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Furley the monkey confronts one animal after another as he tries to find out who hit him with dung while he was minding his own business.

Literature is full of things-autonomous, historical things which speak in their own language of thingness. This thing theory essay by Alex Prong demonstrates how literary things afford a propinquity to the past and the dead that is unique in its sensuous materiality and essential for the study of history. Prong discusses the practice of situating oneself among the imaginary things of literary fiction, demonstrates how one can come to understand the dead body as constituted among the order of imaginary things, and discusses the encyclopedic form. Through this theoretical analysis, Prong also provides a (brief) encyclopedia of materiality as it is presented in Hazel Jane Plante's 2019 novel Little Blue Encyclopedia (For Vivian).

Bob McGrew, the head keeper at the zoo, loves his job -- except when he has to clean up the poo! One day, the iguana leaves behind something that catches the attention of the entire town -- and a poo museum owner -- and ends up making Bob's messy job a lot easier!

A deeper understanding of the microbiome could help inform individualised treatment for animals and, in the use of faecal microbiota transplantation, a practical application of such knowledge already exists.

The aim of this study is to determine the efficiency of Forsythia suspense extract (FSE) as an antibiotics substitute on performance, nutrient digestibility, serum antioxidant capacity, fecal Escherichia coli concentration and intestinal morphology of weaned piglets. A total of 108 Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire) weaned piglets (28 days (d) weaned, average body weight of 8.68 ± 1.36 kg) were randomly assigned into three dietary treatments, six pens per treatment, three barrows and three gilts per pen. The treatments contained a corn-soybean meal basal diet (CTR), an antibiotic diet (basal diet + 75 mg/kg chlortetracycline; CTC), and an FSE diet (basal diet + 200 mg/kg FSE; FSE). The experiment included phase 1 (d 1 to 14), phase 2 (d 15 to 28) and phase 3 (d 29 to 35). Compared with CTR, piglets fed FSE show improved (p < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake in phase 2, as well as enhanced (p < 0.05) ADG from day 15 to 35 and day 1 to 28. Piglets supplemented with CTC and FSE showed a reduced (p < 0.05) diarrhea rate in phase 1, while piglets fed FSE showed enhanced (p < 0.05) apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and gross energy, as well as lower (p < 0.05) nitrogen output in phase 2 compared with CTR and CTC. The content in the form of Colony-Forming Units (CFUs) of fecal E. coli on day 14 and 28 was lower (p < 0.05) in piglets fed FSE in comparison with CTR. The contents of total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase and catalase in serum are enhanced (p < 0.05) compared with CTR and CTC, whereas the concentration of malondialdehyde in serum was decreased (p < 0.05) for piglets fed FSE on day 28 compared with CTC. The villus height to crypt depth ratio in ileum was numerically higher (p < 0.05) in piglets fed FSE in comparison with CTR. In conclusion, dietary FSE supplementation could substitute CTC in improving antioxidant capacity, nutrients digestibility and reducing fecal E. coli content, so as to reduce nitrogen output and diarrhea rate, and eventually improve performance in weaned piglets.

This dissertation examines excrement as a literary and rhetorical device of imaginative discursive possibilities in modern Japanese literature. Given the ambivalent status of excrement as both stigmatized as well as a source of fascination, excremental rhetoric has the unique potential to illuminate the multiplicity of discourses – aesthetics, body politics, ideology, and diachronic socio-cultural conditions – that play out within Japanese literary production over the course of the twentieth century. Challenging the dominant tendency in both Western and Japanese scholarship to read the excremental through a given theoretical perspective, my work proposes a multifocal mode of reading that recognizes the plurality of excremental rhetoric by attending to excremental modalities, or the states in which excrement exists or is experienced and/or expressed. I show that reading for the modalities of the literary excremental within the text shifts emphasis from an “unveiling of truth” to an exploration of various sections of a pluridiscursive “sewage system” in modern Japanese literature, including those examined in these chapters related to toilets, gastrointestinal disorders, and copro-philia and -phagia.Chapter 1, “Toilet and Excrement Collectors: Tanizaki and Other Aesthetes” investigates Tanizaki’s prolific literary excremental output against the backdrop of the aesthetic and scientific discourses of his time and in conversation with the literary production of others with comparable interests in the aesthetic excremental. Bringing to the fore the changing configurations of private and shared space, Tanizaki’s toilet and excrement collection offers a theoretical model for how a variety of discourses related to modernization and modernity interconnect in the subterranean Japanese literary sewage system.Chapter 2, “Shit(ty) Wars or Battlefield Excrementalism: Hayashi Fumiko, Hino Ashihei, and Others from the Warfront” explores the aesthetics and ideology of what I designate as “battlefield excrementalism” or the excremental rhetoric employed in war narratives. The chapter revolves around Hayashi Fumiko’s accounts from the Fifteen Years’ War (1931-45). I examine Hayashi’s works in conversation with other wartime narratives, most notably those by Hino Ashihei, and show how the constructedness of literary battlefield excrementalism engages with various types of colonizing and colonized bodies.Chapter 3, “Enema Stories and Queer Shit: From Kitan Club to Murakami Ryū” examines narratives dedicated to non-normative sexualities related to anal sexual practices and the predilection toward enema, in particular, in post-World War II and then Bubble/post-Bubble Japan. Enema in these two contexts demonstrates the waste potential of commodity and the commodity potential of waste, revealing itself as (literary) commodity.

Translated here for the first time, these three fairy tales from the friar Lorenzo Selva's prose romance Della metamorfosi (The Metamorphosis) deepen our understanding of the early development of the Italian tale tradition in the years between the publication of Straparola's (1550 and 1553) and Basile's tales (1634-1636). Unlike Straparola and Basile, Selva presents his tales as religious allegories. The magic and marvels that are typical of the fairy tale form part of his discussion of Church doctrine regarding both miraculous and demonic transformations. In this way, Selva's literary fairy tales participate in a growing debate on magic and witchcraft.

A short story is presented.

A short story is offered.