Explore the vast range of titles available.

Establishing stable export relations is significant for developing countries to realize industrialization through exporting manufactured products. Based on the export data of 100 developing countries on the product level from 1999 to 2015, this paper empirically explores the relationship between FDI and product export survival of the host country using the survival analysis model. The estimations show that FDI is conducive to the extension of the export duration of domestic products, and this effect is more evident in products with comparative advantages. Mechanism inspections prove that FDIs extend the export duration of products by improving their quality. To overcome endogenous problems, this paper establishes instrumental variables of FDI based on population and geographical factors. The results of the two-stage least square regression support the conclusions derived from the benchmark regression. This paper provides new empirical evidence for the role of FDI in export promotion and resource allocation.

The rapid expansion of global value chains (GVCs) over the past few decades has significantly transformed international trade, leading to a more competitive global market where firms continuously strive to enhance their trade survival capabilities. In export-oriented economies like Vietnam, exports play a crucial role in driving economic growth. This study utilizes a panel probit model to examine the relationship between engagement in GVCs and the export survival of manufacturing firms in Vietnam over the period from 2010 to 2020. The empirical findings indicate that participation in GVCs has a positive impact on the export survivability of Vietnam's manufacturing firms. In addition, firm characteristics such as size, location in industrial zones, labor productivity, and product diversification all contribute positively to export survival. Notably, state-owned and foreign-owned firms demonstrate superior export persistence compared to non-state-owned and domestic firms, respectively. The study also reveals a negative relationship between GVC participation and the provincial competitiveness index. Based on these results, the study offers several policy recommendations aimed at enhancing firms' export survivability in foreign markets, thus contributing to sustainable economic development. This study investigates the relationship between participation in global value chains (GVCs) and the export survival of manufacturing firms in Vietnam over the period 2010-2020. Utilizing a panel probit model, the findings demonstrate that GVC engagement significantly enhances the likelihood of export continuity among these firms. Furthermore, firm-specific characteristics, such as firm size, location within industrial zones, labor productivity, and product diversification, are found to positively influence export survival. Notably, state-owned and foreign-invested firms show greater persistence in export markets compared to their non-state-owned and domestic counterparts. The study also identifies a negative correlation between GVC participation and the provincial competitiveness index. Drawing on these findings, the study offers several policy recommendations aimed at bolstering firms' long-term presence in international markets and contributing to sustainable economic development.

This study investigates the effect of GATS, a service-specific trade agreement, on the survival of service exports from Kenya to 176 countries between 1995 and 2019. Services are classified at a 1-digit level: travel, transport, computer and information, construction, financial, insurance, government, other business, and personal, cultural, and recreational services. The discrete-time probit model with random effects reveals that GATS reduces the survival of service exports by 0.78%. At the category level, GATS only increases the survival of construction and government services. GATS also reduces the survival of Kenya's exports to Africa when geographical regions are considered. However, GATS boosts the survival of services when it is interacted with the quality of institutions and the Services Trade Restrictiveness Index (STRI). Accordingly, reducing regulations and general improvement of the quality of institutions can help countries reap the benefits of a service-specific trade agreement fully.

Using the universe of Spanish first-time exporters selling manufactured products over the period 1997–2018, we show that import experience is associated with higher survival rates in the export markets, and conditioning on survival, a higher growth rate of their exports. In both cases, the highest impact is obtained when previous import experience occurs within one year before firms start exporting. Import experience improves general knowledge about foreign markets but it is not market-specific. Post-entry success in terms of survival and persistent growth rises if new exporters are large importers and if they buy intermediate inputs from competitive foreign suppliers.

This study investigates the effects of logistics performance on export survival using a sample of 28 European Union (EU-28) exporters and 70 importers for the 2005–2017 period. We find that the mean duration of EU-28 exports is 2.37 years. Furthermore, the duration is two months longer when partners have higher than average levels of Logistics Performance Index (LPI). Estimates from the discrete-time logit model with random effects indicate that improvements in logistics performance in both the exporting and importing country significantly increase the survival of EU-28 exports. We also find that the “hard” logistics of importers have a greater impact on the duration of EU-28 exports than do those of exporters. Conversely, the “soft” logistics of exporters have a greater effect on the duration of EU-28 exports than do those of importers.

This paper investigates the effects of trade credit on export survival by using cross-country panel data with 41 countries from 1997 to 2014. The export survival rate is the ratio of the number of survivors to the entrants. Trade credit is defined as the net value received of the liabilities and claims arising from receiving or providing supplier credit and advance payment for transactions in goods and services. The empirical results indicate that net trade credit received by the exporters is positively associated with the possibility of export survival and that this effect is notably stronger for second- and third-year firms than for first-year entrants, for crisis and post-crisis periods compared with normal periods, and for cases where endogeneity problem is taken into account. These findings suggest that in order to enhance the sustainability of export flow, governments should employ policies to facilitate greater advance payment, especially during periods of financial distress.

Successful export growth and diversification require not only entry into new export products and markets but also the survival and growth of export flows. For a cross-country dataset of product-level bilateral export flows, exporting is found to be a perilous activity, especially in low-income countries. Unobserved individual heterogeneity in product-level export flow data prevails even when a wide range of observed country and product characteristics are controlled for. This questions previous studies that used the Cox proportional hazards model to analyze export survival. Following Meyer (1990), a Prentice-Gloeckler (1978) model is estimated, amended with a gamma mixture distribution summarizing unobserved individual heterogeneity. The empirical results confirm the significance of a range of product- as well as country-specific factors in determining the survival of new export flows. Important for policymaking is the finding of the value of learning-by-doing for export survival: experience with exporting the same product to other markets or different products to the same market is found to strongly increase the chance of export survival. A better understanding of such learning effects could substantially improve the effectiveness of export promotion strategies.

Resumen: Esta investigación busca, a través de analizar los elementos tangibles e intangibles, contestar a la pregunta de cuáles son los principales elementos territoriales que aportan valor añadido al vino e influyen positivamente en la supervivencia exportadora. Para ello se analiza esta hipótesis a través del caso del vino en Castilla-La Mancha (España). Se identifican tres elementos clave que infieren valor añadido al vino: aspectos geográficos, históricos, y de producción. Además, estos mismos elementos generan externalidades positivas como el enoturismo que mejora la imagen, demanda y valor del vino. Los resultados del estudio son extrapolables a otros productos agroalimentarios y regiones.

This paper establishes the determinants of the export durability of agriculture products in Zambia with specific attention to maize, sugar, cotton, and tobacco between 1996 and 2019. We find that approximately 39% of Zambia’s agricultural products were exported beyond the first year of trading and less than 10% lasted up to 6 years of trading. The mean and median duration of exporting agricultural products in Zambia was 1.7 years and 1 year, respectively. Among the products, maize had the highest export duration after the first year of trading, followed by sugar, tobacco, and cotton. Results of the discrete-time logit and probit models with random effects revealed that the duration of total agricultural products was significantly impacted by common colony, contiguity, partner’s gross domestic product (GDP), Zambia’s GDP, initial exports, and total exports. Of these factors, colonial history and Zambia’s GDP reduced export duration, while contiguity, partner’s GDP, initial exports, and total exports increased the durability of exports in Zambia. The effect of Zambia’s GDP was uniform across all individual agricultural products. Total exports also significantly impacted all other agriculture products in a similar manner except for maize. Export durability for cotton was significantly impacted by the Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs), while the export durability of tobacco was significantly impacted by distance, contiguity, and partner’s GDP. To increase the duration of agriculture exports, we propose the exporting of finished agriculture products (and not just raw materials), which have a higher market value and duration probability. Farmers also need support with export subsidies, increased foreign market access (especially to economies with higher buying power), and negotiated favorable trade terms in the region and around the globe.