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Planktonic foraminifera were studied at Lydden Spout, near Folkestone (southeast England, UK), the reference section of the middle Cenomanian Event 1 (MCE 1) characterized by a prominent double-peak δ13C excursion of 1 ‰ identified in different ocean basins and considered a global event. Biostratigraphic and quantitative analysis of planktonic foraminifera are correlated to the δ13C perturbation, to the positive δ18O shifts identified within MCE 1 and to the occurrence of Boreal macrofossils (the bivalves Chlamys arlesiensis and Oxytoma seminudum, and the belemnite Praectinocamax primus). Variations in abundance and species richness of planktonic foraminifera and the inferred palaeoecological preferences of taxa permit the identification of distinct palaeoenvironmental settings across MCE 1. The stratigraphic interval corresponding to MCE 1 is characterized by the absence of oligotrophic rotaliporids, and by the evolutionary appearance of meso-eutrophic dicarinellids and of Muricohedbergella portsdownensis, a cold-water species that occurs at the same level as the Boreal macrofossils. These observations indicate a palaeoceanographic scenario characterized by reduced stratification of surface waters and absence/disruption of the thermocline in a dominantly eutrophic regime during MCE 1. Evidence provided by planktonic foraminifera, Boreal macrofossils and δ18O records documented for the late Cenomanian Plenus Cold Event (PCE) at Eastbourne (UK) reveal similarities that confirm the periodic inflow of cold Boreal seawater originating in the Norwegian Sea as previously postulated to explain the occurrence of Boreal fauna in the Anglo-Paris Basin. The southerly extension of this water mass may be related to the reorganization of circulation driven by the long eccentricity cycle.

Ostensibly contemporary art biennials seek to engage with the places that host them, yet frequently they are viewed critically as elitist ‘art world’ events that are disconnected from their localities. The aim of this article is to establish how public art works in a given context, both as part of a format prescribed by the art event and in its potential to intersect with the intricate, contingent and varied constellation of the urban location in question. It addresses this central tension by examining the case of Folkestone, a town on the south Kent coast in the United Kingdom that once enjoyed a thriving identity as both seaside resort and gateway to Europe. From the 1960s onwards, a gradual decline set in with the advent of mass global travel, culminating in the deathblow that was dealt by the nearby Eurotunnel’s inauguration towards century’s end, which signalled the end of the town’s ferry link to the continental mainland. A concerted attempt has been underway for a decade now to revitalise the town using the arts, creative industries and education as the drivers of regeneration. One of the main initiatives in this endeavour was the introduction in 2008 of the Folkestone Triennial, a 3-month summer event in which high-profile international artists were commissioned to produce sited artworks for the town, turning it into a form of urban gallery. With successive Triennials occurring in 2011 and 2014, and several works from all three being retained as permanent acquisitions, this article takes stock of the impact of these artistic engagements with the town, showing how, as an ensemble, they interact with one another and asking whether they have the capacity to contribute to a reconstituted identity for Folkestone in an integrated and lasting way.

The Actinoceramus sulcatus lineage (Parkinson, 1819) (Bivalvia: Inoceramidae) is a very distinctive and abundant component of late Albian (Early Cretaceous) molluscan assemblages that is found throughout Europe, Central Asia, Japan and the Far East of Russia, southern and western North America, South Africa, and possibly India, in a range of shallow- to deep-marine facies. The lineage encompasses a wide and continuous range of morphologies that provide evidence of phyletic evolution at varying rates combined with large ecophenotypic plasticity within populations. The evolution of A. sulcatus marks the oldest appearance of well-developed radial folds and sulci within the Inoceramidae. The range of morphological variation makes formal taxonomic subdivision of the group problematic. Here we use a combination of formal successional subspecies and informal morphotypes to subdivide the lineage into the following taxa: A. sulcatus forma sulcatus, A. sulcatus forma subsulcatus (Wiltshire, 1869), A. sulcatus forma munsoni (Cragin, 1894), and A. sulcatus biometricus Crampton, 1996. Within these taxa and morphotypes, we synonymise a large number of earlier names that have been applied to variants within the lineage. Each of the forms recognized has biostratigraphic utility and we describe four new lineage biozones, in ascending order: A. concentricus parabolicus, A. sulcatus, A. sulcatus forma munsoni, and A. sulcatus biometricus biozones. The lowest occurrence of A. sulcatus is approximately coincident with the base of the upper Albian as currently defined, at least throughout most of Europe, and this datum provides a valuable tool in correlation. The nature of radial folds within the A. sulcatus lineage poses interesting but still unanswered questions regarding shell morphogenesis in bivalves and the functional significance (if any) of radial folds in the Inoceramidae.

Describes how, in 1902, Dr Robert Koch advanced the idea of the healthy carrier of infection and applied it to the epidemiology of typhoid fever. This new understanding enabled researchers to explain the raised incidence of typhoid in locations where, despite careful investigation, no explanation had previously been forthcoming. Describes how a protracted outbreak in Folkestone, which peaked in 1899 but continued until 1909, was resolved once the connection was made with Mr N, a healthy cowman and milker who was employed at particular farms at the times when the farms' milk came under suspicion.

Sir, - On Saturday, October 6, on the sea front at [BOB MORTIMER Folkestone] my wife and I met a couple from Stoke-on-Trent...

What began as a millennium art project has become a highly charged symbol of the town's future. Its supporters - who include Milligan and [Joanna Lumley], both friends of the artist behind the scheme - say it will regenerate the resort. The council believes the 100m long gallop ing horse will brand Folkestone as an energetic town, attracting visitors and giving pleasure and pride to residents for generations to come. His conviction may have been fostered by a recent visitor from America, who spotted designs for the horse on a website and came to Folkestone believing it already existed. Rather than carve a horse, Folkestone volunteers will fix panels into the soil to reduce damage from erosion and make maintenance easy. Mr [Charles Newington] estimates that it will cost around pounds 4,000, which he believes will be easily raised through donations.

In the national eruption of 1997, the Conservative ascendancy in many struggling seaside resorts was buried under red or yellow molten lava. Folkestone and [Hythe] escaped. Tactical voting failed completely: the Lib Dems, the obvious challengers, lost ground to Labour; and the Tory won by 6,332 with just 39% of the vote. The MP was one [Michael Howard], former home secretary and leadership contender, now a backbencher and standing again, aged 59. Forgotten perhaps, but not gone. The storyline could be pitched at a Hollywood lunch: a hated representative of the ancien regime living quietly by the sea . . . his neighbours have no idea who this mild-mannered gent once was . . . but a lone gunslinger hunts him down - the last piece of unfinished business from the heroic year of 1997 in unheroic 2001. It seems unlikely that many in Lyminge have seen anyone jump off a lorry in their lives. The other candidates insist it's a rare experience even in Folkestone itself, a place in any case well- designed to put migrants off. \"I think he's frustrated,\" said Peter Carroll, the Lib Dem candidate, \"It's just not as big an issue here as in Dover.\" This one is only half Folkestone, with the rest split between Romney Marsh (mysterious politically as well as scenically), the Tory town of Hythe and the even more Tory villages. It's a boundary commission division, not a single community; there is no one mood.