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Food trails : plan 52 perfect weekends in the world's tastiest destinations
For everyone who loves travel and trying the local delicacies, this beautifully illustrated hardback is the must have handbook to a year's worth of perfect weekends around the world for food lovers. Featured trails include the an homage to Buenos Aires steak, cozy wintertime French Canadian cuisine, Puglia's distinctive dishes, and Parisian patisserie. Each trail is an itinerary, detailing when and where to indulge in the local specialties. There are 52 trails, each with gorgeous photography, a bespoke map, expert writing and practical details of how to get there and where to stay. This is the second in Lonely Planet's Perfect Weekends series, following the critically acclaimed Wine Trails.
Book
Artichoke Trail
The ultimate tool for mobile vegetarians, vegans and travelers looking for a good, healthy meal. Over 1,000 restaurants are described, with hundreds featured in great detail and reviewed using the unique Artichoke Trail rating system. Food stores and markets serving the vegetarian community are also listed, as well as facts and interesting tidbits that health-minded individuals will appreciate. You'll find everything from hamburger joints with a superb garden burger option to gourmet raw food restaurants that adhere to strict vegan standards.
eBook
Assessment of Reference Method Selective Broth and Plating Media with 19 Listeria Species Highlights the Importance of Including Diverse Species in Listeria Method Evaluations
Reference methods developed for detection of Listeria monocytogenes are commonly used for detection of Listeria at the genus level. Improved method performance data are needed because this genus has expanded from 6 to 26 species and now includes several Listeria sensu lato species, which can have phenotypes distinct from those of Listeria sensu stricto. We evaluated growth of 19 Listeria species, including 12 recently described Listeria sensu lato species, using the media specified by (i) the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Bacteriological Analytical Manual, (ii) the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Microbiology Laboratory Guidebook, and (iii) the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The FDA broth enrichment procedure allowed all species to grow to detectable levels (≥4 log CFU/mL), yielded the highest mean growth (7.58 log CFU/mL), and was the only procedure with which no Listeria sensu lato species yielded significantly higher growth than did a comparison Listeria sensu stricto species. With the USDA and ISO broth enrichment procedures, several Listeria sensu lato species yielded significantly higher growth than did either Listeria seeligeri or Listeria ivanovii, suggesting that these two Listeria sensu stricto species could be outgrown by Listeria sensu lato species. On selective and differential agar media, L. seeligeri, L. ivanovii, and Listeria grayi produced colonies with atypical morphology and/or growth of these species was inhibited (which may lead to incorrect classification of a sample as negative), whereas several newly described Listeria sensu lato species grew to high levels and produced colonies with typical morphology. Overall, our study results indicate that the ability to detect various Listeria species can be impacted by the specific broth and selective and differential agar used. Our data can help guide selection of appropriate media and detection methods for environmental Listeria monitoring programs and methods that are most likely to detect the targeted Listeria groups (e.g., Listeria sensu stricto, which appear to be the most appropriate index organisms for the pathogen L. monocytogenes).
•Growth of some Listeria sensu lato was higher than that of L. seeligeri or L. ivanovii.•Only buffered Listeria enrichment broth allowed all 19 species to grow to detectable levels.•For several species, atypical colonies were produced and/or growth was inhibited.•Listeria method validation studies must include diverse species to ensure sensitivity.
Journal Article
Thailand's best street food
For many visitors, traveling to Thailand means one thing: enjoying the delicious street food. In Thailand's Best Street Food, freelance writer and food blogger Chawadee Nualkhair details everything that visitors need to know to track down the most delectable dishes--no matter where they are hidden.
Book
Utilizing the Microbiota and Machine Learning Algorithms To Assess Risk of Salmonella Contamination in Poultry Rinsate
Traditional microbiological testing methods are slow, and many molecular-based techniques rely on culture-based enrichment to overcome low limits of detection. Recent advancements in sequencing technologies may make it possible to utilize machine learning to identify patterns in microbiome data to potentially predict the presence or absence of pathogens. In this study, 299 poultry rinsate samples from various points in the processing chain were analyzed to determine if microbiota could inform about a sample's risk for containing Salmonella. Samples were culture confirmed as Salmonella positive or negative following modified U.S. Department of Agriculture Microbiological Laboratory Guidebook protocols. The culture confirmation result was used as a reference to compare with 16S sequencing data. Prechill samples tested positive (71 of 82) at a higher frequency than postchill samples (30 of 217) and contained greater microbial diversity. Due to the larger sample size, postchill samples were analyzed more thoroughly. Analysis of variance identified a significant effect of chilling on the number of genera (P < 0.001), but analysis of similarities failed to provide evidence for microbial dissimilarity between pre- and postchill samples (P = 0.001, R = 0.443). Various machine learning models were trained by using postchill samples to predict if a sample contained Salmonella on the basis of the samples' microbiota preenrichment. The optimal model was a random forest-based model with a performance as follows: accuracy (88%), sensitivity (85%), and specificity (90%). Although the algorithms described in this article are prototypes, these risk-based algorithms demonstrate the potential and need for further studies to provide insight alongside diagnostic tests. Combining risk-based information with diagnostic tools can help poultry processors make informed decisions to help identify and prevent the spread of Salmonella. These data add to the growing body of literature exploring novel ways to utilize microbiome data for predictive food safety.
Journal Article
Effects of Antimicrobial Interventions on Indicator Organisms during Beef Carcass Dressing
Beef slaughter establishments employ many interventions to help minimize the occurrence of pathogens in their products. This study explored the effectiveness of various common interventions on microbial load using the results of the Beef-Veal Carcass Baseline Survey conducted in 2014 to 2015. The Food Safety and Inspection Service analyzed swab samples taken from 1,135 carcasses at 139 establishments. These included paired samples from post-hide removal (before evisceration) and prechill (after evisceration). Samples were tested for pathogens (Salmonella and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli) and indicators (E. coli, Enterobacteriaceae, coliforms, and aerobic count [AC]). The sample size for pathogen-positive samples was small, impeding the establishment of a direct correlation between interventions and pathogens. However, we observed associations between pathogen-positive rate and log AC, indicating similar intervention effectiveness of pathogens and indicators in this study. Generally, the use of interventions reduced indicator concentrations. Each intervention produced a range of effectiveness, suggesting that how interventions are applied may be as important as which interventions are applied. The range of effectiveness for single interventions was a 0.4- to 1.9-log AC reduction; for multihurdle interventions, it ranged from 1.6- to 2.9-log AC reduction. The results of this study may be used by slaughter establishments to help identify effective intervention options for pathogen reduction.
Journal Article
Occurrence of Salmonella in Ready-to-Eat Meat and Poultry Product Samples from U.S. Department of Agriculture–Regulated Producing Establishments. I. Results from the ALLRTE and RTE001 Random and Risk-Based Sampling Projects, from 2005 to 2012
Ready-to-eat (RTE) meat and poultry product samples collected from RTE-producing establishments for the ALLRTE (random) and RTE001 (risk-based) sampling projects of the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) were tested for both Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes. The FSIS analyzed Salmonella results for RTE meat and poultry product samples collected for the two sampling projects from 2005 to 2012. Data for 24,385 ALLRTE samples collected from 3,023 establishments and 66,653 RTE001 samples collected from 2,784 establishments were evaluated for the percentages of Salmonella-positive samples, product types of positive samples, and Salmonella serotypes. There also were descriptive summaries with respect to establishment hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) size, production volumes, L. monocytogenes control alternatives, geographic location, and season or month of sample collection. Results showed low occurrences of Salmonella-positive samples from the ALLRTE and RTE001 sampling projects, with 14 positive samples (0.06%) for ALLRTE and 33 positive samples (0.05%) for RTE001. Percentages of establishments with at least one Salmonella-positive sample averaged 0.46% for ALLRTE and 1.11% for RTE001. Three product types-sausage products, pork barbecue, and head cheese-accounted for 62% of all positive samples. There were 27 distinct serotypes from 48 Salmonella isolates, with serotypes Infantis and Typhimurium being the most common (5 isolates each). All but one of the Salmonella-positive samples were obtained from establishments with HACCP sizes of small or very small. More than half of the positive samples were obtained from establishments using L. monocytogenes control alternative 3 (sanitation only, highest-risk category). Positive Salmonella samples were found in all geographic regions at all times of the year. Information obtained from these sampling projects is relevant to the prevention of foodborne Salmonella illnesses from RTE meat and poultry products.
Journal Article