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The notion of climate change anxiety has gained traction in the last years. Clayton & Karazsia (2020) recently developed the 22-item Climate Change Anxiety Scale (CAS), which assesses climate change anxiety via a four-factor structure. Yet other research has cast doubts on the very structure of the CAS by calling either for a shorter (i.e. 13 items) two-factor structure or for a shorter single-factor structure (i.e. 13 items). So far, these three different models have not yet been compared in one study. Moreover, uncertainty remains regarding the associations between the CAS and other psychological constructs, especially anxiety and depression. This project was designed to overcome these limitations. In a first preregistered study (n = 305), we translated the scale into French and tested, via confirmatory factor alyses (CFA), whether the French version would better fit with a four-, two-, or single-factor structure, as implied by previous works. We also examined how the CAS factors related to depression, anxiety, and environmental identity. In a second preregistered study, we aimed at replicating our comparison between the three CFA models in a larger sample (n = 905). Both studies pointed to a 13-item version of the scale with a two-factor structure as the best fitting model, with one factor reflecting cognitive and emotiol features of climate change anxiety and the other reflecting the related functiol impairments. Each factor exhibited a positive association with depression and environmental identity but not with general anxiety. We discuss how this two-factor structure impacts the conceptualization of climate change anxiety.

IntroductionThe self-report version of the Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS-SR) is a reliable and valid instrument to assess panic disorder, but is unavailable in French.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to conduct a transcultural validation of the French-Canadian PDSS-SR and examine its psychometric properties.MethodsThis study is part of a pragmatic RCT of group transdiagnostic CBT for anxiety disorders, and includes 272 adults meeting DSM-5 panic disorder diagnostic criteria. At baseline, participants completed the Anxiety and Related Disorders Interview Schedule (ADIS-5), the French-Canadian PDSS-SR and self-report measures. Convergent validity was assessed with Spearman correlations, Cronbach’s α was used to analyse internal consistency, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) evaluated its factor structure. Sensitivity to change was assessed with paired sample t-tests in patients (n = 72) meeting DSM-5 criteria for panic disorder at baseline with posttreatment data.Results108 patients met DSM-5 criteria for panic disorder, including 58 with agoraphobia. The majority were women (85.3%) and mean age was 37.1 (SD = 12.4). Internal consistency (Cronbach’s α) was 0.91. For convergent validity, the highest correlation was with the Beck Anxiety Inventory (r = 0.64). CFA suggested a two-factor model. Optimal threshold for probable diagnosis was 10. Analyses support sensitivity to change when comparing transdiagnostic group CBT and control conditions.ConclusionsWith its good psychometric properties in primary care patients, the French-Canadian self-report version of the Panic Disorder Severity Scale is an efficient and practical instrument for both clinicians and researchers working in the field of mental health.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

This study validated the French version of the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS-F) and tested the protective role of resilience in the context of vicarious trauma (22 March 2016 terrorist attacks in Brussels) regarding anxiety and depression symptoms. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated a single-factor structure of the BRS-F. Investigation of convergent validity showed that the BRS-F was positively correlated with usual outcomes such as subjective happiness, acceptance, and sense of coherence, and negatively correlated with anxiety and depression symptoms. Lastly, the results of the study showed that resilience protected against the effect of vicarious trauma in two ways. First, at the time of exposure, the more resilient individuals reported lower levels of anxiety and depression symptoms. Second, after three months, the more resilient individuals recovered from these symptoms, whereas no significant effect was found for less resilient individuals. Theoretical and clinical implications of the findings are discussed.

The Interpersol Reactivity Index (IRI) is one of the most used self-report measures of empathy, comprising 4 factors assessing both cognitive and affective empathy. Nowadays, three different French adaptations of this instrument co-exist. This research compares the three French adaptations of the IRI scale using both quantitative and qualitative evaluations. In Study 1, a French-speaking sample (N = 339) completed all three French IRI versions at 2-month time intervals in a counterbalanced order. In Study 2, the item wording of the three versions was evaluated by six independent professiol translators. Study 1 assessed the items’ distribution, the scale’s factorial structure, the subscales’ interl consistency, and their correlations with altertive measures of empathy (the Empathy Quotient) and other clinically relevant indicators (anxiety, depression). These quantitative alyses highlighted that all three French adaptations can be used for research purposes. They all exhibit acceptable interl consistency, a factorial structure compliant with the 4-factor model origilly proposed by Davis, as well as convergent and discrimint validity. However, by combining item quantitative alyses and translators’ judgments, we revealed some problematic items in each version. Taken together, the findings suggest that the French IRI adaptations by Guttman & Laporte (2000) and Braun et al. (2015) should be slightly preferred. To improve the overall quality of each French IRI version, we provide some recommendations about how to adapt problematic items.

The COVID-19 crisis represents a global health concern, including mental health. Regarding the necessity to assess anxiety related to COVID-19, a scale was developed (Ahorsu et al., 2020 ). The goal of the present study was to validate the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) in French (official language in 29 countries), and investigate its relationship with indicators of affective disturbances. The sample comprised 316 participants (271 females) recruited online during the French lockdown. They were from several regions of France. The FCV-19S underwent a forward-backward translation procedure. Its psychometric properties were evaluated with the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The French FCV-19S demonstrated a stable unidimensional structure with robust psychometric properties (strong internal consistency, good convergent and divergent validity, and good test-retest validity). With its robust psychometric properties in assessing the unidimensional construct of the fear of COVID-19, this scale will help to provide a better understanding of the relationship between emotions and psychological or psychiatric disorders during the pandemics in French-speaking countries.

Background Exposure to public stigma can lead to stereotype endorsement and resignation, which are constructs related to self-stigma. This latter phenomenon has well-documented deleterious consequences for people living with mental illness. Paradoxically, it can also lead to the empowering reactions of righteous anger and coming out proud. Aim The aim of this study was to develop and validate a brief tool to measure stereotype endorsement, righteous anger, and non-disclosure across different groups of stigmatized persons. This process was conducted in collaboration with users. Method Using focus groups with mental health professionals and people living with mental illness, 72 items were developed to measure various aspects of self-stigma. The Paradox of Self-Stigma scale (PaSS-24) containing 24 items and three subscores (stereotype endorsement, non-disclosure, and righteous anger) resulted from a calibration phase using factor analysis. This structure was cross-validated on an independent sample. Internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and convergent validity were also evaluated. Results 202 patients were assessed. The PaSS-24 demonstrated good internal validity. Internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and convergent validity estimates were also good. Conclusions The PaSS-24 is a short but psychometrically rigorous tool designed to measure self-stigma and related constructs in French language, developed in collaboration with users. The development and validation of the PaSS-24 represent a first step towards implementing and evaluating programs aimed at reducing negative consequences of self-stigma.

Sexual coercion describes the use of any tactic to engage someone in sexual behaviours despite the absence of consent or explicit refusal. Although women and sexual and gender minorities can be perpetrators, acts of sexual coercion are mostly committed by heterosexual men from the general population. Over the years, the Sexual Experiences Survey-Perpetration (SES-P; Abbey et al., 2005; Koss et al., 2007; Koss & Gidycz, 1985) has become the most widely used instrument to assess sexual coercion perpetration in the general population. Even though different versions of the SES-P have been used on French-speaking populations, none has undergone proper validation. The purpose of this research was to validate the French-translated version of the Tactics First-Sexual Experiences Survey-Perpetrator (TF-SES-P) by replicating the results provided in the original article and providing psychometric properties regarding its validity and reliability. A total of 153 heterosexual men with an age of 27.5 years (SD = 4.3) completed self-report measures, including the back-translated French TF-SES-P. Results indicate that 64.1% of the men who complete the French TF-SES-P had perpetrated sexual coercion, compared to 69.0% in the original article. These proportions are statistically equivalent. Item-to-item proportion comparisons also revealed no significant between-sample differences on most items (31/35). In addition, the French TF-SES-P presented good internal consistency as well as good convergent, divergent, and predictive validity. These results suggest the French TF-SES-P is a valid measure to assess sexual coercion perpetration in French-speaking heterosexual men of the general population. La coercition sexuelle décrit l'utilisation de toute stratégie pour engager quelqu'un dans des comportements sexuels malgré l'expression d'un refus explicite ou l'absence de consentement. Bien que les femmes et les minorités sexuelles et de genre puissent en être auteurs, la coercition sexuelle est majoritairement perpétrée par des hommes hétérosexuels de la population générale. Au fil des années, le Sexual Experiences Survey-Perpetrator (SES-P; Abbey et al., 2005; Koss et Gidycz, 1985; Koss et al, 2007) est devenu l'instrument le plus largement utilisé pour évaluer la perpétration de coercition sexuelle dans la population générale. Même si différentes versions du SES-P ont été utilisées auprès de populations francophones, aucune n'a fait l'objet d'une validation adéquate. Le but de cette recherche était de valider la version rétrotraduite en français du Tactics First-Sexual Experiences Survey-Perpetrator (TF-SES-P) en reproduisant les résultats fournis dans l'article original et en fournissant des propriétés psychométriques concernant sa validité et sa fidélité. Au total, 153 hommes hétérosexuels âgés de 27,5 ans (ET = 4,3) ont rempli des mesures auto-rapportées, dont la version rétrotraduite en français du TF-SES-P. Les résultats indiquent que 64,1 % des hommes qui ont rempli la version française du TF-SES-P ont perpétré de la coercition sexuelle, comparativement à 69,0 % des hommes dans l'article original. Ces proportions sont statistiquement équivalentes. Des comparaisons item par item n'ont également révélé aucune différence significative entre les échantillons pour la plupart des items (31/35). De plus, la version française du TF-SES-P présentait une bonne cohérence interne ainsi qu'une bonne validité convergente, divergente et prédictive. Ces résultats appuient les qualités psychométriques de la version française du TF-SES-P et suggèrent qu'il s'agit d'une mesure valide pour évaluer la perpétration de coercition sexuelle chez les hommes hétérosexuels francophones de la population générale. Public Significance Statement The purpose of this research was to validate the French-translated version of the Tactics First-Sexual Experiences Survey-Perpetrator (TF-SES-P) in heterosexual men. Results support the use of the French TF-SES-P to assess sexual coercion perpetration in French-speaking heterosexual men. The validation of the French TF-SES-P meets a long-lasting need for research on sexual coercion perpetration in French-speaking populations.

During the prodromal phase of psychosis, individuals may experience an aberrant attribution of salience to irrelevant stimuli. The concept of aberrant salience has been hypothesized to be a central mechanism in the emergence and maintenance of psychosis. The 29-item Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI) was designed to measure five aspects of aberrant salience. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the French version of the ASI comparing patients with psychosis, patients with other diagnosis and healthy, non-clinical participants. The French-language ASI was adapted using the back-translation procedure. Two hundred and eighty-two participants issued from the general population and 150 psychiatric patients were evaluated. Internal validity was assessed using a two-parameter logistic item response model. Reliability was estimated using a test–retest procedure. Convergent validity was estimated using correlations between the ASI scores and several other scales. Sensitivity was evaluated by comparing the scores of participants with a diagnosis of psychosis, patients with other diagnoses and the general population. The best model distinguished three factors: Enhanced Interpretation and Emotionality, Sharpening of Senses and Heightened Cognition. Reliability and convergent validity estimates were good in both groups. The Sharpening of Senses factor was able to discriminate between patients and the general population. Only the Heightened Cognition factor was able to discriminate patients with psychosis from the other psychiatric patients. The ASI is a valid and reliable tool to study not only the aberrant salience phenomenon in patients with psychosis, but also with other diagnoses and within the general population.

Aims: In 2018, the 11th version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) recognized a new diagnosis in addition to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), that of Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (C-PTSD). A new measurement tool was developed to assess both disorders: the International Trauma Questionnaire. The objectives of this study were (a) to conduct a French translation of the tool, (b) to confirm the factorial structure of the tool, (c) to verify its convergent and divergent validity, (d) and finally to ensure its temporal stability. Method: The ITQ was translated into French using a committee approach, bringing together experts and bilingual individuals with a dual French-English culture. It was then completed by 750 people residing in France and having been exposed to potentially traumatic events, recruited from the general population. Other measures were also completed (HADS, ITEM, PCL-5, WHO-5, DERS). Results: Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the French version of the ITQ had the same factor structure as the original version. The scale showed satisfactory convergent and divergent validity, as well as good stability over time. Conclusion: Our study suggests that the French version of the ITQ is a good measurement tool for assessing PTSD and C-PTSD according to the ICD-11 diagnostic criteria. HIGHLIGHTS This study provides the first translation and validation of the International Trauma Questionnaire in the French population. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the French version of the ITQ had the same factor structure as the original version. The French version of the ITQ showed good convergent and divergent validity, as well as good test-retest reliability.

Cette recherche présente la validation française d'outils de mesure de la motivation à boire, cette variable constituant un intérêt majeur dans la compréhension des comportements d'alcoolisation. À ce sujet, les modèles les plus connus sont le Motivational Model of Alcohol Use de Cox et Klinger (1988, 1990) et le Four-Factor Model de Cooper (1994). Actuellement, aucun outil francophone n'est basé sur ces modèles. Pour y remédier, cet article présente la traduction de deux questionnaires largement utilisés pour mesurer les motivations à boire, notamment auprès de la population étudiante qui est reconnue comme davantage à risque de s'alcooliser. Le premier outil s'intéresse aux motivations à boire en général avec le Questionnaire des Motivations à Boire (QMB) correspondant à la version française du Drinking Motive Questionnaire Revised Short Form (DMQ-R SF) de Kuntsche et Kuntsche (2009). Le deuxième outil porte sur les motivations à boire en contexte sportif avec l'Échelle des Motivations Sportives à consommer de l'Alcool (EMSA) qui correspond à la version française de l'Athlete Drinking Scale (ADS) de Martens et al. (2005). Les analyses factorielles exploratoires et confirmatoires ont été réalisées auprès de 630 étudiants avec parmi eux 558 étudiants sportifs. Les résultats obtenus attestent d'une fidélité et d'une validité satisfaisante et retrouvent la structure factorielle des outils originaux tout en appuyant les qualités psychométriques du QMB et de l'EMSA pour leur utilisation en contexte général et sportif. De plus, l'étude des liens entre ces questionnaires et la consommation d'alcool fournit des éléments pour des réflexions cliniques et de recherche dans ce domaine. This research introduces the French validation of tools for measuring motivation to drink, a variable of major interest in understanding drinking behaviour. The best-known models in this field are the Motivational Model of Alcohol Use by Cox and Klinger (1988, 1990) and the Four-Factor Model by Cooper (1994). At present, there is no French tool based on those models. As a remedy, this article presents a translation of two questionnaires that are widely used to measure motivations to drink, particularly among the student population, a group recognized to be at greater risk of alcoholism. The first tool is concerned with motivations to drink in general using the Questionnaire des motivations à boire (QMB) representing the French version of the Drinking Motive Questionnaire Revised Short Form (DMQ-R SF) by Kuntsche and Kuntsche (2009). The second tool looks at the motivations to drink in a sports context using the Échelle des motivations sportives à consommer de l'alcool (EMSA), which is the French equivalent of the Athlete Drinking Scale (ADS) by Martens et al. (2005). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was conducted among 630 students, of whom 558 were athletes. The results show satisfactory reliability and validity that maintains the factor structure of the original tools while supporting the psychometric properties of both QMB and EMSA for use in a general and athletic context. In addition, a study of the links between these questionnaires and alcohol consumption offers scope for clinical reflection and research in this field.