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Magnetic skyrmions are topologically non-trivial spin textures that manifest themselves as quasiparticles in ferromagnetic thin films or noncentrosymmetric bulk materials. So far attention has focused on skyrmions stabilized either by the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) or by dipolar interaction, where in the latter case the excitations are known as bubble skyrmions. Here we demonstrate the existence of a dynamically stabilized skyrmion, which exists even when dipolar interactions and DMI are absent. We establish how such dynamic skyrmions can be nucleated, sustained and manipulated in an effectively lossless medium under a nanocontact. As quasiparticles, they can be transported between two nanocontacts in a nanowire, even in complete absence of DMI. Conversely, in the presence of DMI, we observe that the dynamical skyrmion experiences strong breathing. All of this points towards a wide range of skyrmion manipulation, which can be studied in a much wider class of materials than considered so far. Magnetic skyrmions are particle-like spin textures with non-trivial topology which are stabilized by local magnetic interactions. Here, the authors demonstrate theoretically a class of skyrmions which are stabilized dynamically in the absence of interactions in a nanocontact spin-torque oscillator.

Ferromagnetic materials are considered to have the applications in data storage, data processing and telecommunication. A Kraenkel-Manna-Merle system, which describes the nonlinear electromagnetic short waves in a ferromagnetic saturator, is investigated in this paper. With respect to the magnetization related to the saturated ferromagnetic material and external magnetic field, a generalized Darboux transformation (GDT) is constructed and utilized to derive the solitons, multi-pole solitons and their interactions. Analytic expressions of the double-pole solitons are offered and analyzed via the asymptotic analysis. Then, amplitudes, characteristic lines, slopes and phase shifts of the asymptotic solitons are presented. With the multiple spectral parameters involved in the GDT, interactions among the solitons and multi-pole solitons are illustrated.

In power electronics, magnetic components are fundamental, and, unfortunately, represent one of the greatest challenges for designers because they are some of the components that lead the opposition to miniaturization and the main source of losses (both electrical and thermal). The use of ferromagnetic materials as substitutes for ferrite, in the core of magnetic components, has been proposed as a solution to this problem, and with them, a new perspective and methodology in the calculation of power losses open the way to new design proposals and challenges to overcome. Achieving a core losses model that combines all the parameters (electric, magnetic, thermal) needed in power electronic applications is a challenge. The main objective of this work is to position the reader in state-of-the-art for core losses models. This last provides, in one source, tools and techniques to develop magnetic solutions towards miniaturization applications. Details about new proposals, materials used, design steps, software tools, and miniaturization examples are provided.

The exploration of innovative condensed matter physics techniques, as well as their most current innovations and N2-V magnetometry scenarios, are covered in this paper. Nitrogen-vacancy (N2-V) cores in diamond are incorporated in the N2-V magnetometry method, which allows for highly sensitive and precise measurements of magnetic fields (B). With a particular emphasis on three areas such as ferromagnetic materials/Anti ferromagnetic materials, Superconducting materials and Metals/Semiconductors. We highlight the rapidly expanding interest in employing N2-V magnetometry to investigate condensed matter physics in this study. The behavior of specific magnetic domains, domain barriers, and other nanoscale structures could be studied using the high sensitivity and spatial resolution of N2-V magnetometry. The utilization of N2-V magnetometry in numerous disciplines, including biology and materials science, are additionally explored. Future applications of N2-V magnetometry in the study of innovative condensed matter physics processes provide a wealth of fascinating possibilities which includes the creation of novel diamond materials, the integration of N2-V magnetometry with other methodologies.

When spin‐orbit coupling (SOC) is absent, all proposed half‐metals with twofold degenerate nodal points at the K (or K′) point in 2D materials are classified as “Dirac half‐metals” owing to the way graphene is utilized in the earliest studies. Actually, each band crossing point at the K or K′ point is described by a 2D Weyl Hamiltonian with definite chirality; hence, it should be a Weyl point. To the best of its knowledge, there have not yet been any reports of a genuine (i.e., fourfold degenerate) 2D Dirac point half‐metal. In this work, using first‐principles calculations, it proposes for the first time that the 2D d0‐type ferromagnet Mg4N4 is a genuine 2D Dirac half‐metal candidate with a fourfold degenerate Dirac point at the S high‐symmetry point, intrinsic magnetism, a high Curie temperature, 100% spin polarization, topology robust under the SOC and uniaxial and biaxial strains, and spin‐polarized edge states. This work can serve as a starting point for future predictions of intrinsically magnetic materials with genuine 2D Dirac points, which will aid the frontier of topo‐spintronics research in 2D systems. In this work, using first‐principles calculations, it proposes that the 2D d0‐type ferromagnet Mg4N4 is a 2D Dirac half‐metal candidate with a fourfold degenerate Dirac point at the S high‐symmetry point, intrinsic magnetism, a high Curie temperature, 100% spin polarization, topology robust under the SOC and uniaxial and biaxial strains, and spin‐polarized edge states.

Local damage or stress concentration that forms during manufacturing and long-term use of ferromagnetic materials has a direct impact on the safety of engineering structures. Thus, accurately identifying damage and stress conditions in these materials is crucial. In this study, martensitic stainless steel, a type of ferromagnetic material, is chosen as the subject for investigation. A weak magnetic detection device is engineered specifically for this purpose, and tests are conducted on the material using this device. The stress value of the material is determined using X-ray diffraction, while magnetic induction intensity is simultaneously recorded with a weak magnetic detection device along the same path. The stress value and magnetic induction intensity are normalized, and the results are analyzed to establish a correlation between weak magnetic signals and stress. Then, a signal processing technique combining blind source separation and eigenvalue recognition is introduced to achieve stress concentration and microdefect location identification. This method is based on the correlation analysis results between weak magnetic signals and stress, as well as supporting evidence from prior studies. The experimental results demonstrate that the location of stress concentration can be accurately determined by identifying the peak or valley value of weak magnetic signals, with an error range of less than 30%. The algorithm of blind source separation and eigenvalue recognition can pinpoint the location of stress concentration and microdefects from the obtained signal. This study presents a novel nondestructive testing method for stress concentration and microdefect identification in ferromagnetic materials.

We present design initial and hysteresis branches of electric voltage in a pulsed magnetic field of strength that correspond to the branches of magnetization in the operating magnetic field and the residual magnetization of an object made of ferromagnetic material and similar branches of the used magnetic carrier (MC). The impact on an object with MC was carried out by magnetic field pulses to obtain stationary states of magnetization of an object with an internal defect, the field of which is modeled by the field of a linear inductor, the construction of spatial distributions of hysteretic interference ( ), and the development of programs for calculating ; these has made it possible to increase the accuracy of monitoring the properties of the objects.

Light electric vehicles (LEV) have become an integral part of our daily lives. In-wheel Brushless Direct Current Motor (BLDCM) is mostly preferred in the propulsion systems of LEVs. Ferromagnetic materials used in electric motors affect motor output performance as much as geometric design parameters. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of vibration on the driving performance of LEVs and its disruptive effects on BLDCM. Vibration effect reduces the operating life of electric motors and leads to their malfunction. In this study, the vibration effects of different stator and rotor ferromagnetic materials in-wheel BLDCM of LEVs were analyzed. It has been revealed that permanent magnets and mild steel ferromagnetic materials are factors affecting the operating performance of BLDCM. Total deformation harmonic response analyses were performed under ANSYS Workbench software to reveal the vibration effects on the specified in-wheel BLDCM. The lowest vibration effect is achieved when SmCo 5 (R18) magnet is used in the rotor and M22-26G mild steel ferromagnetic material is used in the stator, where the maximum vibration of 0.086023 μm in rotor and 18.386 μm in stator are achieved. It was concluded that the most compatible materials result in the lowest vibration values in BLDCM.

Ferromagnetic shape memory alloys (FSMAs), which are potential candidates for future technologies (i.e., actuators in robots), have been paid much attention for their high work per volume and rapid response as external stimulation, such as a magnetic field, is imposed. Among all the FSMAs, the Ni–Mn–Ga-based alloys were considered promising materials due to their appropriate phase transformation temperatures and ferromagnetism. Nevertheless, their intrinsic embrittlement issue and sluggish twin motion due to the inhibition of grain boundaries restrict their practicability. This study took advantage of the single-crystal Ni–Mn–Ga cube/silicone rubber composite materials to solve the two aforementioned difficulties. The single-crystal Ni–Mn–Ga cube was prepared by using a high-temperature alloying procedure and a floating-zone (FZ) method, and the cubes were verified to be the near-100p Ni–Mn–Ga alloy. Various room temperature (RT) curing silicone rubbers were utilized as matrix materials. Furthermore, polystyrene foam particles (PFP) were used to provide pores, allowing a porous silicone rubber matrix. It was found that the elastic modulus of the silicone rubber was successfully reduced by introducing the PFP. Additionally, the magnetic field-induced martensite variant reorientation (MVR) was greatly enhanced by introducing a porous structure into the silicone rubber. The single-crystal Ni–Mn–Ga cube/porous silicone rubber composite materials are considered to be promising materials for applications in actuators.

The distribution of magnetic fluxes during reversal magnetization of three- and four-layer ferromagnetic materials with the same layer thickness by attachable probes with a U-shaped core is analyzed. The analytical expressions for determination of magnetic fluxes effective coercive force (CF) are obtained. The application of linear approximation for hysteresis loop demagnetizing sections of separate layers is substantiated. The stable regularities in these expressions are established. Based on them, a recurrent formula for the effective CF of layered ferromagnetic materials, which consist of an arbitrary number of layers of the same thickness, is proposed. The effective CF depends not only on the CF of individual layers, but also on their residual magnetic inductions. An experimental verification of the obtained expression is carried out on the 08kp and St3 steel samples. A magnetic analyzer of the KRM-Ts-MA type is used for CF and residual magnetic induction measurements. The calculated values of the effective CF for the two-layer ferromagnetic material of the mentioned steels according to the obtained recurrent formula and the measurement results agree well (the error does not exceed 3%).