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Figure skating : girls rocking it
The contemporary era has been the most revolutionary for women in sports, with more females involved in athletics than ever before, at all age and skill levels, largely due to the push to make school sports inclusive for girls and women. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to and historical overview of figure skating. It covers all aspects of participation in the sport and staying safe on the ice. Included are anecdotal and inspirational success stories of figure-skating luminaries, and special attention is paid to recent advances and trends in the sport.
Book
A Wearable System for Jump Detection in Inline Figure Skating
This article presents the design and experimental evaluation of a non-invasive wearable sensor system that can be used to acquire crucial information about athletes’ performance during inline figure skating training. By combining distance and time-of-flight sensors and gyroscopes, the system is able to detect when jumps are performed and provides a live view of the data (e.g., the number and height of jumps) through a graphical user interface. The main novelty of our approach lies in the way in which the optical sensors are orientated. Typically, the sensors are orientated horizontally and positioned in pairs on the ground, where they measure the time interval between the moment the athlete leaves the ground and the moment they land. In our system, an optical sensor is placed under each foot and is vertically orientated so as to constantly measure the distance from the ground. In addition, a gyroscope sensor is placed on the athlete’s back, which provides information on the direction and angular momentum of the movement. By combining this data, the system provides the accurate detection of various jumps and technical elements without any constraints on the training ground. In this paper, the system is also compared to similar platforms in the literature, although there are no other specific systems that are available for inline figure skating. The results of the experimental evaluation, which was performed by high profile athletes, confirm its effectiveness in correctly detecting jumps, especially considering its compromise between precision and the overall cost of the equipment.
Journal Article
Figure skating
\"Vibrant photos and carefully leveled text introduces beginning readers to the fundamentals of figure skating and encourages them to try it\" -- Provided by publisher.
Book
MLA-LSTM: A Local and Global Location Attention LSTM Learning Model for Scoring Figure Skating
Video-based scoring using neural networks is a very important means for evaluating many sports, especially figure skating. Although many methods for evaluating action quality have been proposed, there is no uniform conclusion on the best feature extractor and clip length for the existing methods. Furthermore, during the feature aggregation stage, these methods cannot accurately locate the target information. To address these tasks, firstly, we systematically compare the effects of the figure skating model with three different feature extractors (C3D, I3D, R3D) and four different segment lengths (5, 8, 16, 32). Secondly, we propose a Multi-Scale Location Attention Module (MS-LAM) to capture the location information of athletes in different video frames. Finally, we present a novel Multi-scale Location Attentive Long Short-Term Memory (MLA-LSTM), which can efficiently learn local and global sequence information in each video. In addition, our proposed model has been validated on the Fis-V and MIT-Skate datasets. The experimental results show that I3D and 32 frames per second are the best feature extractor and clip length for video scoring tasks. In addition, our model outperforms the current state-of-the-art method hybrid dynAmic-statiC conText-aware attentION NETwork (ACTION-NET), especially on MIT-Skate (by 0.069 on Spearman’s rank correlation). In addition, it achieves average improvements of 0.059 on Fis-V compared with Multi-scale convolutional skip Self-attentive LSTM Module (MS-LSTM). It demonstrates the effectiveness of our models in learning to score figure skating videos.
Journal Article
The effectiveness of heel raises in managing Haglund deformity pain in figure skaters
[...]there is no evidence supporting the beneficial use of heel raises in figure skating boots that already have a raised heel. Discussion: This is the first study to investigate the effect of heel raises on HD pain in figure skaters. In this study, we have sampled a population of elite figure skaters and found that heel raises commonly used for the management of HD in the general population is not useful for figure skaters.
Journal Article
Great moments in Olympic skating
Great Moments in Olympic Skating tells the stories of surprise and dominance, of inspiration and determination, of persistence and overcoming adversity. Title includes colorful descriptions of memorable moments old and new, a list of great Olympians in skating, and Great Moment sidebars.
Book
Multi-view 3D human pose reconstruction based on spatial confidence point group for jump analysis in figure skating
Competitive figure skaters perform successful jumps with critical parameters, which are valuable for jump analysis in athlete training. Driven by recent computer vision applications, recovering 3D pose of figure skater to obtain the meaningful variables has become increasingly important. However, conventional works have suffered from getting 3D information based on the corresponding 2D information directly or leaving the specificity of sports out of consideration. Issues such as self-occlusion, abnormal pose, limitation of venue and so on will result in poor results. Motivated by these problems, this paper proposes a multi-task architecture based on a calibrated multi-camera system to facilitate jointly 3D jump pose of figure skater. The proposed methods consist of three key components: Likelihood distribution and temporal smoothness- based discrete probability points selection filter out the most valuable 2D information; Multi-perspective and combinations unification-based large-scale venue 3D reconstruction is proposed to deal with the multi-camera; multi-constraint-based human skeleton estimation decides the final 3D coordinate from the candidates. This work is proved can be applied to 3D animated display and motion capture of the figure skating competition. The success rate of the independent joint is: 93.38% of 70 mm error range, 92.57% of 50 mm error range and 91.55% of 30 mm error range.
Journal Article
764 EP074 – Establishing an injury monitoring system for youth athletes in the German ice skating union
BackgroundHigh training loads and sport specific internal risk factors from an early age can lead to serious acute and overuse injuries. Nevertheless, there is almost no system for monitoring and preventing injuries in junior figure skating in Germany.ObjectiveDevelopment of an injury surveillance system, taking context of junior elite sports within the German Figure Skating Union into accountDesignQualitative research including literature review and survey amongst experts and development of a theoretical approach for the German Ice Skating Association to set up an injury surveillance system.SettingN/AParticipantsNational and athletic coaches, medical staffInterventionsA qualitative study aimed to develop injury surveillance, aetiology and mechanisms of injury. Injuries, relevant factors and context were further explored through interviews and surveys.Main Outcome MeasurementsSystematic literature analysis for epidemiological studies, interview and survey.ResultsLiterature reveals an increase in incidence of figure skating injuries. However, there is a lack of literature for junior athletes. After evaluating interviews and surveys of coaches and doctors, a strategy for continuous, standardized and complete assessment of sport-specific injury data for German figure skaters was developed.In an annual injury report, coaches can view injury frequency, most common injuries and injury mechanisms and receive recommendations for injury prevention measures. Prevention measures could be mandatory protective gear in certain situations, rule adaptations or training interventions (foot and ankle stabilization or leg axis training). Additionally, assessing of training load (number of jumps etc.) could be helpful in preventing overuse injuries especially in junior single skaters.ConclusionsWith this injury surveillance system, the German Ice Skating Union could monitor injury in young figure skaters and adapt training recommendations or increase the safety of athletes in training or competitive situations. The system will be tested and evaluated within the next 3 years.
Journal Article