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This work presents the latest world-wide results in theory and practice of formal techniques for networked and distributed systems. Its theme is addressed by specialized papers in the following areas: formal methods in software development, process algebra, timed automata, theories and applications of verification, distributed systems testing, test sequence derivation. In addition, the last part of the book contains special contributions by leading researchers in the above areas to add breadth and give more perspectives to the results. This volume contains the selected proceedings of the International Conference on Formal Techniques for Networked and Distributed Systems (FORTE 2001), which was sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) and held in Cheju Island, Korea in August 2001. FORTE 2001 combines two prestigious conferences, FORTE (Formal Description Techniques for Distributed Systems and Communication Protocols) and PSTV (Protocol Specification Testing and Verification), and has more than 20 years of history.

The complex information systems which have evolved in recent decades rely on robust and coherent representations in order to function. Such representations and associated reasoning techniques constitute the modern discipline of formal ontology, which is now applied to fields such as artificial intelligence, computational linguistics, bioinformatics, GIS, conceptual modeling, knowledge engineering, information retrieval, and the semantic web. Ontologies are increasingly employed in a number of complex real-world application domains. For instance, in biology and medicine, more and more principle-based ontologies are being developed for the description of biological and biomedical phenomena. To be effective, such ontologies must work well together, and as they become more widely used, achieving coordinated development presents a significant challenge. This book presents collected articles from the 7th International Conference on Formal Ontologies (FOIS), held in Graz, Austria, in July 2012. FOIS is a forum which brings together representatives of all major communities involved in the development and application of ontologies to explore both theoretical issues and concrete applications in the field. The book is organized in eight sections, each of which deals with the ontological aspects of: bioinformatics; physical entities; artifacts and human resources; ontology evaluation; language and social relations; time and events; representation and the methodological aspects of ontological engineering.Providing a current overview of developments in formal ontology, this book will be of interest to all those whose work involves the application of ontologies, and to anybody wishing to keep abreast of advances in the field.

FORTE 2001, formerly FORTE/PSTV conference, is a combined conference of FORTE (Formal Description Techniques for Distributed Systems and Communication Protocols) and PSTV (Protocol Specification, Testing and Verification) conferences. This year the conference has a new name FORTE (Formal Techniques for Networked and Distributed Systems). The previous FORTE began in 1989 and the PSTV conference in 1981. Therefore the new FORTE conference actually has a long history of 21 years. The purpose of this conference is to introduce theories and formal techniques applicable to various engineering stages of networked and distributed systems and to share applications and experiences of them. This FORTE 2001 conference proceedings contains 24 refereed papers and 4 invited papers on the subjects. We regret that many good papers submitted could not be published in this volume due to the lack of space. FORTE 2001 was organized under the auspices of IFIP WG 6.1 by Information and Communications University of Korea. It was financially supported by Ministry of Information and Communication of Korea. We would like to thank every author who submitted a paper to FORTE 2001 and thank the reviewers who generously spent their time on reviewing. Special thanks are due to the reviewers who kindly conducted additional reviews for rigorous review process within a very short time frame. We would like to thank Prof. Guy Leduc, the chairman of IFIP WG 6.1, who made valuable suggestions and shared his experiences for conference organization.

Ontology began life in ancient times as a fundamental part of philosophical enquiry concerned with the analysis and categorisation of what exists. In recent years, the subject has taken a practical turn with the advent of complex computerised information systems which are reliant on robust and coherent representations of their subject matter. The systematisation and elaboration of such representations and their associated reasoning techniques constitute the modern discipline of formal ontology, which is now being applied to such diverse domains as artificial intelligence, computational linguistics, bioinformatics, GIS, knowledge engineering, information retrieval and the Semantic Web. Researchers in all these areas are becoming increasingly aware of the need for serious engagement with ontology, understood as a general theory of the types of entities and relations making up their respective domains of enquiry, to provide a solid foundation for their work. The conference series Formal Ontology in Information Systems (FOIS) provides a meeting point for researchers from these and other disciplines with an interest in formal ontology, where both theoretical issues and concrete applications can be explored in a spirit of genuine interdisciplinarity. This volume contains the proceedings of the sixth FOIS conference, held in Toronto, Canada, during 11-14 May 2010, including invited talks by Francis Jeffry Pelletier, John Bateman, and Alan Rector and the 28 peer-reviewed submissions selected for presentation at the conference, ranging from foundational issues to more application-oriented topics.

Focusing on the day-to-day delivery of quality service that can drive a successful partnership between the Human Resources (HR) department and the rest of the company, this handbook demonstrates how HR managers can and must ensure that their teams develop the ability to anticipate and attend to the needs, wants, and expectations of managers and their employees. As it provides practical tools and guidance on building world-class HR departments, this guide aids HR leaders to plan for future client needs, conduct internal audits, and hire as well as reward customer-centric individuals.  Lessons learned from thriving businesses, such as Walt Disney Co., Marriott International Inc., and Darden's restaurants, are also applied and explained in the HR context.

Focusing on the day-to-day delivery of quality service that can drive a successful partnership between the Human Resources (HR) department and the rest of the company, this handbook demonstrates how HR managers can and must ensure that their teams develop the ability to anticipate and attend to the needs, wants, and expectations of managers and their employees. As it provides practical tools and guidance on building world-class HR departments, this guide aids HR leaders to plan for future client needs, conduct internal audits, and hire as well as reward customer-centric individuals. Lessons l

We return to the frustrating subject of apportionment. In the preceding chapter I recounted that Kenneth Arrow proved that any election method that satisfies reasonable conditions of rationality—like avoiding cycles—is either imposed or dictatorial, and that Allan Gibbard and Mark Satterthwaite showed that any democratic election method can be manipulated. This chapter will, unfortunately, be the bearer of further bad tidings: a fair and true allocation of seats in Congress is also a mathematical impossibility. With the size of the House fixed at 435 in 1912, the Alabama Paradox no longer loomed. And after the inclusion of Alaska