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\"Earth's Arctic ice is disappearing! But why are ice caps, glaciers, and icebergs melting, and how does it impact the planet? In this nonfiction graphic novel, Max Axiom and the Society of Super Scientists are on a mission to find out! Using their superpowers and super-smarts, the team will break down this complex environmental issue into an exciting, fact-filled adventure so young readers can learn about the causes and effects of climate change and discover steps we can all take to protect our polar regions and fight global warming\"-- Provided by publisher.

Compound extremes such as cooccurring soil drought (low soil moisture) and atmospheric aridity (high vapor pressure deficit) can be disastrous for natural and societal systems. Soil drought and atmospheric aridity are 2 main physiological stressors driving widespread vegetation mortality and reduced terrestrial carbon uptake. Here, we empirically demonstrate that strong negative coupling between soil moisture and vapor pressure deficit occurs globally, indicating high probability of cooccurring soil drought and atmospheric aridity. Using the Global Land Atmosphere Coupling Experiment (GLACE)-CMIP5 experiment, we further show that concurrent soil drought and atmospheric aridity are greatly exacerbated by land–atmosphere feedbacks. The feedback of soil drought on the atmosphere is largely responsible for enabling atmospheric aridity extremes. In addition, the soil moisture–precipitation feedback acts to amplify precipitation and soil moisture deficits in most regions. CMIP5 models further show that the frequency of concurrent soil drought and atmospheric aridity enhanced by land–atmosphere feedbacks is projected to increase in the 21st century. Importantly, land–atmosphere feedbacks will greatly increase the intensity of both soil drought and atmospheric aridity beyond that expected from changes in mean climate alone.

Ice is melting faster in the Arctic than anywhere else on earth. But this devastating consequence of the climate crisis could create a great economic opportunity.

The Tyrolean ice mummy known as otzi presents some of the earliest direct evidence of tattooing in the human past. Despite decades of study, it remains unclear how the Iceman's tattoos were created and what tools and methods were used. Popular discussions of the Iceman describe his tattoos as having been made by incision, first cutting the skin and then rubbing in pigment from the surface. The authors review the scholarly literature on the Iceman's tattoos and summarize ethnographic, historic, and anthropological research on global patterns of tattooing to contextualize the Iceman's marks within pre-electric tattooing traditions. The results of recent experimental tattooing studies are then compared to the physical signature of the Iceman's marks to evaluate existing claims and provide informed hypotheses as to how those tattoos were created. Le corps de l'homme conserve par le glacier de l'otztal, surnomme otzi, presente parmi les plus anciennes preuves de tatouage dans l'histoire de l'humanite. Cependant, malgre des decennies de recherches, la methode de tatouage et les instruments utilises pour tatouer otzi restent incertains. On presume que ces tatouages avaient ete incises, donc produit par une entaille dans laquelle on frottait ensuite un pigment. Les auteurs de cet article passent en revue les publications sur le tatouage de l'homme des glaces et font le point sur les etudes ethnographiques, historiques et anthropologiques concernant le tatouage a l'echelle mondiale dans le but de contextualiser les marques decouvertes sur otzi avant l'avenement du tatouage electrique. Ils comparent les resultats obtenus par experimentation aux traces relevees sur les tatouages anciens afin d'evaluer les theories en vigueur et de formuler des hypotheses valables sur la realisation du tatouage de l'homme des glaces. Translation by Madeleine Hummler Die im Tirol entdeckte Gletschermumie, auch ,,Mann im Eis\" oder ,,otzi\" genannt, gehort zu den altesten Beweisen der Tatowierungskunst der Menschheit. Trotz jahrzehntelange Untersuchungen bleiben die Verfahren und die Gerate, die bei der Tatowierungen von otzi benutzt wurden, weitgehend unbekannt. Man hat angenommen, dass seine Tatowierungen eingeschnitten wurden, also dass die Haut zuerst geschnitten wurde und dann ein Pigment eingerieben wurde. Die Verfasser besprechen die wissenschaftlichenVeroffentlichungen, die otzis Tatowierungen betreffen, und fassen die Ergebnisse von ethnografischen, historischen und anthropologischen Studien uber globale Tendenzen in der Tatowierungskunst zusammen, um die Markierungen auf dem Korper der Mumie im Rahmen der vor-elektrischen Tatowierungstraditionen zu kontextualisieren. Sie vergleichen die Ergebnisse von neuen experimentalen Studien mit den erhaltenen Tatowierungen, bewerten bestehende Aussagen und formulieren informierte Hypothesen uber die Erzeugung der Tatowierungen der Gletschermumie. Translation by Madeleine Hummler

In Asia's unforgiving frozen north, life perseveres with remarkable resilience.

Arctic permafrost is degrading and is thus releasing nutrients, solutes, sediment and water into soils and freshwater ecosystems. The impacts of this degradation depends on the geochemical characteristics and in large part on the spatial distribution of ground ice and solutes, which is not well-known in the High Arctic polar desert ecosystems. This research links ground ice and solute concentrations, to establish a framework for identifying locations vulnerable to permafrost degradation. It builds on landscape classifications and cryostratigraphic interpretations of permafrost history. Well-vegetated wetland sites with syngenetic permafrost aggradation show a different geochemical signature from polar desert and epigenetic sites. In wetlands, where ground ice contents were high (<97% volume), total dissolved solute concentrations were relatively low (mean 283.0 ± 327.8 ppm), reflecting a carbonate terrestrial/freshwater setting. In drier sites with epigenetic origin, such as polar deserts, ice contents are low (<47% volume), solute concentrations were high (mean 3248.5 ± 1907.0 ppm, max 12055 ppm) and dominated by Na + and Cl − ions, reflecting a post-glacial marine inundation during permafrost formation. Dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen concentrations usually increased at the top of permafrost and could not be as clearly associated with permafrost history. The research shows that the geochemistry of polar desert permafrost is highly dependent on permafrost history, and it can be estimated using hydrogeomorphological terrain classifications. The lower ice content of polar desert sites indicates that these areas are more vulnerable to thaw relative to the ice-rich wetland sites, and the elevated solute concentrations indicate that these areas could mobilise substantial solutes to downstream environments, should they become hydrologically connected with future warming.

Feeling hot with intense emotion? Cool right down using Ice - a proven 'Mood Tool' that helps adolescents manage BIG feelings.

Covering more than seven percent of the earth's surface, sea ice is crucial to the functioning of the biosphere-and is a key component in our attempts to understand and combat climate change. With On Sea Ice , geophysicist W. F. Weeks delivers a natural history of sea ice, a fully comprehensive and up-to-date account of our knowledge of its creation, change, and function. The volume begins with the earliest recorded observations of sea ice, from 350 BC, but the majority of its information is drawn from the period after 1950, when detailed study of sea ice became widespread. Weeks delves into both micro-level characteristics-internal structure, component properties, and phase relations-and the macro-level nature of sea ice, such as salinity, growth, and decay. He also explains the mechanics of ice pack drift and the recently observed changes in ice extent and thickness. An unparalleled account of a natural phenomenon that will be of increasing importance as the earth's temperature rises, On Sea Ice will unquestionably be the standard for years to come.

The Arctic is ruled by ice. For Inuit, it is a highway, a hunting ground, and the platform on which life is lived. While the international community argues about sovereignty, security, and resource development at the top of the world, the Inuit remind us that they are the original inhabitants of this magnificent place - and that it is undergoing a dangerous transformation. The Arctic ice is melting at an alarming rate and Inuit have become the direct witnesses and messengers of climate change. Through an examination of Inuit history and culture, alongside the experiences of newcomers to the Arctic seeking land, wealth, adventure, and power, Our Ice Is Vanishing describes the legacies of exploration, intervention, and resilience. Combining scientific and legal information with political and individual perspectives, Shelley Wright follows the history of the Canadian presence in the Arctic and shares her own journey in recollections and photographs, presenting the far North as few people have seen it. Climate change is redrawing the boundaries of what Inuit and non-Inuit have learned to expect from our world. Our Ice Is Vanishing demonstrates that we must engage with the knowledge of the Inuit in order to understand and negotiate issues of climate change and sovereignty claims in the region.

Hauling ice Down the Illinois River. History of cutting ice in the 1900s.