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Repairing potholes is a task for municipalities to prevent serious road user injuries and vehicle damage. This study presents a low-cost, high-performance pothole monitoring system to maintain urban roads. The authors developed a methodology based on photogrammetry techniques to predict the pothole’s shape and volume. A collection of overlapping 2D images shot by a Raspberry Pi Camera Module 3 connected to a Raspberry Pi 4 Model B has been used to create a pothole 3D model. The Raspberry-based configuration has been mounted on an autonomous and remote-controlled robot (developed in the InfraROB European project) to reduce workers’ exposure to live traffic in survey activities and automate the process. The outputs of photogrammetry processing software have been validated through laboratory tests set as ground truth; the trial has been conducted on a tile made of asphalt mixture, reproducing a real pothole. Global Positioning System (GPS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) technologies allowed visualising potholes on a map with information about their centre, volume, backfill material, and an associated image. Ten on-site tests validated that the system works in an uncontrolled environment and not only in the laboratory. The results showed that the system is a valuable tool for monitoring road potholes taking into account construction workers’ and road users’ health and safety.

Resource exploitation and competition have always been one of the most important topics in the world. Because the possession and exploitation of resources is directly related to the supply of social environment, we need to use various technologies to detect the resources owned by various environments in the country to make a reasonable allocation. In our country, the most commonly used technology should be GIS technology. Similarly, with the development of the past and times, the reserves of coal have begun to decrease, and the utilization of new energy has not been fully popularized, so the purpose of this paper is based on GIS technology to study the manufacture of geological drawing systems in coal mines, and to develop and apply them. After exploring the discovered coal, mine topographic map and the structure of the coal mine and its possible location, we can carry out systematic development and application through GIS by consulting the relevant literature of the geological map of the former coal mine and the development of GIS technology. Finally, its effect is verified by conducting another field survey of the discovered places. The experimental results show that the coal mine geological drawing system based on GIS technology can be more beneficial to our discovery and survey, which is 20% higher than the previous detection efficiency and 40% higher than the drawing accuracy.

Dam failure and unsafe dam reservoirs cause extremely serious flooding and affecting the environment and ecosystem in the downstream area. The study applied numerical modelling (MIKE 11, MIKE 21, MIKE FLOOD) combined with GIS technology to simulate flooding due to the collapse of Dong Be reservoir, Thanh Hoa, Vietnam, with flood scenarios of frequency P=1.5% and P=0.5%. The study calibrated and validated the MIKE FLOOD model for two historic flood events in 2010 and 2017. Assessment results show that they were relatively consistent with flood trace survey data. Inundation results in two scenarios show that the inundation area with the P=0.5% scenario tends to increase compared to the P=1.5% scenario. The evaluation of simulation results for flooding under two scenarios, when overlaid with administrative, population, and construction layers, will help assess the impact of dam failure and establish its consequences.

With the acceleration of urbanization, the regional landscape pattern has undergone profound changes. This study combines green space ecology and explores the construction method of landscape ecological networks using the support of GIS data platform. After completing the extraction of landscape environmental information, it is fused and processed using principal component transformation, tasseled cap transformation, and vegetation index extraction. Different landscape pattern indices are utilized to construct a landscape analysis pathway based on the relevant data from high-precision GIS. Meanwhile, an ecological sensitivity evaluation method that includes soil erosion and rocky desertification was proposed. By comparing and analyzing the landscape pattern indices, it was concluded that the Shannon diversity index increased by 0.2927 and the Shannon evenness index increased by 0.0352, indicating that the landscape types of the study area gradually tend to be even in quantity and spatial distribution. In the evaluation of ecological sensitivity, the proportion of moderate and lower sensitivity reaches 69.28%, indicating that the ecological environment is relatively calm despite external disturbances.

The article examines the possibilities of using GIS technologies in the tourism sphere. The study focused on the conceptual modeling of tourism and the geoinformation support in planning tourist routes. The subject area of tourism as a conceptual model in terms of database modeling and GIS using UML language was characterized and presented. The method of using the GIS to solve the problem of modeling transport accessibility zones to tourist attractions in shaping transport routes has been proposed. The QGIS was used in tandem with a database management system such as PostgreSQL. GRASS GIS environment was used to perform spatial analysis. The object of this research is the transport network in one of the districts of the Ternopil region. We have tested in practice the proposed technological scheme on the example of the Ternopil district with the use of PostgreSQL database management system, QGIS, and GRAS GIS. We have created a tourist isochrone map of this region with some attractive places. The proposed methodology for determining transport accessibility using spatial analysis tools with the creation of isochrone maps and a flexible system of adjustments in the GIS makes it possible to optimize already existing tourism routes and create new ones.

Soil is a core element of the biosphere, and the soil cover is exposed to major processes that take place within this system. Therefore, it is very important to understand the results of soil research from the perspective of current global and local environmental problems. With the advent of new methods of spatial analysis and techniques for obtaining remote sensing data, geoinformation technologies offer great opportunities for analyzing the natural and ecological state of the region. Therefore, geoinformation analysis of the state of natural and anthropogenic transformed soils is an essential tool for their studying, forecasting the development of the natural environment, and working out the ways of rational farming. As forest territories have a beneficial effect on the natural and climatic situation in general, and vice versa, environmental degradation on agricultural lands will result in worsening the situation on forest lands, it is necessary to consider forest and agricultural areas in close integration with GIS technologies. It should be done to improve the overall natural environmental conditions. The study used soil survey data conducted in 2017-2019. Field and office studies were conducted: samples were taken in the field to determine the agrochemical parameters of the soil, and the data obtained were analyzed using mathematical and statistical methods. Digital cartographic materials were created using geoinformation technologies. The basis for a comprehensive natural and environmental assessment of forest and agricultural areas using geoinformation systems was laid. The studies conducted to identify changes in natural and anthropogenic transformed soils have shown that the contours of soil varieties have changed. In many cases, there is a deterioration in soil properties. The number of fertile chernozem has decreased. In areas with low crop cultivation, there are signs of a decrease in the humus horizon and the development of erosion processes. As a result of the conducted research, a single digital soil and geographical database for forest and agricultural territories were created. The developed methodology and algorithm for creating a database and digital cartographic basis using geoinformation technologies in environmental studies can be recommended as a base for similar studies both in the Republic of Bashkortostan and in other regions.

For a long time, geographic information system (GIS) technology has been widely used in urban and rural planning. This paper first analyzes the background of urban and rural planning, introduces the concept of building information (BIM), and puts forward the building information model. Then the application of mobile off-line GIS is studied, and the characteristics of mobile GIS are known. Secondly, the concept of urban-rural integration is put forward, and two functions of urban-rural planning are found: macro-control means and public interest protection. Finally, the application of information technology in urban and rural planning management shows that the disposable income of urban and rural residents increases year by year, and the fastest growth in 2020 is 120 million yuan.

Traditional villages are precious historical and cultural heritage. Here, we investigate Fuzhou area of Jiangxi Province, China, and consider 114 national-level and provincial-level traditional villages, applying fieldwork, historical document searches, GIS spatial analysis, spatial syntax analysis, and other methods to explore the spatial form characteristics of traditional villages in this area on a macroscopic and microscopic (individual) level, and the relationships between scales. It is found that on a macroscopic regional level, the spatial distribution of traditional villages is unevenly distributed at a low altitude and at a close proximity to water systems; while on a microscopic level, traditional villages are mainly small and medium-sized, with landscape environments mainly determined by eight different types of waterfront hills. Among the four types of village boundaries, there are more villages with finger-like characteristics, including finger-like villages with banded features and finger-like villages with cluster characteristics. The living environment patterns mostly determined by four different types of comb settlements due to the limitations of regional environments as well as the topographic and cultural factors. Our results are significant for the improved evolution, protection, and development of traditional villages such as those found in the Fuzhou area.

The site selection of cold-chain logistics parks is an indispensable part of their planning and construction. This study aims to establish site selection model provide a scientific and sustainable for selecting and determining optimal cold chain logistics parks sites. Traditional site selection methods lacking quantitative standards for assessing the reliability of results. In response, this study introduces Bayesian probability theory to construct a Bayesian network model. This model selects and quantifies influencing factors for site selection, establishing a scientifically evaluation indicator system. Subsequently, utilizing K-means clustering analysis to develop a site selection model. The reliability of clustering results is verified using Bayesian discriminant analysis. Furthermore, a city within the first-class cluster is selected to construct a comprehensive suitability evaluation indicator system for cold-chain logistics park location using Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. Jiangsu Province is chosen as the study area to validate the model, and the analysis demonstrates that Suzhou is the most suitable location for establishing a cold-chain logistics park. The comprehensive suitability evaluation further divides Suzhou into five distinct zones, from which the optimal site is identified and confirmed. Overall, the established site selection model provides a scientific and reliable approach for selecting and determining optimal sites.

Engineering geological investigation plays an important role in the preparation stage of engineering construction. In order to explore the hazards of geological problems, this paper selects a water supply project in South China as the research object. Based on the mobile GIS technology, the corrosiveness of environmental water and soil to the building is analyzed through geological investigation. According to the karst phenomenon found in the survey, water pressure and water injection tests are carried out to determine the permeability of the rock body. Combined with the statistical analysis of the existing research data, it is found that the permeability of fresh rock body is less than 5Lu, except for the permeability of sandstone and sand mudstone interlayer containing soluble rock which is more than 5Lu, whereas the permeability of strongly weathered and weakly weathered rock body is between 20~80Lu, and the permeability characteristics of the rock body have the structure of “shell-core binary”.