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"Expression Humor."
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Influence of humor expression on suicidal ideation among adolescents: mediating effects of depressive emotion and positive emotion
Background
The occurrence and degree of suicidal ideation during the past month in adolescents should be regarded seriously. Several studies have noted that humor expression style and depressive emotion may influence adolescents’ suicidal ideation. However, there is insufficient evidence concerning whether positive emotion reduces such suicidal ideation in adolescents. In addition, the relationships among humor expression, depressive emotion, positive emotion and suicidal ideation remain to be confirmed. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to test the mediating roles of depressive emotion and positive emotion in the relationship between humor expression and recent adolescent’s suicidal ideation.
Methods
A total of 1551 students in junior high school completed questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with LISREL 8.80 and Monte Carlo resampling with R.
Results
The results indicate that suicidal ideation in adolescents during the past month was related not only to humor expression but also to depressive emotion and positive emotion. The stronger the depressive emotion felt, the stronger the suicidal ideation; in contrast, the stronger the positive emotion, the weaker the suicidal ideation. Moreover, depressive emotion and positive emotion were found to mediate the relationship between humor expression and suicidal ideation; additionally, positive emotion was found to mediate the relationship between depressive emotion and suicidal ideation.
Conclusion
These results highlight that depressive emotion and positive emotion may mediate the influence of humor expression on suicidal ideation among adolescents, and positive emotion may mediate the influence of depressive emotion on suicidal ideation. More attention should be paid to decreasing adolescents’ self-deprecating humor expression and depressive emotion, whereas more witty response humor expression and positive emotion should be encouraged to prevent their suicidal ideation.
Journal Article
#Post this book : journal, color, share
\"Express yourself. Color, photograph, video, draw, paint, pattern, collage, decorate, create, experiment, then share. #Post this book\"--Back cover.
Book
Effects of Classroom Humor Climate and Acceptance of Humor Messages on Adolescents’ Expressions of Humor
Background
To adapt to dramatic changes from physical growth, physical development and the increasing demand of significant others, humor has been found to be an effective coping strategy. However, previous studies have found that adolescents start to express their humor styles with aggressive components which causes negative consequences, such as social anxiety and social loneliness. Therefore, the factors that influence adolescents’ humor styles, particularly negative ones, should be of concern.
Objective
The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to investigate the effects of the classroom humor climate and the effects of the personal acceptance of humor messages on adolescents’ expressions of humor and (2) to examine how the personal acceptance of humor messages moderates these relationships.
Methods
Four types of humor expressions based on the Taiwan Adolescent Humor Instruments were measured: self-deprecating, other-devaluing, body language, and witty response (Chiang et al. in Psychol Test 58:179–205,
2011
). The current study used a cross-sectional design with data from a nationally representative random sample of 1718 students. The data were analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling.
Results
Adolescents’ acceptance of humor messages influenced their use of each type of humor, and the classroom climate also modestly influenced their use of humor. When the classroom climate favored self-deprecating/other-devaluing humor, and adolescents more positively accepted self-deprecating/other-devaluing humor, they engaged in more of that type of humor.
Conclusion
Adolescents’ acceptance of humor messages should be assessed to identify and reduce maladaptive humor climates and to facilitate a more positive humor style in the classroom by promoting appropriate social norms.
Journal Article
Leader humor, workplace gossip, and employee authentic self-expression: implications for employee proactive behaviors
Employee proactivity has been shown to play an important role in contemporary organizations. In the present study, we intended to understand the predictors of employees’ proactive work design behaviors, such as task i-deals and job crafting, based on the symbolic interactionist perspective on identity. Specifically, we investigated the effects of leader humor on employees’ task i-deals and job crafting behaviors through the mediating mechanism of authentic self-expression and the moderating role of receiving negative workplace gossip from an identity perspective. The four-wave data were collected from a sample of 320 employees to test the hypotheses. The results confirmed that leader humor as a form of positive social interaction promoted employees’ proactive behaviors by influencing the levels of authentic self-expression. In addition, the effect of leader humor became more pronounced in a gossipy work environment. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Journal Article
Benign Violations: Making Immoral Behavior Funny
Humor is an important, ubiquitous phenomenon; however, seemingly disparate conditions seem to facilitate humor. We integrate these conditions by suggesting that laughter and amusement result from violations that are simultaneously seen as benign. We investigated three conditions that make a violation benign and thus humorous: (a) the presence of an alternative norm suggesting that the situation is acceptable, (b) weak commitment to the violated norm, and (c) psychological distance from the violation. We tested the benign-violation hypothesis in the domain of moral psychology, where there is a strong documented association between moral violations and negative emotions, particularly disgust. Five experimental studies show that benign moral violations tend to elicit laughter and amusement in addition to disgust. Furthermore, seeing a violation as both wrong and not wrong mediates behavioral displays of humor. Our account is consistent with evolutionary accounts of laughter, explains humor across many domains, and suggests that humor can accompany negative emotion.
Journal Article
Cell atlas of aqueous humor outflow pathways in eyes of humans and four model species provides insight into glaucoma pathogenesis
Increased intraocular pressure (IOP) represents a major risk factor for glaucoma, a prevalent eye disease characterized by death of retinal ganglion cells; lowering IOP is the only proven treatment strategy to delay disease progression. The main determinant of IOP is the equilibrium between production and drainage of aqueous humor, with compromised drainage generally viewed as the primary contributor to dangerous IOP elevations. Drainage occurs through two pathways in the anterior segment of the eye called conventional and uveoscleral. To gain insights into the cell types that comprise these pathways, we used high-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq). From ∼24,000 single-cell transcriptomes, we identified 19 cell types with molecular markers for each and used histological methods to localize each type. We then performed similar analyses on four organisms used for experimental studies of IOP dynamics and glaucoma: cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis), rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta), pig (Sus scrofa), and mouse (Mus musculus). Many human cell types had counterparts in these models, but differences in cell types and gene expression were evident. Finally, we identified the cell types that express genes implicated in glaucoma in all five species. Together, our results provide foundations for investigating the pathogenesis of glaucoma and for using model systems to assess mechanisms and potential interventions.
Journal Article
Diagnostic Aqueous Humor Proteome Predicts Metastatic Potential in Uveal Melanoma
Gene expression profiling (GEP) is clinically validated to stratify the risk of metastasis by assigning uveal melanoma (UM) patients to two highly prognostic molecular classes: class 1 (low metastatic risk) and class 2 (high metastatic risk). However, GEP requires intraocular tumor biopsy, which is limited by small tumor size and tumor heterogeneity; furthermore, there are small risks of retinal hemorrhage, bleeding, or tumor dissemination. Thus, ocular liquid biopsy has emerged as a less-invasive alternative. In this study, we seek to determine the aqueous humor (AH) proteome related to the advanced GEP class 2 using diagnostic AH liquid biopsy specimens. Twenty AH samples were collected from patients with UM, grouped by GEP classes. Protein expression levels of 1472 targets were analyzed, compared between GEP classes, and correlated with clinical features. Significant differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were subjected to analysis for cellular pathway and upstream regulator identification. The results showed that 45 DEPs detected in the AH could differentiate GEP class 1 and 2 at diagnosis. IL1R and SPRY2 are potential upstream regulators for the 8/45 DEPs that contribute to metastasis-related pathways. AH liquid biopsy offers a new opportunity to determine metastatic potential for patients in the absence of tumor biopsy.
Journal Article
Comparative Single Vesicle Analysis of Aqueous Humor Extracellular Vesicles before and after Radiation in Uveal Melanoma Eyes
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have been shown to promote tumorigenesis, treatment resistance, and metastasis in multiple cancer types; however, sEVs in the aqueous humor (AH) of uveal melanoma (UM) patients have never previously been profiled. In this study, we used single particle analysis to characterize sEV subpopulations in the AH of UM patients by quantifying their size, concentration, and phenotypes based on cell surface markers, specifically the tetraspanin co-expression patterns of CD9, CD63, and CD81. sEVs were analyzed from paired pre- and post-treatment (brachytherapy, a form of radiation) AH samples collected from 19 UM patients. In post-brachytherapy samples, two subpopulations, CD63/81+ and CD9/63/81+ sEVs, were significantly increased. These trends existed even when stratified by tumor location and GEP class 1 and class 2 (albeit not significant for GEP class 2). In this initial report of single vesicle profiling of sEVs in the AH of UM patients, we demonstrated that sEVs can be detected in the AH. We further identified two subpopulations that were increased post-brachytherapy, which may suggest radiation-induced release of these particles, potentially from tumor cells. Further study of the cargo carried by these sEV subpopulations may uncover important biomarkers and insights into tumorigenesis for UM.
Journal Article
Circular RNA-ZNF532 regulates diabetes-induced retinal pericyte degeneration and vascular dysfunction
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in working-age adults. Vascular pericyte degeneration is the predominant clinical manifestation of DR, yet the mechanism governing pericyte degeneration is poorly understood. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in multiple biological processes and disease progression. Here, we investigated the role of circRNA in pericyte biology and diabetes-induced retinal vascular dysfunction. cZNF532 expression was upregulated in pericytes under diabetic stress, in the retinal vessels of a diabetic murine model, and in the vitreous humor of diabetic patients. cZNF532 silencing reduced the viability, proliferation, and differentiation of pericytes and suppressed the recruitment of pericytes toward endothelial cells in vitro. cZNF532 regulated pericyte biology by acting as a miR-29a-3p sponge and inducing increased expression of NG2, LOXL2, and CDK2. Knockdown of cZNF532 or overexpression of miR-29a-3p aggravated streptozotocin-induced retinal pericyte degeneration and vascular dysfunction. By contrast, overexpression of cZNF532 or inhibition of miR-29a-3p ameliorated human diabetic vitreous-induced retinal pericyte degeneration and vascular dysfunction. Collectively, these data identify a circRNA-mediated mechanism that coordinates pericyte biology and vascular homeostasis in DR. Induction of cZNF532 or antagonism of miR-29a-3p is an exploitable therapeutic approach for the treatment of DR.
Journal Article