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"Fitting"
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Human-in-the-loop optimization of exoskeleton assistance during walking
Exoskeletons and active prostheses promise to enhance human mobility, but few have succeeded. Optimizing device characteristics on the basis of measured human performance could lead to improved designs. We have developed a method for identifying the exoskeleton assistance that minimizes human energy cost during walking. Optimized torque patterns from an exoskeleton worn on one ankle reduced metabolic energy consumption by 24.2 ± 7.4% compared to no torque. The approach was effective with exoskeletons worn on one or both ankles, during a variety of walking conditions, during running, and when optimizing muscle activity. Finding a good generic assistance pattern, customizing it to individual needs, and helping users learn to take advantage of the device all contributed to improved economy. Optimization methods with these features can substantially improve performance.
Journal Article
Namdinator – automatic molecular dynamics flexible fitting of structural models into cryo-EM and crystallography experimental maps
Model building into experimental maps is a key element of structural biology, but can be both time consuming and error prone for low-resolution maps. Here we present Namdinator , an easy-to-use tool that enables the user to run a molecular dynamics flexible fitting simulation followed by real-space refinement in an automated manner through a pipeline system. Namdinator will modify an atomic model to fit within cryo-EM or crystallography density maps, and can be used advantageously for both the initial fitting of models, and for a geometrical optimization step to correct outliers, clashes and other model problems. We have benchmarked Namdinator against 39 deposited cryo-EM models and maps, and observe model improvements in 34 of these cases (87%). Clashes between atoms were reduced, and the model-to-map fit and overall model geometry were improved, in several cases substantially. We show that Namdinator is able to model large-scale conformational changes compared to the starting model. Namdinator is a fast and easy tool for structural model builders at all skill levels. Namdinator is available as a web service (https://namdinator.au.dk), or it can be run locally as a command-line tool.
Journal Article
Investigation of Peak Detection Algorithms for Fiber Bragg Grating Interrogation based Sensing Systems for Temperature, Depth and Salinity Measurements
Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors are now one of the prominent and emerging technologies in in the field of optical sensing technology and are used for measurement of strain, depth, temperature and many other applications. This paper reviews the accuracy and stability parameters of four conventional peak seeking algorithms. These algorithms are used in for calculating the peak Bragg wavelength for three different scenarios in which the reflection spectrum of FBG sensors are calculated in our case we consider temperature at 25 C, depth at 6 cm and salinity at 25 PSU. The performance of each of the algorithms i.e., centroid method, Gaussian fitting, polynomial fitting and spline fitting are compared for the above parameters for the actual spectrum and the noisy spectrum on the basis of accuracy and stability and the results are reviewed..
Journal Article
A Minimal Solution for Image-Based Sphere Estimation
We propose a novel minimal solver for sphere fitting via its 2D central projection, i.e., a special ellipse. The input of the presented algorithm consists of contour points detected in a camera image. General ellipse fitting problems require five contour points. However, taking advantage of the isotropic spherical target, three points are enough to define the tangent cone parameters of the sphere. This yields the sought ellipse parameters. Similarly, the sphere center can be estimated from the cone if the radius is known. These proposed geometric methods are rapid, numerically stable, and easy to implement. Experimental results—on synthetic, photorealistic, and real images—showcase the superiority of the proposed solutions to the state-of-the-art methods. A real-world LiDAR-camera calibration application justifies the utility of the sphere-based approach resulting in an error below a few centimeters.
Journal Article
Evaluation of Accuracy in Estimating Diameter at Breast Height Based on the Scanning Conditions of Terrestrial Laser Scanning and Circular Fitting Algorithm
A growing societal interest exists in the application of lidar technology to monitor forest resource information and forestry management activities. This study examined the possibility of estimating the diameter at breast height (DBH) of two tree species, Pinus koraiensis (PK) and Larix kaempferi (LK), by varying the number of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) scans (1, 3, 5, 7, and 9) and DBH estimation methods (circle fitting [CF], ellipse fitting [EF], circle fitting with RANSAC [RCF], and ellipse fitting with RANSAC [REF]). This study evaluates the combination that yields the highest estimation accuracy. The results showed that for PK, the lowest RMSE of 0.97 was achieved when REF was applied to the data from nine scans after noise removal. For LK, the lowest RMSE of 1.03 was observed when applying CF to the data from seven scans after noise removal. Furthermore, ANOVA revealed no significant difference in the estimated DBH from nine scans when more than three scans were used for CF and RCF and more than five for EF and REF. These results are expected to be useful in establishing efficient and accurate DBH estimation plans using TLS for forest resource monitoring.
Journal Article
On the Modularity and Algebraicity of the Lattice of Multiply ω-Composition Fitting Classes
In this paper, the sufficient conditions for the modularity equality for collections of
-multiply
-composition Fitting classes
are found. It is proved that the lattice of all
-multiply
-composition Fitting classes is algebraic
.
Journal Article
Speed planning and interpolation algorithm of high-speed NURBS curve based on an elliptical arc fitting
Taking advantage of the gradual change characteristic of the curvature of the conventional conic ellipse, this paper proposes a method of fitting a non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) curve with an elliptical arc and, thereafter, performing speed planning and interpolation of the elliptical arc itself. First, the method of elliptical arc fitting is introduced and then proven by simulation with comparative previous linear and arc fittings to obtain better fitting accuracy with fewer segments. Subsequently, the tangent vector of any point of an ellipse is used to complete the speed planning and interpolation of that ellipse. In terms of speed planning, the maximum acceleration of any point in the elliptical arc can be obtained by using a tangent vector, and the time speed curve in this work is completed based on this phenomenon. In the interpolation stage, the longest axis of the current point is determined by using the tangent vector of any point of the elliptical arc, according to which the pulse is sent, thereby completing the interpolation operation via this iterative cycle. This method unifies the processing model of the interpolation algorithm, the simplicity and efficiency of which is verified by subsequent simulation data. This method can also be universally applied to processing most other types of curve.
Journal Article
The Irreducible Subgroups of Exceptional Algebraic Groups
This paper is a contribution to the study of the subgroup structure of exceptional algebraic groups over algebraically closed fields
of arbitrary characteristic. Following Serre, a closed subgroup of a semisimple algebraic group
A result of Liebeck and Testerman shows that each irreducible connected subgroup
eBook
Dynamic route planning based on multilayer fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and applications
This paper presents a multi-objective model for ship ocean route planning, which integrates ship vulnerability and meteorological-oceanographic factors for comprehensive risk assessment, while taking IMO regulations as hard constraints. To validate the effectiveness of the model, a case study was conducted on a container ship operating in the Marshall Islands. The results indicate that the planned route generated by our model has a high similarity of 90% with the original planned route, ensuring the entire voyage’s safety. Specifically, the distance error is only 1.62%, the curve fitting excellence reaches 98.71%, and the percentage of risk error is 4.72%. These data demonstrate that the difference between the planned route and the actual route is relatively small, validating the model’s ability to maintain high planning efficiency and accuracy while ensuring route safety.
Journal Article