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A series of Mo-doped ZnO photocatalysts with different Mo-dopant concentrations have been prepared by a grind- ing-calcination method. The structure of these photocatalysts was characterized by a variety of methods, including N2 physical adsorption, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, Fourier transform infrared （FT-IR） spectroscopy, photoluminescence （PL） emission spectroscopy, and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy （DRS）. It was found that Mo6＋ could enter into the crystal lattice of ZnO due to the radius of MO6＋ （0.065 nm） being smaller than that of Zn2＋ （0.083 nm）. XRD results indicated that Mo6＋ suppressed the growth of ZnO crystals. The FT-IR spectroscopy results showed that the ZnO with 2 wt.% Mo-doping has a higher level of surface hydroxyl groups than pure ZnO. PL spectroscopy indicated that ZnO with 2 wt.% Mo-doping also exhibited the largest reduction in the intensity of the emission peak at 390 nm caused by the recombi- nation of photogenerated hole-electron pairs. The activities of the Mo-doped ZnO photocatalysts were investigated in the pho- tocatalytic degradation of acid orange II under UV light （2 = 365 nm） irradiation. It was found that ZnO with 2 wt.% Mo-doping showed much higher photocatalytic activity and stability than pure ZnO. The high photocatalytic performance of the Mo-doped ZnO can be attributed to a great improvement in the surface properties of ZnO, higher crystallinity and lower recombination rate of photogenerated hole-electron （e-/h＋） pairs. Moreover, the undoped Mo species may exist in the form of MoO3 and form MoO3/ZnO heterojunctions which further favors the separation of e/h＋ pairs.

Novel insulin-loaded nanoparticles based on hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin modified carboxymethyl chitosan（CMC-HP-β-CD） were prepared to improve the oral bioavailability of insulin. The CMC-HP-β-CD was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy and 1H-NMR spectra. The insulin-loaded nanoparticles were prepared through crosslinking with calcium ions, and the morphology and size of the prepared nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and dynamic light scattering（DLS）. Cumulative release in vitro study was performed respectively in simulated gastric medium fluid（SGF, p H=1.2）, simulated intestinal fluid（SIF, p H=6.8） and simulated colonic fluid（SCF, p H=7.4）. The encapsulation efficiency of insulin was up to 87.14 ± 4.32% through high-performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）. Statistics indicated that only 15% of the encapsulated insulin was released from the CMC-HP-β-CD nanoparticles in 36 h in SGF, and about 50% of the insulin could be released from the nanoparticles in SIF, whereas more than 80% was released in SCF. In addition, the solution containing insulin nanoparticles could effectively reduce the blood glucose level of diabetic mice. The cytotoxicity test showed that the samples had no cytotoxicity. CMC-HP-β-CD nanoparticles are promising candidates as potential carriers in oral insulin delivery systems.

Water-soluble gelatin-PbS bionanocomposites （BNCs） were synthesized via a facile one-pot chemical reaction method at pH 7.40. The samples were characterized by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, UV-vis absorption spectra （UV-vis）, Fourier transform infrared spectra （FT-IR） and circular dichroism （CD）. FT-IR data were used to envis- age the binding of PbS particles with oxygen atoms of carbonyl groups of gelatin molecule. The possible integration mechanism between gelatin and PbS was discussed in detail. The effect of Pb2＋ and PbS on the conformations of gelatin has also been analyzed by means of UV-vis, CD and FT-IR spectra, resulting in less c~-helix content and more open structures （[3-sheet, r-turn, or expanded）. A new formula to calculate the association constant was proposed according to the relationship between the absorbance of gelatin-PbS BNCs and the free concentration of PbS, and apparent association constants K （298/303/308 K： 3.11/2.00/1.60 × 10^6 tool/L） at three different temperatures were calculated based on this formula. Thermodynamic parameters such as AG^θ, △Hθ and △S^θ were also determined. The results of the thermodynamic investigations indicated that the reaction was spontaneous （AG^θ 〈 0）, and enthalpy-driven （△H^8 〈 0）.

A series of novel copolymers were successfully synthesized by ring-opening polymerization （ROP） of 3 （S）-methyl-morpholine-2,5-dione （MMD） and 5-methyl-5-benzyloxycarbonyl-1,3-dioxan-2-one （MBC） using stan- nous octoate as catalyst. The copolymers were characterized by means of ~H-NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. Gel permeation chromatography （GPC） test shows that the average-number relative molecular mass and average-weight rela- tive molecular mass slightly increase with the increase of MBC content in feed. The results of differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） demonstrate that the glass transition temperature of copolymers increases with the increase of MBC content in copolymers. The copolymers of MMD and MBC are amorphous copolymers, as indicated by DSC results, while the homopolymer of MMD is semicrystalline.