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EMDR : the breakthrough therapy for overcoming anxiety, stress, and trauma
\"When EMDR was first published in 1997, it was hailed as the most important method to emerge in psychotherapy in decades. In the twenty years since, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy has successfully treated psychological problems for millions of sufferers worldwide. In this updated edition, Francine Shapiro offers a new introduction that presents the latest applications of this remarkable therapy, as well as new scientific data demonstrating its efficacy. Drawing on the experiences of thousands of clinicians as well as a vast research literature on depression, addiction, PTSD, and other disorders, she explains how life experiences are physically stored in our brains, making us feel and act in harmful ways, and how EMDR therapy can bring relief, often in a remarkably short period of time. Applicable to survivors of trauma as well as people suffering from phobias and other experience-based disorders, EMDR is essential reading for anyone who seeks to understand why we hurt, how we heal, and how we get better.\"--Publisher's description.
Book
Increasing the diagnostic yield of childhood glaucoma cases recruited into the 100,000 Genomes Project
Childhood glaucoma (CG) encompasses a heterogeneous group of genetic eye disorders that is responsible for approximately 5% of childhood blindness worldwide. Understanding the molecular aetiology is key to improving diagnosis, prognosis and unlocking the potential for optimising clinical management. In this study, we investigated 86 CG cases from 78 unrelated families of diverse ethnic backgrounds, recruited into the Genomics England 100,000 Genomes Project (GE100KGP) rare disease cohort, to improve the genetic diagnostic yield. Using the Genomics England/Genomic Medicine Centres (GE/GMC) diagnostic pipeline, 13 unrelated families were solved (13/78, 17%). Further interrogation using an expanded gene panel yielded a molecular diagnosis in 7 more unrelated families (7/78, 9%). This analysis effectively raises the total number of solved CG families in the GE100KGP to 26% (20/78 families). Twenty-five percent (5/20) of the solved families had primary congenital glaucoma (PCG), while 75% (15/20) had secondary CG; 53% of this group had non-acquired ocular anomalies (including iris hypoplasia, megalocornea, ectopia pupillae, retinal dystrophy, and refractive errors) and 47% had non-acquired systemic diseases such as cardiac abnormalities, hearing impairment, and developmental delay.
CYP1B1
was the most frequently implicated gene, accounting for 55% (11/20) of the solved families. We identified two novel likely pathogenic variants in the
TEK
gene, in addition to one novel pathogenic copy number variant (CNV) in
FOXC1
. Variants that passed undetected in the GE100KGP diagnostic pipeline were likely due to limitations of the tiering process, the use of smaller gene panels during analysis, and the prioritisation of coding SNVs and indels over larger structural variants, CNVs, and non-coding variants.
Journal Article
Kline's Neuro-Ophthalmology Review Manual
For over 35 years, Kline's Neuro-Ophthalmology Review Manual has presented a unique and user-friendly approach to address clinical neuro-ophthalmology principles used in everyday practice. This Eighth Edition continues that tradition, providing a timely update, while also maintaining the same user-friendly and concise format. Dr. Rod Foroozan and Dr. Michael Vaphiades have taken the mantle of updating this respected manual from Dr. Lanning Kline and continue his tradition of a simple summary of the most important clinical aspects of neuro-ophthalmology with schematic illustrations and material relevant to everyday practice. They are joined by their contributing authors, all seasoned neuro-ophthalmologists, and have organized the book to provide the essential key information on neuro-ophthalmic disorders. The Eighth Edition provides a comprehensive update to the latest information, adds many new effective exercises for case study, and is a complete update on neuro-ophthalmic conditions, including results of recent clinical trials and emerging literature. Also new is the inclusion of a table of neuro-ophthalmic emergencies which serves as a quick guide so that these potentially life-threatening and blinding conditions can be accessed easily. Chapters include:Nystagmus and Related Ocular OscillationsMyasthenia and Ocular MyopathiesNonorganic Visual DisordersDisorders of Higher Visual FunctionNeuroimaging Kline's Neuro-Ophthalmology Review Manual, Eighth Edition has all the fundamentals presented logically for all practitioners and residents in ophthalmology, neurology, and neurosurgery. A popular choice among colleagues for more than 35 years, this a must-have resource in neuro-ophthalmology.
eBook
The interactive use of augmented reality for educating the elderly on common age-related eye disease
Background
The prevalence of age-related eye disorders is increasing with the aging of the global population. Community-based visual health education for the elderly has become a crucial intervention. With the advancement of technology, the application of extended reality (XR), such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), in health education has become more popular. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of educating the elderly about common age-related eye disorders through a novel AR-based health education workshop.
Methods
An AR-based education workshop was designed for the elderly to understand the major visual symptoms of several eye diseases and experience the challenges faced by visually impaired people. The effectiveness of the workshop was assessed by conducting pre- and post-activity surveys to measure the knowledge acquisition of the participants from this workshop.
Results
The intervention was found to significantly improve knowledge of age-related eye diseases among the elderly, while the participants’ age and education level could influence the effectiveness of their knowledge gained from the workshop.
Conclusions
Our study revealed the potential of the use of AR technology in facilitating health education on eye diseases in the elderly. The specific backgrounds and characteristics of target participants and the combination of AR with other pedagogical approaches warrant further investigation to maximize the impact of AR-based workshops in health education in broader healthcare contexts.
Journal Article
The effect of implementation of evidence-based eye care protocol for patients in the intensive care units on superficial eye disorders
Background
Superficial eye disorders are one of the most common complications of improper eye care in intensive care units that can lead to corneal ulcers and permanent eye damage. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the implementation of eye care protocol on the incidence of infection and superficial eye disorders in patients admitted to intensive care units.
Methods
This study was a cross-over clinical trial that was performed on 32 patients admitted to the intensive care unit with reduced or no blink reflex following loss of consciousness or receiving sedatives. The eye of the test group received eye care according to the protocol and the eye of the control group received the routine care of the ward. The data collection form included demographic and clinical information and the clinical score scale of superficial eye disorders, which were completed in 7 days for both eyes. Data analysis was performed by McNemar and Cochran tests with a 95 % confidence interval.
Results
In the study of superficial eye disorders, the frequency of dacryorrhea and hyperemia was not significantly different in the second to seventh days in the control and test eyes (
P
< 0.05). The frequency of xerophthalmia was not significantly different between the control and the test eyes on the second to third days (
P
< 0.05), but there was a significant difference on the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh days (
P
= 0.0001). Also, the frequency of corneal opacity was not significantly different in the second and third days (
P
< 0.05), but in the fourth (
P
< 0.05), fifth, sixth, and seventh days, this difference was significant (
P
= 0.0001).
Conclusions
Based on the results, although the implementation of eye care protocol has been able to have a significant effect on reducing ocular complications and problems, routine eye care in the intensive care unit also has clinical effectiveness. Therefore, in order to prevent and completely eliminate eye disorders in the intensive care unit, more evidence and research are needed.
Trial registration
The trial was retrospectively registered on
https://en.irct.ir/trial/43493
on 13 November 2019 (13.11.2019) with registration number [IRCT20140307016870N5].
Journal Article
Analysis of Selected Eye Disorders in a Group of Predisposed Breeds of Dogs: Molecular Diagnostics of Collie Eye Anomaly and Progressive Retinal Atrophy
Background: Two hereditary eye disorders that are frequently observed in Collies and related breeds are Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA) and Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA). The main symptom of CEA is choroidal hypoplasia. It is associated with a 7.8 kb deletion in intron 4 of the NHEJ1 gene located on chromosome CFA7. Rod–cone dysplasia 3 (RCD3), an early-onset form of PRA, is associated with mutations in the PDE6A gene. Methods: Molecular diagnostic techniques were used in this study to identify genetic mutations linked to CEA and RCD3-type PRA in a subset of dog breeds. Australian Shepherds (n = 29), Border Collies (n = 9), Longhaired Collies (n = 27), and Shetland Sheepdogs (n = 10) provided a total of 75 DNA samples. Samples were collected by buccal swab or blood draw, and PCR and real-time PCR methods were used for processing. Results: Of the dogs in the studied breeds, 31 had the NHEJ1 gene mutation linked to CEA. Among these, 15 were homozygous recessive (affected), while 16 were heterozygous (carriers). None of the samples had any mutations in the PDE6A gene associated with RCD3-type PRA. Conclusions: Effective identification of carriers and affected individuals for CEA was made possible by PCR-based genetic testing, confirming its value in early diagnosis and breed control. Although the RCD3 form of PRA has not been previously reported in Collies or Australian Shepherds, it was included in our analysis due to the genetic relatedness among herding breeds and the potential presence of undetected carriers resulting from historical crossbreeding.
Journal Article
The mechanisms of natural products for eye disorders by targeting mitochondrial dysfunction
The human eye is susceptible to various disorders that affect its structure or function, including glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Mitochondrial dysfunction has been identified as a critical factor in the pathogenesis and progression of eye disorders, making it a potential therapeutic target in the clinic. Natural products have been used in traditional medicine for centuries and continue to play a significant role in modern drug development and clinical therapeutics. Recently, there has been a surge in research exploring the efficacy of natural products in treating eye disorders and their underlying physiological mechanisms. This review aims to discuss the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in eye disorders and summarize the recent advances in the application of natural products targeting mitochondria. In addition, we describe the future perspective and challenges in the development of mitochondria-targeting natural products.
Journal Article
Genetic susceptibility and causal pathway analysis of eye disorders coexisting in multiple sclerosis
The comorbidity of optic neuritis with multiple sclerosis has been well recognized. However, the causal association between multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis, as well as other eye disorders, remains incompletely understood. To address these gaps, we investigated the genetically relationship between multiple sclerosis and eye disorders, and explored potential drugs.
In order to elucidate the genetic susceptibility and causal links between multiple sclerosis and eye disorders, we performed two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses to examine the causality between multiple sclerosis and eye disorders. Additionally, causal single-nucleotide polymorphisms were annotated and searched for expression quantitative trait loci data. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed to identify the possible mechanisms responsible for the eye disorders coexisting with multiple sclerosis. Potential therapeutic chemicals were also explored using the Cytoscape.
Mendelian randomization analysis revealed that multiple sclerosis increased the incidence of optic neuritis while reducing the likelihood of concurrent of cataract and macular degeneration. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis implicated that lymphocyte proliferation, activation and antigen processing as potential contributors to the pathogenesis of eye disorders coexisting with multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, pharmaceutical agents traditionally employed for allograft rejection exhibited promising therapeutic potential for the eye disorders coexisting with multiple sclerosis.
Multiple sclerosis genetically contributes to the development of optic neuritis while mitigating the concurrent occurrence of cataract and macular degeneration. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore additional mechanisms underlying the comorbidity of multiple sclerosis and eye disorders.
Journal Article
Clinical Medicine for Optometrists
Providing a solid foundation in clinical medicine for optometrists and optometry students, Clinical Medicine for Optometrists covers the systemic medical conditions that have serious impacts on ocular health and function, as well as the ocular exam findings that may be an early indication of significant systemic disease.
eBook