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Eleven-year-olds Luis and Maura investigate the cause of a long-term, city-wide power outage in Hampton, New Jersey. Includes facts about electric power and instructions for assembling an emergency kit.
Book
Family Decision Making Power and Women’s Marital Satisfaction
Using the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data, we examine the relationship between family decision-making power and women’s marital satisfaction. Interestingly, this paper reveals that overall, there is a negative association between women’s family decision-making power and marital satisfaction. However, some heterogeneities exist: the negative association is found among women with less education (income), and constrained by Confucian family ethics, but no association is found for women from higher socioeconomic backgrounds. Women from more traditional and economically disadvantaged backgrounds are conflicted by the prospect of breaking existing social norms designated for them. Therefore, when operating outside the traditional norms to become family decision-makers, their marital satisfaction is reduced.
Journal Article
Integrating Data on Ethnicity, Geography, and Conflict: The Ethnic Power Relations Data Set Family
This article introduces the new Family of Ethnic Power Relations (EPR) data sets, version 2014, which is the latest in a series of data sets on ethnicity that have stimulated civil war research in the past decade. The EPR Family provides data on ethnic groups' access to state power, their settlement patterns, links to rebel organizations, transborder ethnic kin relations, and intraethnic cleavages. The new 2014 version does not only extend the data set's temporal coverage from 2009 to 2013, but it also offers several new features, such as a new measure of regional autonomy that is independent of national-level executive power and a new data set component coding intraethnic identities and cleavages. Moreover, for the first time, detailed documentation of the EPR data is provided through the EPR Atlas. This article presents these novelties in detail and compares the EPR Family 2014 to the most relevant alternative data sets on ethnicity.
Journal Article
Chinese people aged over 60 and intergenerational family cohabitation: A moderated mediation model of role perception, resources, gender, family power
We explored whether the perception of older adults of their role in the family mediated the relationship between resource contribution and sense of power, and if this relationship was moderated by gender. For data collection we adopted a stratified sampling method to recruit 1,200 Chinese
people aged over 60 years who were living in intergenerational cohabitation with their adult children in Mengzhou City, China. The results showed that the family role perception of older adults mediated the relationship between their resources (including housing ownership and income level
relative to that of their adult children) and their family decision-making power. Further, gender moderated the influence of resources on role perception, in that the relationships among housing ownership, relative income level, and role perception tended to be stronger for men than for women.
The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Journal Article
Family Responsibility Discrimination, Power Distance, and Emotional Exhaustion: When and Why are There Gender Differences in Work-Life Conflict?
As men take on more family responsibilities over time, with women still shouldering considerably more childcare and housework, an important ethical matter facing organizations is that of providing a supportive environment to foster employee well-being and balance between work and family. Using conservation of resources theory, this multi-source study examines the association between perceived family responsibility discrimination and work-life conflict as mediated by emotional exhaustion. Employee gender and power distance values are tested as moderators of the perceived family responsibility discrimination to emotional exhaustion relationship. Results suggest that male employees who perceive family responsibility discrimination from their supervisor and hold high power distance values experience increased emotional exhaustion and work-life conflict. Female workers who perceive family responsibility discrimination from their supervisor experience increased emotional exhaustion and work-life conflict regardless of whether they have high or low power distance. Findings are consistent with theory-based predictions from conservation of resources theory: resources that are valued and not provided in the work context deplete emotional energies and ultimately trigger work-life conflict. Findings build on the work-life literature by introducing gender and power distance as factors that shape when employees feel the draining eifects of family responsibility discrimination.
Journal Article
Family Members’ Salience in Family Business: An Identity-Based Stakeholder Approach
The paper builds on the stakeholder salience framework and applies a social identity approach to explain family firm dynamics and how these could impact on family firm governance and ethics. In particular, we consider the family as the main stakeholder for family firms and we refer to the recent approaches to stakeholder theory based on ‘names-and-faces’ and on social identity to focus on family members at the individual and organizational level. Family businesses offer an opportunity to study stakeholder salience in settings with multiple logics. Our paper acknowledges how the attributes of legitimacy, power and status, for family business members, can derive from three different institutional settings (family, business and local community) and how these attributes are assigned and gained by family members on the basis of the stakes they put (or could put) on the business. From the analysis of these dynamics specific ethical considerations emerge.
Journal Article
Family Wealth and the Class Ceiling
In this article we demonstrate that those from working-class backgrounds face a powerful ‘class ceiling’ in elite occupations. Examining how class origin shapes economic returns in the Norwegian upper class (3.8% of the population), we first find that the income advantage enjoyed by those from privileged backgrounds increases sharply as they ascend the income distribution in both elite business and cultural fields. Second, we show that those from economically upper-class backgrounds enjoy the highest pay advantage in all upper-class destinations. Finally, we demonstrate the profound propulsive power provided by parental wealth. Our results indicate that this is the most important single driver of the class-origin income gap in virtually every area of the Norwegian upper class. These findings move forward an emerging literature on class-origin pay gaps beyond mean estimates to reveal the distinct ‘pay-off’ to class privilege in the very highest income-earning positions.
Journal Article
Spirituality and Corporate Philanthropy in Indian Family Firms: An Exploratory Study
Family firm philanthropy (FFP) is the donation of resources to support societal betterment in ways meaningful for the controlling family. Family business literature suggests that socioemotional goals of achieving family prominence, harmony, and continuity drive FFP. However, these drivers fail to explain spiritually motivated philanthropic behaviors like anonymous giving by business families. 14 case studies of Indian Hindu business families with a combined FFP exceeding 2 billion INR in 2016-17 reveal spirituality or the moral dimension as an additional important driver of corporate behaviors like FFP. Two fundamental spiritual beliefs of dharma (duty towards society) and karma (right to action without expectation of rewards) instill a duty-bound giving culture in Hindus. However, the strength of each belief varies in controlling families revealing four configurations of philanthropists labeled as Devout, Committed, Devoid, and Coerced in this study. Devouts, the biggest givers, are spiritually motivated, controlled by at least third-generation family members with executive power and professional support. Committed philanthropists are motivated by societal development rather than spirituality. While devoids hold spiritual beliefs, they neglect to devote appropriate resources or develop professional structures to support FFP. Coerced, the smallest givers, focus on business growth, lack family champions or supporting professional structures, and face turbulent family or business domains.
Journal Article
The power of the family
We study the importance of family ties on economic behavior. We define our measure of family ties using individual responses from the World Value Survey (WVS) regarding the role of the family and the love and respect that children are expected to have for their parents in 81 countries. We show that with strong family ties home production is higher and families larger, labor force participation of women and youngsters, and geographical mobility lower. To assess causality, we look at the behavior of second generation immigrants. Our results overall indicate a significant influence of the strength of family ties on economic outcomes.
Journal Article