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In limbo
Ever since Deborah (Jung-Jin) Lee emigrated from South Korea to the United States, she's felt her otherness. For a while, her English wasn't perfect. Her teachers can't pronounce her Korean name. Her face and her eyes--especially her eyes--feel wrong. In high school, everything gets harder. Friendships change and end, she falls behind in classes, and fights with her mom escalate. Caught in limbo, with nowhere safe to go, Deb finds her mental health plummeting, resulting in a suicide attempt. But Deb is resilient and slowly heals with the help of art and self-care, guiding her to a deeper understanding of her heritage and herself.
Book
Parental involvement in education during middle school: Perspectives of ethnically diverse parents, teachers, and students
Maintaining productive partnerships between families and schools is more complex when youth enter middle school. A systematic and inclusive understanding of the strategies parents use, youth want and need, and teachers' desire is needed to broaden our conceptualization and deepen our understanding of parental involvement in education. The authors captured the voices of 3 primary stakeholders in education (i.e., parents, teachers, and students) to identify the goals for parental involvement in education, identify consistencies across stakeholders in the conceptualizations of parental involvement in education, and deepen our understanding of the types of involvement that matter for adolescents. The study used grounded-theory analysis of 20 focus groups, with ethnically diverse parents, youth, and teachers (N = 150), along with quantitative indicators of involvement and interactions with schools. From these analyses scaffolding independence, linking education to future success, and communication emerged as the most consistent strategies for promoting achievement. Conceptualizations of home-based involvement were broadened. Ethnic variations in the general experiences of families at school were highlighted.
Journal Article
Families' perception of children's academic performance during the COVID-19 lockdown
La situación generada por el obligado confinamiento a la sociedad por la COVID-19 ha llevado, en muchos países, a cambios en los hábitos de vida que han generado numerosos estudios para conocer los efectos de esta nueva situación social. Un importante cambio fue la digitalización del trabajo y, por ende, de la enseñanza, provocando la inmersión forzada en una educación escolar a distancia de una manera abrupta. Se realizó un estudio empleando metodología cuantitativa y basado en un diseño ex post facto, con el objetivo de analizar el impacto que ha tenido el confinamiento por COVID-19 en el desempeño de los escolares (de 3 a 12 años de edad). Un total de 529 participantes completaron el cuestionario CIEN (Cuestionario sobre el Impacto Educativo en la Infancia) sobre impacto educativo de la COVID-19 en sus hijas e hijos escolarizados en España. Los resultados arrojaron un modelo robusto basado en ecuaciones estructurales que explicó el 39,7% de la varianza en el desempeño escolar en casa, siendo la relación familia-escuela, la variable que reveló mayor peso explicativo (ß=.505; p<.05). En conclusión, los beneficios derivados de una relación entre la familia y la escuela, patente en el establecimiento de lazos de comunicación y cooperación, facilitan el afrontamiento de retos educativos compartidos tales como la educación a distancia en tiempos de COVID-19.
Journal Article
\Alignment-Plus\: alignment with schooling requirements and cultural-bridging among indigenous middle-class parents
Education research demonstrates that positive and trusting family/school relationships support academic achievement but for many Indigenous parents in Canada legacies of residential schooling have made it difficult to develop strong bonds with schools and teachers. Drawing on interviews with 69 Indigenous parents and eight non-Indigenous parents of children who identify as Indigenous from two Canadian provinces, this study explores the intersection between family/school relationships and social class, and highlights distinct ways that middle-class Indigenous parents are involved in schooling. Shifting from a \"deficit\" approach to a \"strength based\" approach highlights existing resources and capacities among those who are comfortable and familiar with navigating the education system while also creating prospects to build on that capacity to empower others who are less familiar/comfortable.
Journal Article
The Inclusion of Students With Disabilities: Challenges for Italian Teachers During the Covid‐19 Pandemic
In March 2020 all schools in Italy were closed due to the Covid‐19 pandemic, and the novelty of distance learning was introduced. During the 2020–2021 school year, pre‐primary and primary schooling was carried out in situ, while secondary education was re‐organized into a mixed system, with students spending 50% of their time attending classes from home, in distance learning. This reconfiguration was a challenge to students, teachers, and parents, affecting the learning experience of the most vulnerable students and students with disabilities, particularly. It necessarily brought into question Italy’s “progressive” legal framework for “school inclusion.” The scope of the present article is to analyze the teaching activities carried out with students with disabilities in Italy during the first wave of the emergency lockdown and their consequent challenges for school inclusiveness. An overview of the Italian inclusive model in education and the national measures adopted to guarantee the right to education during times of school closure/restriction is outlined. We have sought to test the hypothesis that distance learning may introduce many risks for inclusion (resulting in a “downgrading inclusion,” that is, a decline of the level of inclusion already reached for students with disabilities), but it may also present an improvement in how teachers address these students and their needs. To this end, after reporting data from the available studies on this target, we provide insights from a web questionnaire submitted to a non‐probabilistic sample of nearly 150 primary and (lower and upper) secondary school teachers. Results showcase that, though with a general worsening of school inclusion, in some cases, teachers were actually able to support students with disabilities and their families in a new, customized, empathetic, and more attentive manner.
Journal Article
Participación de las familias en los centros de secundaria, de lo institucional a lo transformador
Este artículo tiene como objetivo abordar la participación en los centros de educación secundaria en Castilla La-Mancha, específicamente, desde las voces y vivencias de las familias. Se expone, la parte de la investigación referida a la participación de las familias en los centros de secundaria en función del hábitat, respondiendo a las siguientes cuestiones: ¿Qué vivencias tienen las familias en relación con la participación? ¿Cómo definen, las familias, la participación en los centros educativos de secundaria? y ¿Cómo se da el salto de lo teórico a la participación real de las familias en los centros de secundaria?. Para ello, se plantea un análisis descriptivo de los resultados de cuestionarios aplicados con una muestra aleatoria de familias 582 sujetos pertenecientes a familias de 60 centros educativos, siguiendo una metodología integradora. Como resultados, se destaca la importancia de la participación familiar en los centros educativos avalada por la legislación y acorde a las percepciones de las propias familias. Y se pone en cuestión la cultura de la participación, así como las brechas entre la participación formal y la participación real en las comunidades educativas. La propuesta desvela la importancia de crear alianzas entre familias e instituciones de educación secundaria para generar ciudadanía más crítica y proactiva.
Journal Article
Strengthening School-Family Collaboration : An Evaluation of the Family Referral Service in Four Australian Schools
This study evaluates the capacity of a school-based family referral service to support school personnel in connecting at-risk students with appropriate community agencies. Through a partnership between New South Wales government departments and a not-for-profit counselling organisation, the family referral service was piloted at four regional, government schools. In phase 1 of the mixed methods evaluation, 135 students completed an online version of the Student Engagement Instrument. In phase 2, 32 primary and secondary teachers participated in four focus groups. Four principals and 19 key stakeholders participated in individual, semi-structured interviews. Findings showed the service increased the schools' capacity to manage students who were at risk of underachievement and poorer educational outcomes and reduced the workload of principals and teachers. While high Student Engagement Instrument subscale scores were obtained for extrinsic motivation and relationships with teachers, family support for learning received the lowest scores. Recommendations for the wider promotion of school-family partnerships focusing on locating flexible, family referral services within schools are discussed. [Author abstract]
Journal Article
ECE Program Supports and Teacher-Perceived Support from Families: Are They Connected?
According to the Conservation of Resources theory of stress, early care and education (ECE) teachers who receive greater tangible and interpersonal supports from their workplaces will be more positive and effective in their roles. This may translate to them perceiving or eliciting greater support from families, which is a key component to family engagement, a growing area of study in the ECE landscape. This study explores whether four program-level supports (benefits, professional development supports, teacher social supports, program-level family involvement activities) are associated with teacher-perceived support from families. The hypothesis was that all four will be positively associated. This study uses survey data from 102 preschool teachers and 13 preschool program directors in urban areas of two US states. We use ordinary least squares regression with cluster-robust standard errors and a stepwise build-up modeling procedure to determine associations between independent and dependent variables. While teacher social supports had the expected positive association with teacher-perceived support from families, family involvement activities were negatively associated. Our findings suggest that programs looking to improve family engagement may consider interpersonal/cultural supports for teachers and the larger school community. All else equal, simply offering more family involvement activities may not improve engagement culture.
Journal Article
Avoiding Us versus Them
As privilege-dependent organizations, U.S. public schools have an interest in catering to higher-SES White families. But, what happens when privileged families’interests conflict with schools’ stated goals? Focusing on the case of homework, and drawing insights from organizational theory, cultural capital theory, and research on parent involvement in schools, I examine how schools’ dependence on higher-SES White families influences their enforcement of rules. Using a longitudinal, ethnographic study of one socioeconomically diverse public elementary school, I find that teachers wanted to enforce homework rules, but they worried doing so would lead to conflict with the higher-SES White “helicopter” parents, on whom they relied most for support. Thus, teachers selectively enforced rules, using evidence of “helicopter” parenting to determine which students “deserved” leeway and lenience. Those decisions, in turn, contributed to inequalities in teachers’ punishment and evaluation of students. Broadly, these findings suggest privilege-dependence leads schools to appease privileged families, even when those actions contradict the school’s stated goals. These findings also challenge standard policy assumptions about parent involvement and homework, and they suggest policies aimed at reducing the power of privilege are necessary for lessening inequalities in school.
Journal Article