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"Face Encyclopedias."
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Faces around the world : a cultural encyclopedia of the human face
\"This book provides a comprehensive examination of the human face, providing fascinating information from biological, cultural, and social perspectives\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Hierarchical Clustering With Prototypes via Minimax Linkage
Agglomerative hierarchical clustering is a popular class of methods for understanding the structure of a dataset. The nature of the clustering depends on the choice of linkage-that is, on how one measures the distance between clusters. In this article we investigate minimax linkage, a recently introduced but little-studied linkage. Minimax linkage is unique in naturally associating a prototype chosen from the original dataset with every interior node of the dendrogram. These prototypes can be used to greatly enhance the interpretability of a hierarchical clustering. Furthermore, we prove that minimax linkage has a number of desirable theoretical properties; for example, minimax-linkage dendrograms cannot have inversions (unlike centroid linkage) and is robust against certain perturbations of a dataset. We provide an efficient implementation and illustrate minimax linkage's strengths as a data analysis and visualization tool on a study of words from encyclopedia articles and on a dataset of images of human faces.
Journal Article
Human Infant Faces Provoke Implicit Positive Affective Responses in Parents and Non-Parents Alike
Human infants' complete dependence on adult caregiving suggests that mechanisms associated with adult responsiveness to infant cues might be deeply embedded in the brain. Behavioural and neuroimaging research has produced converging evidence for adults' positive disposition to infant cues, but these studies have not investigated directly the valence of adults' reactions, how they are moderated by biological and social factors, and if they relate to child caregiving. This study examines implicit affective responses of 90 adults toward faces of human and non-human (cats and dogs) infants and adults. Implicit reactions were assessed with Single Category Implicit Association Tests, and reports of childrearing behaviours were assessed by the Parental Style Questionnaire. The results showed that human infant faces represent highly biologically relevant stimuli that capture attention and are implicitly associated with positive emotions. This reaction holds independent of gender and parenthood status and is associated with ideal parenting behaviors.
Journal Article
Does Passive Facebook Use Promote Feelings of Social Connectedness?
Previous research has shown that passive social media use does not have the same positive effects on well-being as active social media use. However, it is currently unclear whether these effects can be attributed to the benefits of active use, the costs of passive use, or both. The current article investigated the effect of active and passive Facebook use on feelings of social connectedness after being ostracized. In two preregistered experiments, participants were first ostracized on a faux social media platform, followed by a measurement of social connectedness. In Experiment 1 they were then instructed to either use Facebook passively, use Facebook actively, or use a non-social website (Wikipedia), after which social connectedness was measured again. Results indicated that active Facebook use can restore social connectedness after being ostracized as compared to using a non-social website. While passive Facebook use also restored social connectedness, it did not change social connectedness significantly more so than Wikipedia use. In Experiment 2, we replicated Experiment 1, now focusing only on passive Facebook use compared to a non-social website. Results showed again that passive Facebook use did not influence social connectedness more so than the use of Wikipedia. In exploratory analyses, we found that for participants who felt close to other Facebook users, passive Facebook use did increase social connectedness compared to using a non-social website. These experiments suggest that, even though passive social media use does not restore social connectedness in the same way that active social media use does, it also does not harm social connectedness, and it may actually promote social connectedness under certain circumstances.
Journal Article
Mining half a billion topical experts across multiple social networks
Mining topical experts on social media is a problem that has gained significant attention due to its wide-ranging applications. Here we present the first study that combines data from four major social networks—Twitter, Facebook, Google+ and LinkedIn—along with the Wikipedia graph and Internet webpage text and metadata, to rank topical experts across the global population of users. We perform an in-depth analysis of 37 features derived from various data sources such as message text, user lists, webpages, social graphs and Wikipedia. This large-scale study includes more than 12 billion messages over a 90-day sliding window and 58 billion social graph edges. Comparison reveals that features derived from Twitter Lists, Wikipedia, Internet webpages and Twitter Followers are especially good indicators of expertise. We train an expertise ranking model using these features on a large ground-truth dataset containing almost 90,000 labels. This model is applied within a production system that ranks over 650 million experts in more than 9000 topical domains on a daily basis. We provide results and examples on the effectiveness of our expert ranking system, along with empirical validation. Finally, we make the topical expertise data available through open REST APIs for wider use.
Journal Article
Faces around the World: A Cultural Encyclopedia of the Human Face
Powell reviews Faces around the World: A Cultural Encyclopedia of the Human Face by Margo DeMello.
Book Review
U.S. News --- THE NUMBERS GUY: Computers Can See You -- If You Have a Mug Shot
In tests last year by researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, a U.S. government agency, facial-recognition software incorrectly said that two photos of the same person weren't a match less than 1% of the time. Adding more editors \"is one of our top priorities for the year,\" says Howie Fung, senior product manager for the Wikimedia Foundation, which aims to increase the number of editors across all languages of Wikipedia to 95,000 from 81,450 by June of next year.
Newspaper Article
Faces around the world: a cultural encyclopedia of the human face
Although this A-Z encyclopedia by [DeMello] (Central New Mexico Community College) has some interesting entries, the informational need that this book seeks to address is unclear; the volume is severely compromised by the lack of a clear agenda. Although it is framed as an international cultural encyclopedia about the human face, the rationale for the selection of topics is not evident. For example, why are \"Baptism\" and \"Sumptuary Laws\" included?
Book Review
Documents show Heritage Foundation plans to 'identify and target' Wikipedia editors
ONLINE PRIVACY The Heritage Foundation plans to \"identify and target\" volunteer editors on Wikipedia who it says are \"abusing their position\" by publishing content the group believes to be antisemitic, according to documents obtained by The Forward newspaper. Chaya Raichik, the Orthodox former real estate broker behind \"Libs of TikTok,\" has assailed Wikimedia's spending on diversity programming, for example. \"Doxxing,\" or unmasking the identity of anonymous editors in Wikipedia, violates the site's rules and can result in users being banned, according to site's guidelines.
Magazine Article
Faces around the World: A Cultural Encyclopedia of the Human Face
Arranged alphabetically from Acne to Warts, this encyclopedia deals with faces through history, how features express emotion, and major cultural beliefs and practices associated with faces. There is an introductory topical list followed by 132 entries covering biological aspects, social roles, disorders, folklore, beliefs, scarification, and cosmetic surgery.
Book Review