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Facet theory and the mapping sentence : evolving philosophy, use and application
\"How do we think about the worlds we live in? The formation of categories of events and objects seems to be a fundamental orientation procedure. Facet theory and its main tool, the mapping sentence, deal with categories of behavior and experience, their interrelationship, and their unification as our worldviews. In this book Hackett reviews philosophical writing along with neuroscientific research and information form other disciplines to provide a context for facet theory and the qualitative developments in this approach. With a variety of examples, the author proposes mapping sentences as a new way of understanding and defining complex behavior\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Análise da estrutura classificatória dos portfólios de projetos da Embrapa: uma aplicação da Teoria da Classificação Facetada
Este artigo apresenta a aplicabilidade dos fundamentos teóricos provenientes da Teoria da Classificação Facetada para as atividades relacionadas à construção de modelos de domínios de conhecimento. Para tanto, tem como campo empírico os projetos de pesquisa da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa em Agropecuária, organizados por meio de portfólios que abrangem as principais áreas de atuação da empresa a partir de uma classificação temática baseada em objetivos estratégicos. A partir de uma abordagem qualitativa, aplica-se o postulado das categorias numa amostra de onze portfólios – de um total de trinta e quatro –, selecionados a partir da possibilidade de acesso aos projetos de pesquisa vinculados, bem como a um conjunto de documentos institucionais utilizados como fonte de informação na análise. Após um exercício de categorização dos portfólios a partir das categorias fundamentais propostas por Ranganathan – Personalidade, Matéria, Energia, Espaço e Tempo –, pôde-se perceber que não há um princípio norteador único na base classificatória dos portfólios e que coexistem diferentes princípios, embora isso não esteja explicitado. A análise demonstrou que existem portfólios relacionados às categorias Personalidade, Matéria e Energia. Conclui-se que a Teoria da Classificação Facetada se mostra útil e relevante em diferentes contextos, visto que possibilita um raciocínio lógico para a criação de classes e subclasses num sistema de conceitos, o que independe da materialidade do objeto, pois se situa no chamado Plano das Ideias. Logo, mostra-se essencial para a construção de modelos de domínios de conhecimento.
Journal Article
AIFloodSense: A Global Aerial Imagery Dataset for Semantic Segmentation and Understanding of Flooded Environments
Accurate flood detection is critical for disaster response, yet the scarcity of diverse annotated datasets hinders robust model development. Existing resources typically suffer from limited geographic scope and insufficient annotation granularity, restricting the generalization capabilities of computer vision methods. To bridge this gap, we introduce AIFloodSense, a comprehensive evaluation benchmark designed to advance domain-generalized Artificial Intelligence for climate resilience. The dataset comprises 470 high-resolution aerial images capturing 230 distinct flood events across 64 countries and six continents. Unlike prior benchmarks, AIFloodSense ensures exceptional global diversity and temporal relevance (2022–2024), supporting three complementary tasks: (i) Image Classification, featuring novel sub-tasks for environment type, camera angle, and continent recognition; (ii) Semantic Segmentation, providing precise pixel-level masks for flood, sky, buildings, and background; and (iii) Visual Question Answering (VQA), enabling natural language reasoning for disaster assessment. We provide baseline benchmarks for all tasks using state-of-the-art architectures, demonstrating the dataset’s complexity and its utility in fostering robust AI tools for environmental monitoring. Crucially, we show that despite its compact size, AIFloodSense enables better generalization on external test sets than much larger alternatives, validating the premise that rigorous diversity is more effective than scale for training robust flood detection models, and is made publicly available to accelerate further research in the field.
Journal Article
Unifying Faceted Search and Analytics over RDF Knowledge Graphs
The formulation of analytical queries over Knowledge Graphs in RDF is a challenging task that presupposes familiarity with the syntax of the corresponding query languages and the contents of the graph. To alleviate this problem, we introduce a model for aiding users in formulating analytic queries over complex, i.e., not necessarily star schema-based, RDF Knowledge Graphs. To come up with an intuitive interface, we leverage the familiarity of users with Faceted Search systems. In particular, we start from a general model for Faceted Search over RDF data, and we extend it with actions that enable users to formulate analytic queries, too. Thus, the proposed model can be used not only for formulating analytic queries but also for exploratory purposes, i.e., for locating the desired resources in a Faceted Search manner. We describe the model from various perspectives, i.e., (1) we propose a generic user interface for intuitively analyzing RDF Knowledge Graphs, (2) we define formally the state space of the interaction model and the required algorithms for producing the user interface actions, (3) we present an implementation of the model that showcases its feasibility, and (4) we discuss the results of an evaluation with users that provides evidence for the acceptance of the method by users. Apart from being intuitive for end users, another distinctive characteristic of the proposed model is that it allows the gradual formulation of complex analytic queries (including nested ones).
Journal Article
Migrating a complex classification scheme to the semantic web: expressing the Integrative Levels Classification using SKOS RDF
PurposeThe Integrative Levels Classification (ILC) is a comprehensive “freely faceted” knowledge organization system not previously expressed as SKOS (Simple Knowledge Organization System). This paper reports and reflects on work converting the ILC to SKOS representation.Design/methodology/approachThe design of the ILC representation and the various steps in the conversion to SKOS are described and located within the context of previous work considering the representation of complex classification schemes in SKOS. Various issues and trade-offs emerging from the conversion are discussed. The conversion implementation employed the STELETO transformation tool.FindingsThe ILC conversion captures some of the ILC facet structure by a limited extension beyond the SKOS standard. SPARQL examples illustrate how this extension could be used to create faceted, compound descriptors when indexing or cataloguing. Basic query patterns are provided that might underpin search systems. Possible routes for reducing complexity are discussed.Originality/valueComplex classification schemes, such as the ILC, have features which are not straight forward to represent in SKOS and which extend beyond the functionality of the SKOS standard. The ILC's facet indicators are modelled as rdf:Property sub-hierarchies that accompany the SKOS RDF statements. The ILC's top-level fundamental facet relationships are modelled by extensions of the associative relationship – specialised sub-properties of skos:related. An approach for representing faceted compound descriptions in ILC and other faceted classification schemes is proposed.
Journal Article
Principles of and Approaches to Technology Classification
This article considers various approaches to classifying technologies, including hierarchical and multiaspect systems. The advantages and disadvantages of hierarchical classifiers are analyzed, and their complexity and difficulties with adaptation to new and interdisciplinary technologies are emphasized. Multi-aspect classifications that take into account such features as the scope of application, resource provision, the state of automation, scientific potential, purpose, and level of development of technologies are discussed. Particular attention is paid to classifications based on the scale of technological areas (meso-, micro-, nano-, pico-, and femtotechnologies) and the types of objects with which they interact (physical, information, cognitive, and biomedical technologies). The concept of convergent technologies is presented, as well as various abbreviations denoting their cores (NBIC, GRAIN, BRIC, CIMT, and others). A new cross-classification of technologies is proposed based on the RGB color model, where each color symbolizes a certain characteristic of the technology: environmental friendliness (green), intelligence (blue), and riskiness (red).
Journal Article
Faceted Classification: Management and Use
The paper discusses issues related to the use of faceted classifications in an online environment. The author argues that knowledge organization systems can be fully utilized in information retrieval only if they are exposed and made available for machine processing. The experience with classification automation to date may be used to speed up and ease the conversion of existing faceted schemes or the creation of management tools for new systems. The author suggests that it is possible to agree on a set of functional requirements for supporting faceted classifications online that are equally relevant for the maintenance of classifications, the creation of classification indexing tools, or the management of classifications in an authority file. It is suggested that a set of requirements for analytico-synthetic classifications may be put forward to improve standards for the use and exchange of knowledge organization systems.
Journal Article
Classifying Musical Genres. Building Musical Form and Genre into BCC: Repurposing LCGFT Terms for Music into the Basic Concepts Classification
We investigate how the Basic Concepts Classification (BCC) can best incorporate schedules addressing musical form, genre, and type. We show that the synthetic possibilities within the BCC facilitate the classification of form/genre/type. In particular, many challenges identified in the literature on musical classification are addressed. The BCC also serves to make evident various connections between music and other schedules in BCC.
Journal Article
A Faceted Classification as the Basis of a Faceted Terminology: Conversion of a Classified Structure to Thesaurus Format in the Bliss Bibliographic Classification, 2nd Edition
Facet analysis is an established methodology for building classifications and subject indexing systems, but has been less rigorously applied to thesauri. The process of creating a compatible thesaurus from the schedules of the Bliss Bibliographic Classification 2nd edition highlights the ways in which the conceptual relationships in a subject field are handled in the two types of retrieval languages. An underlying uniformity of theory is established, and the way in which software can manage the relationships is discussed. The manner of displaying verbal expressions of concepts (vocabulary control) is also considered, but is found to be less well controlled in the classification than in the thesaurus. Nevertheless, there is good reason to think that facet analysis provides a sound basis for structuring a variety of knowledge organization tools.
Journal Article
Faceted classification in web information architecture
Develops and implements a faceted classification structure to improve web information organization, access and navigability. Uses detailed examples to show how classifying and organizing information in multidimensional hierarchies is more accessible than simple one-dimensional taxonomic hierarchies. Source: National Library of New Zealand Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, licensed by the Department of Internal Affairs for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand Licence.
Journal Article