latter, negative side-effect was attested more often in the matching exercises than in the exercises where the learners worked with collocations as intact wholes.
Journal Article
Content Validity of Circuit Training Program and Its Effects on The Aerobic Endurance of Wheelchair Tennis Athletes
Background: “Exercise is an activity to improve technical and physical competence of athletes”, most sports require an excellent physical aspect to win. Aerobic endurance is an essential point in the preparation of a wheelchair tennis training program. Aim: This research is to validate the circuit training program and test the exercise program on the aerobic endurance of wheelchair tennis athletes. Method: This research is development research with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Participants are wheelchair tennis athletes with ten males and four females, height 156-167± cm, weight 50-70± kg, age 31-35. Participants in the program validation were seven nationally licensed physical fitness trainers. The first stage qualitatively examines documents in articles, ebooks, textbooks to design the program. The second stage quantitatively applies the Delphi technique to assess the prepared training program. The third stage analyzes the assessment results with the content validity ratio formula and, the fourth stage tests the exercise program for six weeks. The instrument used is a multistage fitness test. Results: It has been found that the assessment items from seven experts show the content validity ratio value is 1.00, so it can be categorized as having good content validity. It has been found the mean posttest (N=14, M=249.14, SD=16.033) and posttest (N=14, M=241.71, SD=17.166). It has been found that hypothesis testing using paired samples t-test analysis (p=0.000<0.05). Conclusion: the circuit training exercise program has good validity, then based on the effectiveness test, there is an increase in the aerobic endurance of wheelchair tennis athletes.
Journal Article
The connection to the public’s preferred sports analysis and physical education curriculum
People have their favorite type of sport, but such preferences tend to be shared for nearly a lifetime. How this preference persists remains inconclusive; hence, this study attempts to determine why people have different viewpoints on sports. It is reasonable to infer that these differences arise from differences in culture, occupation, and race. Therefore, we collected the following data and conducted research in Korea, the United States, and Japan, countries with various differences. The types of sports that people play were collected through surveys and comparisons among sports networks. Namely, “Sport Classification,” “The K-12 Physical Education System (textbooks),” “Survey (actual physical activity),” “Simple Notification Service (SNS) Activity” have been examined to deduce the reason why any particular sport is played. Firstly, Korea, the United States, and Japan conduct different physical education courses. Hence, the results affect people’s preferences. Secondly, what people post on SNS and their actual physical activities are different. Thirdly, the degree of connection between sports-type varied as well. Lastly, sports that serve the purpose of being regarded as hubs among sports-type were common in Korea, the United States, and Japan.
Journal Article