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"Fieldbus"
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Research and Simulation of a Synchronous Fieldbus Technology Based on OPNET
Synchronous fieldbus technology is based on the traditional CAN bus with the time division technology, so that communication nodes only send data in a characteristic time slice of a communication cycle. The method can eliminate the conflict between nodes and avoid the competition between nodes of the bus. In this paper, the node layer, LLC process layer and MAC process layer models of the synchronous fieldbus technology are established in the OPNET environment, and an experiment is designed to simulate the actual use scenario, and the method is verified. The result of the method is correct, the effect of it is intuitive, the simulation method of it is correct, and it can be used in synchronous fieldbus simulation research and engineering application.
Journal Article
Artificial Intelligence Technology in Electric Automation Monitoring System of Power Plant
With the development of large-capacity and high-parameter units, the degree of electrical automation in power plants is becoming more and more important. Due to the relatively backward technology of traditional electrical monitoring, it is more human monitoring, and the level of automation is low. Nowadays, communication network technology has been rapidly developed, and machinery and equipment have become more intelligent. These have laid a good technical foundation for the reform and innovation of electrical automation monitoring systems in power plants. This article first studies the development status of the electrical automation monitoring system, and then uses the fieldbus and Ethernet technology to carry out the configuration mode and construction of the electrical automation system. Then, this article designs the basic functions, advanced application functions and software parts of the system. Finally, this paper tests the running time and update function of the system dynamic module. The test result shows that the running time of the dynamic module meets the requirements of the system, and the update function is relatively fast.
Journal Article
Research on Multi-master Communication System Based on RS485 Bus
This paper introduces an RS485 bus communication system that can support multi-host online. The communication system is based on the basic communication principle of the single chip microcomputer, combined with the function of the RS485 chip, utilizes the characteristics of the triode, and realizes the communication mode of the multi-host node on the conventional half-duplex master-slave working mode RS485 bus. This key point realization marks the fact that the RS485 bus supporting multi-host node two-way all-digital communication becomes a reality. At the same time, the communication system combines the lightning protection and surge protection requirements, and provides a solid foundation for the RS485 bus fieldbus control system FCS (Fieldbus Control System) based on RS485 bus.
Journal Article
Research on the High Precision Synchronous Control Method of the Fieldbus Control System
The synchronization control performance of the Fieldbus control system (FCS) is an important guarantee for the completion of multi-axis collaborative machining tasks, and its synchronization control accuracy is one of the decisive factors for the machining quality. To improve the synchronization control accuracy of FCS, this paper first makes a comprehensive analysis of the factors affecting synchronization in FCS. Secondly, by analyzing the communication model of linear Ethernet, a distributed clock compensation method based on timestamps is proposed to solve the asynchronous problem of communication data transmission in the linear ethernet bus topology. Then, based on the CANopen application layer protocol, the FCS communication and device control task collaboration method is proposed to ensure the synchronous control of multiple devices by FCS. Finally, an experimental platform is built for functional verification and performance testing of the proposed synchronization method. The results show that the proposed synchronization method can achieve a communication synchronization accuracy of 50 ns and a device control synchronization accuracy of 150 ns.
Journal Article
Development of a Common API for Multiple Ethernet Fieldbus Protocols in Embedded Slave Devices
Slave devices in Ethernet-based fieldbus networks often require extensive reprogramming of applications and replacement of protocol stacks and Ethernet drivers whenever the fieldbus protocol needs to be changed. To address this challenge, we develop a common application programming interface (API) and stack interfaces that enable seamless protocol switching among EtherCAT, PROFINET, and EtherNet/IP without requiring protocol-specific code modifications. The real-time data exchange between the API and each protocol stack is realized in the stack interface by using the synchronization mechanism provided by FreeRTOS. The developed common API and stack interfaces facilitate the development of slave device applications that are universally compatible with multiple protocols, EtherCAT, PROFINET, and EtherNet/IP. Moreover, once a required protocol is selected in the integrated development environment (IDE) software before building the slave device firmware, the corresponding protocol stack and Ethernet drivers are automatically specified and the need to replace protocol stacks or Ethernet drivers is even eliminated when switching protocols. To validate the developed common API and stack interfaces, they were implemented on a slave device using TI’s TMDS243EVM board, and a fieldbus network was built by connecting the slave device to a master device executed by Beckhoff’s TwinCAT on a Windows PC. Experimental results confirmed the API’s functionality, reliability, and practical applicability in streamlining protocol management for Ethernet-based fieldbus networks.
Journal Article
Fusion of open forest data and machine fieldbus data for performance analysis of forest machines
Forest resource data is important in targeting the forestry operations, and it is in the hearth of the precision forestry concept. The forest resource data can be produced with many techniques, and the number of existing forest data sources has increased during the years. In addition to the forest resource data, other data describing the circumstances of the forest site, such as trafficability and weather conditions, are available. In Finland, a forest data platform gathers the data sources under a single service for easier implementation of the precision forestry applications. This data is useful in operations planning, but it also describes the conditions that prevail when the forest machine arrives to the forest site. This study proposes data fusion between fieldbus time series of the forest machine and the forest data. The fused dataset enables explorative statistical analysis for examining the relationship between the machine performance and the forest attributes and provides data for building predictive models between the two. The presented methods are applied into a dataset generated from a field test data. The results show that some fieldbus time series features are predictable from forest attributes with R2 value over 0.80, and clustering methods help in interpreting the machine behavior in different environments. In addition, an idea for generating a new forest data source to the forest data platform based on the fusion is discussed.
Journal Article
Separating the impact of work environment and machine operation on harvester performance
In mechanized logging operations, interactions between the forest machines and their operators, forest resources and environmental conditions are multifold and not easily detected. However, increased computational resources and sensing capabilities of the forest machines together with extensive forest inventory data enable modeling of such relationships, leading eventually to better planning of the operations, better assistance for the forest machine operators, and increased efficiency of timber harvesting. In this study, both forest machine fieldbus data and forest inventory data were acquired extensively. The forest inventory data, acquired nationwide, was clustered to categorize general tree and soil types in Finland. The found forest categories were applied when the harvester fieldbus data, collected from the forest operations in the North Karelia region with two similar harvesters, was analyzed. When the performance of the machine and the operator, namely the fuel consumption and log production, is studied individually for each forest cluster, the impact of working environment no longer masks the causes based on the machine or the operator, thus making the observations from separate forest locations comparable. The study observed statistically significant differences in fuel consumption between the most general tree and soil clusters as well as between the harvester-operator units. The modeling approach applied, based on multivariate linear regression, finds such reasons for the differences that have clear interpretation from machine setup or operator working style perspective, and thus offers a feasible method for assisting the operators in improving their working practices and thus the overall performance specifically at forest of given type.
Journal Article
Design and Innovation of Asynchronous Serial Communication Interface Conversion System of Field Bus
Since the traditional asynchronous serial communication interface conversion system has a series of problems in data reliability, CPU utilization and so on, this paper, starting from the design idea of fieldbus, uses CAN, PROFIBUS-DP, power conversion module, core control module and other software programs to study the conversion process, so as to innovate the conversion system and realize the reliability of data, which greatly improves the utilization rate of CPU.
Journal Article
Synchronization of Electrical Drives via EtherCAT Fieldbus Communication Modules
Synchronization between devices (in particular drive systems) is paramount for multi-axis motion control systems used in Computerized Numerical Control (CNC) machines, robots, and specialized technology machines used in many areas of the manufacturing industry. EtherCAT is an Ethernet-based network that is one of the most popular industrial networks for multi-axis motion control systems. EtherCAT is standardized in the IEC 61158 and IEC 61784 standards. In the article, an EtherCAT communication network for electrical drives is presented. The article focuses on the synchronization in the EtherCAT network consisting of one master device and slave servo drive devices. Special attention is given to synchronization mechanisms in EtherCAT, such as distributed clocks in slave servo drives devices. For this purpose, a laboratory stand was built consisting of two prototype servo drive devices with BLDC motors equipped with EtherCAT communication modules. A description of the working developed EtherCAT communication modules is given. Authors in communication modules ware used an EtherCAT Slave Controller (ESC) chip (AX58100) to implement lower EtherCAT layers. EtherCAT application layer was implemented in software form on a 32-bit microcontroller, based on CANopen over EtherCAT (CoE) CAN in Automation 402 (CiA402) profile. This research’s main contribution was to show the time dependencies regarding synchronization in terms of data flow in the EtherCAT communication stack in slave servo drive devices. The research results showed that the synchronous operation of drives is mainly influenced not by the mechanism of distributed clocks that ensures synchronization in the EtherCAT network but the implementation of the highest layer of the communication stack in slave servo drive devices. Experimental results are presented that prove the modules’ adequacy for use in high-performance motion control systems.
Journal Article