Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
15,566
result(s) for
"GEMMA"
Sort by:
A bitter feast : a novel
\"In the 18th entry of Crombie's \"excellent\" ( Miami Herald) series, Scotland Yard detectives Duncan Kincaid and Gemma James are pulled into a dangerous web of secrets, lies, and murder buried beneath the surface of a picturesque village.\"-- Publisher's description.
Book
A6.33Changes in Hyaluronan metabolism is associated with inflammatory cytokines in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Background and objectivesHyaluronan (HA) is a glucosaminoglycane, mainly known for its lubricating and shock absorbing properties in joints, present in almost every tissue in the body. An association was recently reported between the concentration of HA and back stiffness in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Depending on the molecular size, HA also has different inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to analyse plasma levels of HA in ASpatients and a reference population to evaluate any difference between the groups regarding HA concentration and/or molecular weight of HA molecules. We also compared the results in the patient group with variables reflecting inflammation and stiffness as measured by BASFI.Materials and methodsIn a cohort of 66 patients with AS and a matched reference population of 30 controls, HA concentration was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In subgroups consisting of in all 30 patients and eleven controls, respectively, selected with respect to inflammatory and stiffness status, HA molecular weight was analysed using gasphase electrophoretic molecular mobility analysis (GEMMA). In the patient group, the results were compared with laboratory and other parameters available.ResultsNo difference was found between the groups regarding HA total concentration (p = 0.77). However, when assessing the molecular weight with GEMMA, a relative increase of high molecular weight (HMW) HA compared to low molecular weight (LMW) HA was discovered. HMW HA (GEMMA peak 4) increased with a fold change of 2.4 (p < 0.02). The levels of a group of cytokines, TNF- alpha , IL-6, IL-17 and IFN- gamma , correlated in the AS patients, where the levels of TNF- alpha and IL-6 also correlated to the relative increase of HMW HA (peak 4), compared to LMW HA.There were no significant correlations between HA and the stiffness status of the patients.ConclusionsThe correlation of the levels of inflammatory factors to changes in the HA metabolism may indicate an association of HA to the development of AS. Furthermore, HA showed a link to inflammatory processes via TNF. The significant correlation found among the patients between the concentrations of HA of a certain molecular weight and TNF- alpha is interesting, since TNF- alpha inhibitors are used successfully in the treatment of AS. However, the patients' estimation of their stiffness could not be related to the molecular analyses.
Journal Article
DWARF27 and CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASE 7 genes regulate release, germination and growth of gemma in Marchantia polymorpha
Strigolactones (SLs), a class of carotenoid-derived hormones, play a crucial role in flowering plants by regulating underground communication with symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM) and controlling shoot and root architecture. While the functions of core SL genes have been characterized in many plants, their roles in non-tracheophyte plants like liverworts require further investigation. In this study, we employed the model liverwort species
Marchantia polymorpha
, which lacks detectable SL production and orthologs of key SL biosynthetic genes, including
CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASE 8
(
CCD8
) and
MORE AXILLARY GROWTH 1
(
MAX1
). However, it retains some SL pathway components, including
DWARF27
(
D27
) and
CCD7
. To help elucidate the function of these remaining components in
M. polymorpha
, knockout mutants were generated for
MpD27–1
,
MpD27–2
and
MpCCD7
. Phenotypic comparisons of these mutants with the wild-type control revealed a novel role for these genes in regulating the release of gemmae from the gemma cup and the germination and growth of gemmae in the dark.
Mpd27–1
,
Mpd27–2
, and
Mpccd7
mutants showed lower transcript abundance of genes involved in photosynthesis, such as
EARLY LIGHT INDUCED
(
ELI
), and stress responses such as
LATE EMBRYOGENESIS ABUNDANT
(
LEA
) but exhibited higher transcript levels of
ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTORS
(
ERFs
) and SL and carotenoid related genes, such as
TERPENE SYNTHASE
(
TS
),
CCD7
and
LECITHIN-RETINAL ACYL TRANSFERASE (LRAT)
. Furthermore, the mutants of
M. polymorpha
in the SL pathway exhibited increased contents of carotenoid. This unveils a previously unrecognized role for
MpD27–1, MpD27–2
and
MpCCD7
in controlling release, germination, and growth of gemmae in response to varying light conditions. These discoveries enhance our comprehension of the regulatory functions of SL biosynthesis genes in non-flowering plants.
Journal Article
Genome-wide efficient mixed-model analysis for association studies
Matthew Stephens and Xiang Zhou report an efficient exact method for accounting for population stratification and relatedness in genome-wide association analyses. Their method, genome-wide efficient mixed-model association (GEMMA) is implemented in freely available software.
Linear mixed models have attracted considerable attention recently as a powerful and effective tool for accounting for population stratification and relatedness in genetic association tests. However, existing methods for exact computation of standard test statistics are computationally impractical for even moderate-sized genome-wide association studies. To address this issue, several approximate methods have been proposed. Here, we present an efficient exact method, which we refer to as genome-wide efficient mixed-model association (GEMMA), that makes approximations unnecessary in many contexts. This method is approximately
n
times faster than the widely used exact method known as efficient mixed-model association (EMMA), where
n
is the sample size, making exact genome-wide association analysis computationally practical for large numbers of individuals.
Journal Article
Now may you weep
\"Newly appointed Detective Inspector Gemma James has never questioned her friend Hazel Cavendish about her past. So it is quite a shock when Gemma learns that their holiday retreat to the Scottish Highlands is, in fact, Hazel's homecoming--and that fellow hotel guest Donald Brodie was once Hazel's lover ... And the fires of a fierce and passionate affair may not have burned out completely--on Brodie's part, at least, since he's prepared to destroy Hazel's marriage to win her back. But when a sudden, brutal murder unleashes a slew of dark secrets and long-seething hatreds, ... Gemma knows she will need help unraveling this very bloody knot--and calls on the one man she trusts more than any other, Scotland Yard Superintendent Duncan Kincaid, to join her far from home--and in harm's way\"--Page 4 of cover.
Book
An Evolutionarily Conserved Coreceptor Gene Is Essential for CLAVATA Signaling in Marchantia polymorpha
Growth and development of land plants are controlled by CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-related (CLE) family of peptide hormones. In contrast to the genetic diversity of CLE family in flowering plants, the liverwort
Marchantia polymorpha
possesses a minimal set of CLE, MpCLE1(TDIF homolog), and MpCLE2 (CLV3 homolog). MpCLE1 and MpCLE2 peptides exert distinct function at the apical meristem of
M. polymorpha
gametophyte via specific receptors, MpTDIF RECEPTOR (MpTDR) and MpCLAVATA1 (MpCLV1), respectively, both belonging to the subclass XI of leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs). Biochemical and genetic studies in Arabidopsis have shown that TDR/PXY family and CLV1/BAM family recognize the CLE peptide ligand in a heterodimeric complex with a member of subclass-II coreceptors. Here we show that three LRR-RLK genes of
M. polymorpha
are classified into subclass II, representing three distinct subgroups evolutionarily conserved in land plants. To address the involvement of subclass-II coreceptors in
M. polymorpha
CLE signaling, we performed molecular genetic analysis on one of them, Mp
CLAVATA3 INSENSITIVE RECEPTOR KINASE
(Mp
CIK
). Two knockout alleles for Mp
CIK
formed narrow apical meristems marked by
prom
Mp
YUC2:GUS
marker, which were not expanded by MpCLE2 peptide treatment, phenocopying Mp
clv1
. Loss of sensitivity to MpCLE2 peptide was also observed in gemma cup formation in both Mp
clv1
and Mp
cik
. Biochemical analysis using a
Nicotiana benthamiana
transient expression system revealed weak association between MpCIK and MpCLV1, as well as MpCIK and MpTDR. While MpCIK may also participate in MpCLE1 signaling, our data show that the conserved CLV3-CLV1-CIK module functions in
M. polymorpha
, controlling meristem activity for development and organ formation for asexual reproduction.
Journal Article