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"Fish trade"
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Seafood
\"This book explains how seafood is are raised, harvested, and processed. It also explores the pros and cons of fish farming and fishing in the wild\"-- Provided by the publisher.
Book
A Systematic Review of the Ornamental Fish Trade with Emphasis on Coral Reef Fishes—An Impossible Task
The multi-billion dollar trade in ornamental fishes has rarely been reliably monitored. Almost all coral reef fishes are wild-caught, and few scientific analyses have attempted to elicit exact quantities and identify species involved. The consequences of the removal of millions of these fishes are poorly understood. This article collates and examines available information, including scientific studies and formal publications, in order to create a more accurate picture of this commerce. We demonstrate that it is almost impossible to analyse the trade in marine ornamental fishes due to a lack of data, and that available data for marine species is frequently combined with that for freshwater species. Figures range from 15 to 30 million coral reef fishes being traded annually, but could be as high as 150 million specimens. The global value of this trade was only estimated for 1976 and 1999 between USD 28–40 million. This review highlights the urgent need to introduce a specific harmonised system tariff code and for a global monitoring system, such as the Trade Control and Expert System already in use in Europe, in order to gather accurate and timely information on the number and species of marine ornamental fishes in commerce, where specimens originated, and whether they were wild-caught or captive-bred.
Journal Article
Maturation, reproduction, and larval culture of pomacentrids for the ornamental fish trade: successes and challenges
Fishes belonging to the family Pomacentridae (clownfishes and damselfishes) dominate the marine ornamental fish trade. However, only 1.0–4.2% of marine ornamental species traded in the US are reproduced in captivity, while the vast majority are wild-caught, an environmentally damaging practice. Reproduction in captivity undoubtedly is an adequate strategy for moving in the direction of sustainability. Among ornamental marine fish species, the most spectacular advances in captive breeding have been made for clownfishes. Twenty-five species of clownfishes have been captive-bred for commercial purposes. Furthermore, numerous clownfish varieties or color morphs have been developed through selective breeding and hybridization between species has been achieved. Of at least thirty-nine damselfish species that have been reproduced in captivity, only nine are currently commercially available. This is related to the small size of eggs and to the underdeveloped state of altricial damselfish larvae. In addition, long larval periods (up to 50 dph) and low survival rates (typically less than 10%) create barriers to the success in commercial aquaculture of damselfishes. Improvements in the low survival of damselfish larvae can be expected as zootechnical aspects for larviculture are perfected (especially improved nutrition).
Journal Article
Fishing : how the sea fed civilization
\"Before prehistoric humans began to cultivate grain, they had three main methods of acquiring food: hunting, gathering, and fishing. Hunting and gathering are no longer economically important, having been replaced by their domesticated equivalents, ranching and farming. But fishing, humanity's last major source of food from the wild, has grown into a worldwide industry on which we have never been more dependent. In this history of fishing--not as sport but as sustenance--archaeologist and writer Brian Fagan argues that fishing rivaled agriculture in its importance to civilization. [He] tours archaeological sites worldwide to show ... how fishing fed the development of cities, empires, and ultimately the modern world\"--Jacket flaps.
Book
Capitalism from Within
Japan's stunning metamorphosis from an isolated feudal regime to a major industrial power over the course of the nineteeth and early twentieth centuries has long fascinated and vexed historians. In this study, David L. Howell looks beyond the institutional and technological changes that followed Japan's reopening to the West to probe the indigenous origins of Japanese capitalism.
eBook
A global analysis of the introduction pathways and characteristics associated with non-native fish species introduction, establishment, and impacts
BackgroundThe invasion success of introduced freshwater fishes is influenced by many factors, including ecological, species, and socioeconomic characteristics. Most studies that document the importance of these characteristics are conducted at local scales and/or focus on a single step of the invasion process. In this study, we aim to determine the species characteristics, ecological characteristics, and socioeconomic characteristics of non-native freshwater fish invasions. Our assessment was done at the global scale and considers all three steps of the invasion (i.e., introduction, establishment, and impact). For this purpose, we applied generalized linear models to 20 variables collected for 307 non-native species and modeled them as a function of ecological characteristics (i.e., environmental features), species traits (i.e., functional and morphological), and socioeconomic characteristics (i.e., human use and introduction pathways). We considered the number of countries in which each species was introduced, established, or had ecological impacts as a proxy of invasion step success. We also explored the specifics of species introduced through the aquaculture and the ornamental fish trade pathways.ResultsWe found that non-native freshwater fishes with broad diets, high parental care, and multiple introduction pathways are the most widely introduced and established worldwide. The number of countries with impacts reported was best explained by the type of introduction pathway (i.e., aquaculture or fisheries). Moreover, among non-native species introduced through aquaculture, those belonging to Cypriniformes and having broad diets were the most widely introduced and established species. In contrast, the species introduced through the ornamental fish trade pathway belonged to various taxonomic orders but were mainly native to tropical regions.ConclusionsConsidering several types of factors is important when analyzing the invasion success of freshwater fish and disentangling the different invasion steps. These findings have strong implications for anticipating the profile of species with a high potential to invade many countries.
Journal Article
Revealing the hidden marine dagaa cross-border trade in mainland Tanzania
Informal cross-border fish trade (ICBFT) is becoming predominant in many African nations and unfortunately there is little information on its magnitude at country level. To address this gap, this study was conducted in mainland Tanzania covering two border posts and one fishing village, to identify the nature, conditions and assess the weight and value of ICBFT in comparison to the available official data, so as to determine the Government revenue loss for the marine small pelagic fishery which is locally known as dagaa. Data was collected through participants observation, interviews and informal routes monitoring framework. Interview excerpt coding, social network analysis and quantification were used in data analysis. Findings revealed that the marine dagaa informal cross-border trade is being operated in a multifaceted setting, characterized by five aspects: network; key actors; social supports; informal cross-border trade routes; and informal transiting places, time and vehicles. Middlemen and Porters scored higher network centrality scores, implying that, they are the key actors in the ICBFT operation. Further, it was found that the marine dagaa ICBFT accounted for about 972.6 M. tons valued at US$1.8 million, which is 7.5 higher compared to official data between 2018 and 2019, resulting in approximately US$165,006 government revenue loss. Such findings are essential for assessing the total contribution of cross-border fish trade to the country's economy, and setting appropriate ICBFT management strategies to maximize benefits from the cross-border trade in the country for people’s well-being and the neighbouring countries.
Journal Article