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"Future time"
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Factors influencing continuance intention of customers aged 50 years and over for self-service banking technology: A future time perspective
In the banking industry, people aged 50 years and over have a lowadoption rate for the self-service technology that is gradually replacing traditional manual services. We based our studyon socioemotional selectivity theory and analyzed the continued use intentions of people aged 50
years and over for self-service technology from a future time perspective. We collected 200 valid survey forms from people in this age group who had experience with self-service banking. The results showed that the perceived benefits and perceived sacrifices played essential roles in mediating
the relationship between the respondents' future time perspective and their intention to continue to use the technology. The results of this study provide new research perspectives on technology adoption among people aged 50 plus; for banks or other businesses introducing self-service technology,
our findings will help them to improve the service experience and increase the adoption rate of self-service technology among their older customers.
Journal Article
Future Time Orientation Scale: a new measure to assess the psychological future
The existing literature includes distinct psychometric measures designed to assess the psychological future. Examples include the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory and the Future Time Perspective Scale. Nevertheless, these measures have been found to have certain statistical and theoretical limitations, or they predominantly concentrate on a singular aspect of the future. This article aims to address these limitations by introducing the Future Time Orientation Scale (FTOS), a novel instrument designed to assess the psychological future. The article comprises three studies involving five distinct samples that encompassed 3,316 participants from Brazil and Portugal. The FTOS consists of two factors, each containing five and three items, respectively. The factors assess impact (i.e., influence of the psychological future in current decisions and behavior) and distance (i.e., perceptions of time distance into the future). Across the three studies, validity and reliability evidence is established through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, measurement invariance models, ceiling and floor effect assessment, four types of reliability coefficients, and relations to other measures. Therefore, the FTOS is ready for further use, development, and testing in other research and practice contexts.
Journal Article
Occupational future time perspective
Occupational future time perspective (OFTP) refers to employees' perceptions of their future in the employment context. Based on lifespan and organizational psychology theories, we review research on OFTP and offer a meta-analysis of antecedents and outcomes of OFTP (K = 40 independent samples, N = 19,112 workers). Results show that OFTP is associated with individual characteristics and personal resources, including age (ρ = −0.55), job tenure (ρ = −0.23), organizational tenure (ρ = −0.25), educational level (ρ = 0.16), and self-rated physical health (ρ = 0.16), as well as job characteristics, such as job autonomy (ρ = 0.22). Moreover, OFTP is related to important work outcomes, including job satisfaction (ρ = 0.28), organizational commitment (ρ = 0.41), work engagement (ρ = 0.22), retirement intentions (ρ = −0.37), and work continuance intentions (ρ = 0.16). OFTP is also related to task (ρ = 0.11) and contextual performance (ρ = 0.20). Additional analyses show that OFTP predicts job attitudes and work performance above and beyond the effects of another developmental regulation construct, selection, optimization, and compensation strategies. Overall, the findings of our meta-analysis suggest that OFTP is an important construct in the context of an aging workforce.
Journal Article
Human resource management systems and work attitudes
This paper examines the role of employees’ future time perspective (FTP) in the association between human resource management (HRM) systems and work-related attitudes. Drawing on social exchange theory, signaling theory, and affective events theory, we hypothesize HRM systems’ indirect effects on individual-level job satisfaction and affective organizational commitment as mediated by FTP. The results of this multilevel study, comprising 913 employees of 76 business units, provide evidence that HRM systems have (i) direct effects on employees’ FTP and (ii) indirect effects on job satisfaction and organizational commitment via FTP. In addition, three HRM bundles’ (i.e., knowledge, skills, and abilities enhancing; motivation enhancing; and opportunity enhancing) corresponding indirect effects are explored. We discuss the results, theoretical contributions, and practical implications of the study, as well as future research directions.
Journal Article
Time Perspective, Intended Academic Engagement, and Academic Performance
Time perspective theory addresses how individuals’ emphasis on past, present, and future events influence their behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between time perspective and academic performance among college students using longitudinal, official GPA data, while also considering students’ intended academic engagement—that is, their stated intention to engage in academically beneficial behavior toward the beginning of the semester. Overall, the future, present-hedonistic, present-fatalistic, and past-negative time perspectives were associated with intended academic engagement, while only the future, present-fatalistic and past-negative time perspectives were associated with GPA in the subsequent two semesters. However, only the future time perspective was a unique predictor of intended academic engagement and GPA. Furthermore, intended academic engagement was found to mediate the relationship between future time perspective and GPA after one semester but not two semesters. The results underscore the importance of the future time perspective in relation to academic performance.
Journal Article
Longitudinal Associations between Future Time Perspective, Sleep Problems, and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese College Students: Between‐ and within‐Person Effects
Depressive symptoms and sleep problems are extremely prevalent in adolescence, and future time perspective has been found to be strongly associated with them. However, little is known about the longitudinal relationship and the temporal dynamics of future time perspective, sleep problems, and depressive symptoms. Moreover, it is unclear whether sleep problems mediate the associations between future time perspective and depressive symptoms. To address this gap, a one-year longitudinal study was performed using data collected at three waves from 622 Chinese college students (aged 17–22 years,
M
age
= 18.16,
SD
= 1.49, 46.95% males). The results of cross-lagged panel models showed a bidirectional relationship between future time perspective and depressive symptoms, and that sleep problems were a mediating mechanism for these relationships. The results of random intercept cross-lagged panel models showed that at the within-person level, the change of sleep problems and depressive symptoms significantly affected the development of future time perspective, but the reverse effect not significant. Moreover, sleep problems mediated the within-person effect of depressive symptoms on future time perspective. These findings deepen the understanding of the longitudinal relationship between future time perspective, sleep problems and depressive symptoms, and emphasize the important role of sleep health in adolescent mental health and future development.
Journal Article
Understanding time perspective’s influence on academic burnout and achievement in Chinese undergraduates
University students are highly vulnerable to experiencing academic burnout due to various pressures, necessitating an exploration of its causes and effects. Time perspective theory emphasizes how individuals' perspectives of past, present, and future events shape their behavior. Yet, the relationship between time perspective, burnout, and academic achievement remains unclear. This study investigates this association in Chinese undergraduates using survey and official grade point average (GPA) data. Results indicate positive correlations between Past-Negative, Present-Hedonistic (PH), Present-Fatalistic time perspectives, and academic burnout. Additionally, only Present-Hedonistic (PH) and future time perspectives significantly predict GPA. A mediation model reveals misbehavior as a mediator between Present-Hedonistic (PH) time perspective and GPA. These findings highlight time perspective’s importance in academic well-being and outcomes, shedding light on the distinct roles of future and Present-Hedonistic time perspectives.
Journal Article
The future-time reference of home-country language and immigrant self-employment: an imprinting perspective
Immigrants came from different countries exhibit a high diversity in self-employment rates, making it vital to identify the sources of this diversity. Drawing on the linguistic relativity theory and imprinting theory, we argue that the future-time reference of home-country language is a key source, as it forms an imprinting on an immigrant of how to value future rewards and then affects his/her behaviors. Utilizing data collected by the American Housing Survey, we find that home- country language with weak future-time reference encourages an immigrant to be self-employed and the effect is mitigated by duration of residence. We clarify a new source of diversity in self- employment rates across immigrant groups. Moreover, we extend the implications of future-time reference to immigrant self-employment and identify a novel way by which duration of residence plays its role in immigrant life.Plain English SummaryThis study finds that home-country language with weak future-time reference encourages an immigrant to be self-employed, but this effect is mitigated by his/her duration of residence. Hence, policymakers should provide support for immigrants whose home-country languages are weak in future-time reference to help them be self-employed. Policymakers should offer job opportunities and related help to immigrants whose home-country languages are strong in future-time reference. They also need to consider the needs of new immigrants, since new immigrants are affected more strongly by the imprinting formed at home-country and face greater difficulties in host country.
Journal Article