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\"As the appetite for leisure travel and events continues to grow at an exponential rate, the impact on the environment and local communities is becoming an increasing concern, not least by the users of the services. Green approaches to tourism and events are growing in popularity and present an opportunity to both identify solutions to significant environmental and societal problems and new approaches to business. Green Events and Green Tourism looks at key frameworks, guidelines, principles and benchmarks that support the application of sustainability in practice. The five sections of the book cover themes of governance, accreditation, certification, innovation, priorities, trends, ambitions and consumer behaviour, and the chapters include examples of best practice in the organisation of music and arts festivals, special interest tourism, the green management of outdoor sites and the management of sports events. Readers will benefit from insightful case studies from around the globe\"-- Provided by publisher.

PurposeIn this paper, the authors explore how Edinburgh's key Festivals have adapted to the COVID-19 pandemic. Their response presents the emergence of more innovative festival delivery models and a different imagining of the festival space.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a qualitative mixed methods research design involving 13 in-depth semi-structured interviews with Edinburgh's Festival Directors and other cultural and policy stakeholders as part of a University-funded stand-alone research project. The interviews were supplemented with participant observation at festivals virtually and in-person to experience new and emerging formats of festival content delivery, adherence to Scottish Government guidelines on COVID-19 safety, and to experience attending festivals during a pandemic.FindingsThe authors present findings on how Edinburgh's Festivals have responded to Covid-19 and how they have adapted – and in some cases reimagined – their business models to survive.Originality/valueThe authors propose a new theoretical framework that establishes a model for how festivals can approach risk management within their business model, focused on the ‘3R's’ – respond, resilience and reimagine –with communication and support being central to this framework.

Through a psychosocial lens, informed by relational psychoanalysis, this article discusses the design, delivery, and impact of The Big Anxiety’s 2022 festival in Warwick, Queensland—an arts-based program that engages with lived experiences of trauma, distress, and suicide, and in this case with the devastating impact of youth suicide, disproportionately affecting First Nations communities. It describes the festival’s methods of creative engagement, examining how these create conditions for the transformation of trauma and for experiences of growth.

The study attempts to examine the impact of firework activities during Diwali Festival on ambient air quality of Jodhpur city. Air quality parameters particulate matter of diameter 10 μm (PM 10 ), particulate matter of diameter 2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2) , nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and heavy metals in PM 2.5 like Pb, Ni, Ba, Al, As and Sr are monitored at two locations, for 15 days, starting from 7 days before the festival of Diwali, on the day of the festival (Diwali) and 7 days after Diwali. On the occasion of Diwali, it was discovered that the 24-h average levels of various pollutants were significantly elevated compared to regular days preceding the festival. Specifically, at the HBO site, the concentrations were notably increased, with sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) reaching 5.62 times higher, nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) at 3 times higher, particulate matter of diameter 10 μm (PM 10 ) at 2.35 times higher, and particulate matter of diameter 2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ) at 1.01 times higher than the usual levels before Diwali. Similarly, at the PTMM site, there were substantial elevations in pollutant concentrations during Diwali compared to pre-festival days, with SO 2 registering 2.53 times higher, NO 2 at 2.37 times higher, PM 2.5 at 1.9 times higher, and PM 10 at 1.57 times higher levels than normal. Concentration of Al, Ba, Sr and Pb at HBO site and Al at PTMM site was highest on Diwali day. Air quality index which was in good category on normal days before Diwali, fell into poor category starting from the day before Diwali and remain in poor category on normal days after Diwali. The result indicates the worsening of ambient air quality during Diwali which can adversely impact the human health in terms of various respiratory complications.

ABSTRACT This study aims to expand academic understanding of seasonality by establishing if previous scholarly work on the subject is also applicable to the novel context of the urban event industry. A mixed-method approach combining qualitative and quantitative research was applied, collecting details from two event venues in the centre of Amsterdam and expert insight from the Amsterdam Convention Bureau. Findings reveal that certain aspects, such as fluctuating revenue and event distribution, national and school holidays, and seasonal pricing and marketing strategies are also relevant in the urban event industry context, although the specific composition differs per organisation. Overall, the study offers useful insights and provides a foundation for further research on seasonality in the urban event sector.

This study empirically examines attendees’ embedded experience of attending a music festival through assessment of their perceived Quality of Festival Experience (QFE). Additionally, the relationships between QFE, satisfaction, place attachment and behavioural intentions are examined. The Rototom Sunsplash European Reggae Festival takes place at a small Mediterranean destination: Benicássim, Spain. The results of this case study show that the influence of QFE on festival behavioural intentions is both direct and indirect, through attendees’ satisfaction. The results do not offer evidence of the impact of QFE on place attachment, which in turn did not impact behavioural intentions towards the festival. In other words, despite giving a positive assessment of the festival experience, attendees did not develop an emotional link with the host location. Several reasons for this result are offered, along with managerial implications and suggestions for further research. Cette étude examine de façon empirique l’expérience profonde des personnes prenant part à un festival de musique en évaluant la qualité perçue de l’expérience offerte par le festival. Elle se penche également sur la relation entre la qualité perçue de l’expérience, la satisfaction, l’attachement à un lieu et les intentions comportementales à l’égard du festival. Le festival reggae d’Europe Rototom Sunsplash est organisé dans une petite ville méditerranéenne: Benicàssim, en Espagne. Les résultats de cette étude de cas montrent que, à travers la satisfaction des participants, l’influence de la qualité perçue de l’expérience sur les intentions comportementales liées au festival est à la fois directe et indirecte. Ces résultats ne révèlent aucune incidence de la qualité perçue sur l’attachement au lieu où le festival est organisé, paramètre qui n’a donc pas d’incidence sur les intentions comportementales à l’égard du festival. En d’autres termes, même s’ils évaluent de façon positive leur expérience de festival, les participants n’ont pas développé un lien émotionnel avec la ville d’accueil de l’événement. Différentes raisons sont proposées pour expliquer cela, et les auteurs évaluent les répercussions managériales de ce phénomène et font des suggestions pour de futures recherches. En este estudio se analiza de manera empírica la experiencia profunda de los que asisten a un festival de música evaluando su percepción de la Calidad de la Experiencia de Festival (CEF). Además, se estudian las relaciones entre la CEF, la satisfacción, el apego al sitio y las intenciones de comportamiento. El Rototom Sunsplash European Reggae Festival tiene lugar en Benicássim, España, una pequeña población mediterránea. Los resultados de este estudio de caso muestran, mediante la satisfacción de los participantes, que la influencia de la CEF sobre las intenciones de comportamiento en los festivales es tanto directa como indirecta. Los resultados no presentan evidencia de que la CEF influya sobre el apego al sitio, que a su vez no tuvo incidencia sobre las intenciones de comportamiento hacia el festival. En otras palabras, a pesar de valorar positivamente la experiencia del festival, los asistentes no forjaron un vínculo emocional con el sitio anfitrión. Se ofrecen varias razones que explican este resultado, junto con consecuencias para la gestión y sugerencias para futuras investigaciones.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the management strategy changes of a government-hosted festival from the government’s perspective based on Ansell and Gash’s (2008) definitive criteria of collaborative governance.Design/methodology/approachThis is a longitudinal case study of Hi Seoul Festival (HSF) in South Korea from 2003 to 2013. First, a detailed description of HSF management strategy change over time is presented through an analysis of internal government documents. Then, factors influencing management strategy changes are investigated through interviews with governmental and professional stakeholders.FindingsThe content analysis of the internal government documents reveals that HSF’s management strategy changed between collaborative governance and contracting out multiple times. The follow-up interviews then found that the prehistory experiences in managing festivals, the change of festival goals, and political leverages influenced the management strategy changes.Originality/valueThe government is one of the key stakeholders of festivals, which sometimes hosts and manages its own festivals. However, how a government manages its own festival is rarely studied. This study would add new insights into the studies of government-hosted festivals.

The management of cultural tourist flows is crucial for maximizing the economic and social benefits of cultural tourism while preserving heritage. This research compares management practices from Japan, Italy, and Morocco to identify similarities and differences and transfer know-how to improve the efficiency and sustainability of cultural tourism in Romania. The methodology is based on comparative management principles, analysing the cultural context, identifying and adapting good practices, and transferring managerial know-how through selected case studies. Thus, these case studies include integrating contemporary art into natural landscapes, combining cultural heritage with culinary experiences and picturesque landscapes, and focusing on urban regeneration and heritage conservation. The results of our research highlight various approaches to managing cultural tourist flows, emphasizing heritage conservation and creating authentic experiences, and propose a conceptual model that can be replicated in different cultural-tourism contexts, showcasing similarities and differences in managerial approaches and offering suggestions for improving cultural tourism management at national and regional/local levels. The originality of our paper lies in integrating a conceptual model for the comparative management of cultural tourist flows, applicable in various cultural contexts, and emphasizing an integrated and collaborative approach.

Purpose – Problem-solving approaches to research have dominated the not-for-profit festival management field. Little attention has been paid to how festival organizations successfully create cultures where knowledge transfer is practised within the high intensity of a festival life cycle. Drawing upon insights from social practice theory and appreciative inquiry (AI), the purpose of this paper is to offer a different conceptual approach to understanding how knowledge transfer “works” as an organizational practice to produce a collaborative festival culture. Design/methodology/approach – This paper draws upon an ethnographic case study with the highly acclaimed Queensland Music Festival organization in Australia. The research questions and methods were framed around an appreciative approach that identified formal and informal practices that \" worked \" rather than a conventional problem-focused analysis. Findings – This research focused on appreciating the cultural context that shaped the interrelationships between formal and informal knowledge transfer practices that enabled trust and collaboration. A range of knowledge transfer practices was identified that contributed to the creation of a shared festival ethos and the on-going sustainability of the festival vision. Practical implications – The not-for-profit sector brings numerous challenges for festival organizations, and there is a need to appreciate how collaborative and creative knowledge transfer can occur formally and informally. Festival organizers can benefit from understanding the relational and practice dimensions of knowledge management as they are performed within specific organizational contexts. Originality/value – An appreciative understanding of knowledge transfer practices has not yet been applied to not-for-profit festival organizations, where problem-solving approaches dominate the field.

Background Traditional ecological knowledge embedded in cultural practices is vital for biodiversity conservation but is increasingly under threat from modernization and globalization. This study investigates the role of Chinese folk ritual music in promoting biodiversity conservation, with a focus on Cantonese Opera and agricultural rituals in the Lingnan region of southern China. Methods We employed literature review, qualitative fieldwork, and ethnographic analysis, including interviews with local musicians and community members, to investigate how Cantonese Opera and agricultural rituals contribute to ecological sustainability by integrating cultural narratives with environmental stewardship. Results The findings reveal three main ways in which Chinese folk ritual music supports biodiversity conservation: (1) fostering ecological understanding through symbolic representations, such as the carp and water buffalo; (2) promoting sustainable practices, including traditional farming techniques and the conservation of wetland ecosystems; and (3) enhancing community cohesion and the transmission of ecological values across generations. Notably, 70% of interviewees highlighted the role of symbolic animals in raising awareness of ecological sustainability. Conclusions The study underscores the potential of integrating traditional ecological knowledge with modern conservation strategies. Cultural traditions, such as Cantonese Opera and agricultural rituals, not only preserve biodiversity but also provide a framework for sustainable resource management. These findings highlight the importance of protecting and revitalizing cultural practices to ensure both cultural and ecological resilience in the face of global challenges.