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We report a case of urogenital schistosomiasis in a 34-year-old male patient in Nepal and summarize additional case reports. These cases provide putative evidence for the potential existence of human-pathogenic (most likely zoonotic) schistosome species on the Indian subcontinent.

BACKGROUND: Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world with diverse marine and fisheries potential. Indonesia has a 16% role in supplying the world’s tuna fish needs. However, the life of a tuna fisherman is far from healthy. This is caused by a lack of awareness about maintaining health. This research aimed to determine the characteristics of disease patterns in tuna fishermen in Pelita Jaya Hamlet, West Seram Regency in 2024. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The number of samples in this study consisted of 68 people. The sampling technique in this study was accidental sampling. The subjects in this study were tuna fishermen ≥ 18 years old who were willing to become respondents. The research was conducted at Pelita Jaya Hamlet Fish Port, West Seram Regency in May 2024. The method used in this research is mixed quantitative using questionnaires and qualitative with Focus Group Discussion (FGD). RESULTS: The results of this research are the characteristics of tuna fishermen in Pelita Jaya Hamlet, West Seram Regency are dominated by tuna fishermen aged 36–45 years, education level is dominated by high school/MA graduates, work period is dominated by 16–20 years, smoking status is dominated by moderate smokers, and Alcohol consumption is dominated by the moderate category. The most common disease patterns among tuna fishermen in Pelita Jaya Hamlet are based on noninfective diseases dominated by gastritis, infective diseases dominated by Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI), and occupational diseases dominated by lower back pain (LBP). CONCLUSIONS: Tuna fishermen are in poor condition. Almost all fishermen have > 1 disease. The most characteristic disease pattern based on non-communicable diseases is gastritis with 30 respondents (44.1%), based on infectious diseases is ARI with 51 respondents (75.0%) and based on occupational diseases is LBP with 51 respondents (75.0%).

Objectives Maritime workers may be exposed to several occupational hazards at sea. The aim of this study was to assess cancer incidence among seafarers and fishermen in the Nordic countries and identify patterns in morbidity in the context of existing studies in this field. Methods A cohort of 81 740 male seafarers and 66 926 male fishermen was established from census data on 15 million citizens in the five Nordic countries. Using personal identity codes, information on vital status and cancer was linked to members of the cohort from the national population and cancer registries for the follow-up period 1961-2005. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated applying national cancer incidence rates for each country and pooling results. Results The overall incidence of cancer was increased among the male seafarers [SIR 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-1.23]. Significant excesses were observed for multiple cancer sites among the seafarers, while results for the fishermen were mixed. Lip cancer incidence was increased among both maritime populations. For mesothelioma (SIR 2.17, 95% CI 1.83-2.56 seafarers) and non-melanoma skin cancer (SIR 1.23, 95% CI 1.14-1.32 seafarers), incidence was increased among the seafarers. Conclusion In our cohort, seafaring was associated with a higher overall incidence of cancer compared to the general population. While the majority of cancers could not be linked to specific occupational factors, increases in mesothelioma, lip and non-melanoma-skin cancer indicate previous exposure to asbestos, ultraviolet radiation and potentially also chemicals with dermal carcinogenic properties at sea.

Indigenous fisherman divers frequently experience decompression sickness (DCS). This study aimed to evaluate the associations between the level of knowledge of safe diving, beliefs in the health locus of control (HLC), and regular diving practices with DCS among the indigenous fisherman divers on Lipe island. The correlations among the level of beliefs in HLC, knowledge of safe diving and regular diving practices were evaluated also. We enrolled the fisherman divers on Lipe island and collected their demographics, health indices, levels of knowledge of safe diving, beliefs in external and internal HLC (EHLC and IHLC), and regular diving practices to evaluate the associations with the occurrence of DCS by logistic regression analysis. Pearson's correlation was used to test the correlations among the level of beliefs in IHLC and EHLC, knowledge of safe diving, and regular diving practices. Fifty-eight male fisherman divers whose mean age was 40.39 (±10.61) (range 21-57) years were enrolled. Twenty-six (44.8%) participants had experienced DCS. Body mass index (BMI), alcohol consumption, diving depth, duration of time in the sea/dive, level of beliefs in HLC and regular diving practices were significantly associated with DCS (p < 0.05). Level of belief in IHLC had a significantly strong reverse correlation with that in EHLC and a moderate correlation with level of knowledge of safe diving and regular diving practices. By contrast, level of belief in EHLC had a significantly moderate reverse correlation with level of knowledge of safe diving and regular diving practices (p < 0.001). Encouraging the fisherman divers' belief in IHLC could be beneficial for their occupational safety.

Issues of oil spills in various locations worldwide have been widely published in several studies. However, studies on policy management and strategies for handling cases related to oil spills are still limited. As one of the largest oil-producing countries with international shipping traffic, Indonesia is vulnerable to oil spills. Therefore, by drawing upon evidence from Bintan Island, this study aims to provide recommendations for stakeholders concerning governance and policy to address the oil spill case, which has had adverse social, economic, and environmental impacts. Data were collected from semi-structured interviews, focus group discussion, observation, actual online news, and official government reports using a case study approach. The result indicates that the local government is slow in responding to Bintan Island’s reoccurring yearly oil spillage. Policy responses are still focused on repressive and conventional methods. Hence, preventive and multi-stakeholder governance is required to handle oil spills. Furthermore, this study provides an overview of the oil spill problem and its management strategy in developing countries, especially Indonesia.

Indonesia is a country with vast marine areas. It is also part of the world's coral reef triangle, which means that Indonesia has various types of coral reef species. This gives Indonesia a very strong maritime potential. Consequently, many Indonesians work as fishermen. In Pelita Jaya Hamlet, the majority of people work as tuna fishermen. Fishing is a job with high physical activity, so fishermen have the potential to experience musculoskeletal disorders. Musculoskeletal disorders are problems that occur in the human muscular and skeletal systems, characterized by pain, numbness, and limited movement. This was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design approach, involving a sample of 68 people. Based on the analysis of this study, there was no significant relationship between individual characteristics and musculoskeletal disorders, with a p value of 0.808 for age, 0.190 for BMI, 0.357 for work duration, 0.618 for work period, and 0.733 for smoking habits ( > 0.05). However, a significant relationship was found between age and musculoskeletal disorders of the back, with a p value of 0.028. There is no significant relationship between individual characteristics and musculoskeletal disorders, However, there is a significant relationship between age and disorders of the back in tuna fishermen in Pelita Jaya Hamlet, West Seram Regency.

Due to the demand for striped snakeheads ( Channa striata ) as raw material for making exceptional Palembang foods such as corkscrews, fish cake “Pempek”, and crackers, the rate of exploitation becoming high and triggering continuous fishing by the fishermen. Information connected to the stock of striped snakehead is not widely known. This research intends to examine the growth parameters of striped snakehead. The research was held in March, April, June to September 2018 in the Musi River, South Sumatra Province. Fish tackle, including different-sized gill nets and nets, was used to gather fish samples from fishermen. The information acquired includes the rate of exploitation, the rate of mortality from natural or fishingrelated causes, and the rate of total mortality. The calculation results show the rate of total mortality (Z) = 0.95, the rate of natural mortality (M) = 0.67, death due to capture (F) = 0.28, and the rate of exploitation (E) = 0.29 every year.

Indonesia has ratified the international regulations concerning the competence of fishing vessel crews in the form of Standard of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Fishing Vessel Personnel (STCW-F) 1995. Many Indonesian fishermen’s competences are not up to standard. The study was conducted on non-conventional fishing vessels because in Indonesia the numbers are dominated.The purpose of this research is to identify and map the competency quality of non-conventional Fishing Vessel Crew in Pati Regency and Pekalongan City with regard to the marine certificates owned by ship crews according to the STCW-F standard. The analysis uses content analysis of regulations and Gap analysis of expertise competence for the Skipper, Chief Engineer, Chief Officer and First Engineer for Purseiner 30-100 GT in Pati and Pekalongan against Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Regulation Number 33 of 2021. The results show in Pati district and Pekalongan City: the competence of masters is 66.9% and 81.4%, Head of Engine Room 23.1% and 30%, Chief officer 66.9% and 9.1%, and First Engineers are 4.1% and 0%. Recommendations for the fulfillment of the provisions of the Expertise Competency Certification according to the ministerial regulation are by: increasing Awareness, increasing extension of the importance of certification,and strict enforcement of certification rules.

Seaweed is one of the leading export commodities in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. It not only provides high economic returns but also offers significant ecological benefits, particularly in carbon sequestration. One of the main challenges in the development of seaweed commodities is the price volatility, which is highly dependent on market conditions. During harvest periods, prices tend to decrease, resulting in reduced profits for farmers. The aim of this research is to analyze the dynamic impact of the warehouse receipt system (WRS) policy on the seaweed trading systems in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi. The research method employed is a quantitative approach using dynamic systems analysis. The study is conducted in Takalar Regency, which is one of the centers for seaweed cultivation in South Sulawesi. The findings indicate that the supply chain system, or trading system (sales), of seaweed in Takalar Regency generally consists of two components, namely: 1) direct sales of seaweed to collectors/wholesalers, and 2) sales of seaweed to cooperatives (Kospermindo) using the warehouse receipt system. The results of the dynamic systems analysis indicate that the average seaweed farmers can achieve a profit of approximately IDR 15.83 billion, which is around 246.39% higher compared to the direct sales system to traders, which yields a profit of only IDR 4.57 billion. There are several challenges in the development of the warehouse receipt system for seaweed, namely: 1) limited access to information about the warehouse receipt system, 2) insufficient socialization/education/extensive outreach and guidance, 3) the community's lack of interest in the warehouse receipt system due to an immediate need for cash, 4) farmers' mindset that perceives the warehouse receipt system as \"digging a hole to cover a hole\" approach, 5) difficulty for farmers in meeting the quality standards required for the commodities, and 6) limited availability of quality testing institutions at the warehouse locations.

The Buton Strait has a significant role as a fishing ground for the fishermen in Muna Regency, particularly for reef fish. Overfishing activities pose a significant threat to the health of coral reefs. This study aims to assess the status of coral reefs and reef fish, providing initial information for the development of fisheries management strategies in the areas. The method used point intercept transect (PIT), underwater visual census (UVC), and fishermen's caught reports which provide direct information about the diversity and abundance of reef fish. The results of this study are generally classified as good with an average percentage of coral live cover of 60.05%. The diversity index average for coral reef fish is 1.01, which means that the diversity level is moderate. The evenness index, which ranges from 0.16 to 0.55 with average 0.45 which means that the distribution of individuals between species is uneven. The dominance index indicates the extent to which one or a few species dominate the community. With a value below 0.5, it indicates that no species significantly dominates the community.