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Effects of Serelaxin in Patients with Acute Heart Failure
In a randomized trial, 6545 patients with acute heart failure were assigned to either serelaxin or placebo in addition to standard care. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the incidence of death from cardiovascular causes at 180 days or worsening heart failure at 5 days.
Journal Article
Dapagliflozin in Heart Failure with Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction
In a trial involving patients with heart failure and a mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction, dapagliflozin reduced the risk of worsening heart failure or cardiovascular death.
Journal Article
To forgive design : understanding failure
This book argues that failures in structural engineering are not necessarily due to the physical design of the structures, but instead a misunderstanding of how cultural and socioeconomic constraints would affect the structures.
Book
Poster 334: Failure Rates and Complications with Multiple-Revision ACL Reconstruction: Don’t Forget the Over-The-Top Technique
Objectives:
Multiple-revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R) presents several technical challenges, often due to residual hardware, tunnel widening, or malposition. The aim of this study was to compare complication rates between over-the-top (OTT) and anteromedial portal drilling (AMD) techniques in patients undergoing multiple-revision ACL-R.
Methods:
A retrospective cohort study comprised of patients undergoing multiple-revision ACL-R was performed by four sports medicine fellowship trained surgeons in a single institute. Patients with two or more revision ACL-Rs performed with the OTT or AMD techniques were included. Data on patient demographics, graft characteristics, number of revisions, concomitant procedures, complications (arthrofibrosis, septic arthritis, cyclops lesion), and failures were collected. Between- group comparisons of continuous and categorical variables were conducted with independent samples t- tests and Fisher’s exact or the chi-squared test, respectively. Level of significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results:
A total of 101 patients undergoing multiple revision ACL-R with OTT (n=37, 37%) and AMD (n=64, 63%) techniques were identified. The mean follow-up period was 60 months (range: 12-196). No statistically significant differences were found in age, gender, body mass index, laterality, or follow-up length (p > 0.05, Table 1) between the groups. Allograft was the most frequently used graft (n=64, 67.3%) with no significant differences between groups in terms of graft diameter. There were no statistically significant differences between groups regarding rate of concurrent medial meniscus, lateral meniscus, cartilage, or lateral extra-articular tenodesis procedures (p > 0.05; Table 2). As displayed in Table 3, there was also no statistically significant difference in complication rate (OTT: n=2 (5.4%); AMD: n=8 (13%); p > 0.05) or graft failure rate (OTT: n=4 (11%); AMD: n=14 (22%); p > 0.05) between groups.
Conclusions:
The results of this study showed notably elevated failure and complication rates in challenging multiple-revision ACL-R. Complication and failure rates were lower in the OTT compared to the AMD technique, however, there were no significant between group differences in these outcomes. In the setting of multiple-revision ACL-R, surgeons may consider the use of the OTT technique.
Journal Article
Cardiac-Resynchronization Therapy in Heart Failure with a Narrow QRS Complex
In a randomized trial, patients with heart failure and a QRS duration of less than 130 msec were assigned to cardiac-resynchronization therapy (CRT) or no CRT. There were no significant differences in rates of death from any cause or hospitalization for heart failure.
Despite recent advances, heart failure remains a common cause of death and morbidity. According to current guidelines, cardiac-resynchronization therapy (CRT) is indicated for patients receiving stable medical therapy recommended by current guidelines who have moderate-to-severe heart failure, a left ventricular ejection fraction of 35% or less, and a QRS duration of 120 msec or more as assessed electrocardiographically.
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However, many patients with heart failure have a QRS duration of less than 120 msec,
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and it is currently not recommended that they receive CRT. Up to 50% of these patients show echocardiographic evidence of ventricular dyssynchrony
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,
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and hence might benefit . . .
Journal Article
The science of a bridge collapse
\"This book discusses the science behind bridge collapses and their effects. The chapters examine historical bridge collapses, explain how bridges are designed and built, and show how scientists and engineers are working to prevent future collapses. Diagrams, charts, and photos provide opportunities to evaluate and understand the scientific concepts involved.\"--Publisher's website.
Book
Serelaxin, recombinant human relaxin-2, for treatment of acute heart failure (RELAX-AHF): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Summary Background Serelaxin, recombinant human relaxin-2, is a vasoactive peptide hormone with many biological and haemodynamic effects. In a pilot study, serelaxin was safe and well tolerated with positive clinical outcome signals in patients with acute heart failure. The RELAX-AHF trial tested the hypothesis that serelaxin-treated patients would have greater dyspnoea relief compared with patients treated with standard care and placebo. Methods RELAX-AHF was an international, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, enrolling patients admitted to hospital for acute heart failure who were randomly assigned (1:1) via a central randomisation scheme blocked by study centre to standard care plus 48-h intravenous infusions of placebo or serelaxin (30 μg/kg per day) within 16 h from presentation. All patients had dyspnoea, congestion on chest radiograph, increased brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) or N-terminal prohormone of BNP, mild-to-moderate renal insufficiency, and systolic blood pressure greater than 125 mm Hg. Patients, personnel administering study drug, and those undertaking study-related assessments were masked to treatment assignment. The primary endpoints evaluating dyspnoea improvement were change from baseline in the visual analogue scale area under the curve (VAS AUC) to day 5 and the proportion of patients with moderate or marked dyspnoea improvement measured by Likert scale during the first 24 h, both analysed by intention to treat. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT00520806. Findings 1161 patients were randomly assigned to serelaxin (n=581) or placebo (n=580). Serelaxin improved the VAS AUC primary dyspnoea endpoint (448 mm × h, 95% CI 120–775; p=0·007) compared with placebo, but had no significant effect on the other primary endpoint (Likert scale; placebo, 150 patients [26%]; serelaxin, 156 [27%]; p=0·70). No significant effects were recorded for the secondary endpoints of cardiovascular death or readmission to hospital for heart failure or renal failure (placebo, 75 events [60-day Kaplan-Meier estimate, 13·0%]; serelaxin, 76 events [13·2%]; hazard ratio [HR] 1·02 [0·74–1·41], p=0·89] or days alive out of the hospital up to day 60 (placebo, 47·7 [SD 12·1] days; serelaxin, 48·3 [11·6]; p=0·37). Serelaxin treatment was associated with significant reductions of other prespecified additional endpoints, including fewer deaths at day 180 (placebo, 65 deaths; serelaxin, 42; HR 0·63, 95% CI 0·42–0·93; p=0·019). Interpretation Treatment of acute heart failure with serelaxin was associated with dyspnoea relief and improvement in other clinical outcomes, but had no effect on readmission to hospital. Serelaxin treatment was well tolerated and safe, supported by the reduced 180-day mortality. Funding Corthera, a Novartis affiliate company.
Journal Article