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Background/purpose. This article examines the challenges faced by Arab immigrant families in Sweden, specifically in terms of parenting, cultural identity, and educational involvement, in relation to family roles, social capital, and intergenerational relationships. It asks how families emigrating from the Middle East to Sweden negotiate their Arab culture while trying to adapt to the regulations of the new community and involvement in institutions such as the school. Materials/methods. Using a critical ethnographic approach and thematic analysis, the research draws on in-depth interviews with strategically selected participants, based on their immigration background, family roles, and duration of residence, as well as participant observation methods. Ethical standards included voluntary consent and cultural sensitivity throughout the study. Results. Findings indicate that Arab immigrant families in Sweden face complex, multi-layered education integration challenges relating to how traditional parenting norms may clash with Swedish institutional expectations and create emotional strain, a destabilization of family structures and weakened social cohesion. Parents can experience a significant erosion of social capital, which contributes to a sense of disempowerment and reduced involvement in education. Mothers emerged as key figures, using \"emotional capital\" to preserve cultural continuity and support integratio.n Conclusion. Emotional and social capital are critical to supporting children’s adaptation and sustaining family unity. The study highlights the significance of culturally responsive education policies and inclusive community-based programs in empowering immigrant families and fostering equitable integration through schools and the broader education system.

This study extends the growing literature of family instability by investigating the significance of its timing for children's social adjustment . We find that more than a third of the 1,364 elementary school children in the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development experienced some family structure change. Their cumulative level of family instability was associated with multiple indicators of social development at the end of elementary school, associations that were especially strong for boys. These associations were driven largely by the lasting effect of family change in early childhood, demonstrating the significance of early family instability for children's later social development.

This study analyzes displaced families’ disintegration amidst multifaceted crises in the Far North Region of Cameroon. The focus is on displaced families in four divisions where host communities along the border of Nigeria have fled Boko Haram, due to sociopolitical instability and environmental degradation. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses show how insecurity and precarity have resulted in disintegrating, dispersing and sometimes recomposing the traditional structure of the family institution by disrupting marriage traditions, gender roles and intergenerational relations. Such shifts in the family occurred as a result of the challenging contexts in their hometowns, during flight and after settling in the host towns. The findings demonstrate the effects of the multifaceted crises, which created intergenerational, but also inter- and intra-community rifts that are challenging to repair amidst mass distrust and continued insecurity. This study contributes especially to understanding how these crises affect family cohesion and intergenerational relations as part of dynamics of great social change.

Constantly increasing political events and socially related changes have led governments worldwide to adopt strategies to reduce their negative effects on the cohesion of societies, which requires developing assessment frameworks that include realistic, measurable, and useful indicators for analyzing the family disintegration causes, taking into consideration the circumstances surrounding the countries and the development trends that they adopt. Therefore, this study aims to identify and prioritize indicators of a decision-making support framework for evaluation, ranking, and structural comparison of the family disintegration causes resulting from the child marriage phenomenon in Yemen. To achieve this, the Fuzzy Delphi Method was applied. Firstly, a set of related literature and theories were analyzed to extract the expected framework's suitable initial indicators. Then, with the participation of twenty-four local experts, the extracted factors were revised, and the most suitable factors were selected. As a result, one social factor out of nine social-health factors was excluded due to its inappropriateness, and a framework of eight indicators was built. Also, with a rating average of 0.727, it was consistently agreed that the indicator \"Increasing divorce rates in marital cases that do not take place according to the common desire of the spouses\" is the most important indicator. Also, with high consistent evaluation averages (0.652–0.658), all three health indicators were ranked in the second and third places, while the other four social indicators were ranked in the last three positions (fourth–sixth). Finally, the real applications of the proposed framework were recommended.

Background Against the background that crystal methamphetamine (colloquially known as “tik”) is extensively used by the emerging working class Coloured youth in Cape Town, South Africa, this exploratory qualitative study was conducted to explore the experience of mothers whose children use methamphetamine. Methods The researchers conducted one-to-one semi-structured in-depth interviews with sixteen (16) purposively selected caregivers (mothers) whose sons use methamphetamine. Interviews were recorded and simultaneously translated and transcribed. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes related to the experiences of caregivers of youth with methamphetamine problems. Results Findings showed that youth misbehaviour provided a context that led to feelings of shame and embarrassment. Participants also experienced personal challenges which included emotional problems, fear and self-blame. Participants also expressed family disruptions and financial drain as adverse experiences as a results of their sons’ misbehaviour. Conclusion The study results highlight the psychosocial challenges for caregivers of children who use methamphetamine. These findings underscore the need for effort to be directed at the development of formal support interventions for mothers of youth who are troubled with addiction.

Telephone survey data obtained in 1990 from 1,500 US adults are drawn on to investigate the structure of intergenerational cohesion by examining social-psychological, structural, & transactional aspects of adult child-parent relations. Latent class analysis is used to develop a typology based on three underlying dimensions of intergenerational solidarity: affinity, opportunity structure, & function. The same five types are found for relations with both mothers & fathers: tight-knit, sociable, intimate but distant, obligatory, & detached. Relationship types are also differentiated by sociodemographic characteristics; relations with fathers & divorced parents tended to have the weakest cohesion. It is concluded that adult intergenerational relationships in US families are structurally diverse but generally possess the potential to serve member needs. 8 Tables, 1 Appendix, 96 References. Adapted from the source document.

As described in earlier articles, children whose parents have higher incomes and education levels are more likely to grow up in stable two-parent households than their economically disadvantaged counterparts. The widening gaps in fathers' involvement in parenting and in the quality and stability of parents' relationships may reinforce disparities in outcomes for the next generation. This article reviews evidence about the effectiveness of two strategies to strengthen fathers' involvement and family relationships—fatherhood programs aimed at disadvantaged noncustodial fathers and relationship skills programs for parents who are together. Fatherhood programs have shown some efficacy in increasing child support payments, while some relationship skills approaches have shown benefits for the couples' relationship quality, coparenting skills, fathers' engagement in parenting, and children's well-being. The research suggests that parents' relationship with each other should be a fundamental consideration in future programs aimed at increasing low-income fathers' involvement with their children.

Over time, public policy changes have strengthened the private child support system while reducing access to public support—welfare. Given the especially limited availability of public support, nonresident fathers' economic contributions through child support can play an important role in helping children to avoid poverty. In this article, the authors review evidence on nonresident fathers' ability to pay support, provide an overview of the way child support policies affect disadvantaged fathers, and propose new directions for child support policy. The authors argue that the current work-focused safety net, which aims to require and help to enable disadvantaged mothers to work, creates a context in which government should similarly require and help to enable all fathers, even those who are disadvantaged, to work and pay child support. However, reforms are needed to make this a realistic expectation, given many fathers' limited employment options and complex families.

This 2-part study uses national longitudinal interview data from parents and their adult children to examine the way in which predivorce marital conflict influences the impact of divorce on children. In the 1st study, we find that the dissolution of low-conflict marriages appears to have negative effects on offspring's lives, whereas the dissolution of high-conflict marriages appears to have beneficial effects. The dissolution of low-conflict marriages is associated with the quality of children's intimate relationships, social support from friends and relatives, and general psychological well-being. The 2nd study considers how parents in low-conflict marriages that end in divorce differ from other parents before divorce. We find that low-conflict parents who divorce are less integrated into the community, have fewer impediments to divorce, have more favorable attitudes toward divorce, are more predisposed to engage in risky behavior, and are less likely to have experienced a parental divorce.