Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
155,980
result(s) for
"GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES"
Sort by:
Government Spending and Corporate Innovation
I study the impact of government spending on corporate innovation. Using changes in U.S. Senate committee chairmanships as a source of exogenous variation in state-level federal government expenditures, I find that firms headquartered in states with increases in government spending significantly reduce their innovation output, as measured by their number of patents and the citations to these patents. These reductions are mostly concentrated in labor-intensive industries, in firms headquartered in states with lower unemployment rates, and in government-dependent industries. My findings suggest that resource diversion induced by increased government spending is a channel through which government spending may affect corporate innovation.
This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
Journal Article
Natural resource rents and capital accumulation nexus: do resource rents raise public human and physical capital expenditures?
This paper examines the effects of total, mineral, natural gas, and oil rents on the public total, education, health, and infrastructure expenditures using the dynamic panel estimation methods and data for more than 100 countries for the 1980–2015 period. Our results indicate that total resource rents do not have a significant impact on the public total and infrastructure expenditures. However, they provide a robust evidence for the adverse effect of resource rents on the public education and health expenditures. Our results lend a substantial evidence for the conclusion that the notorious resource curse can be also explained by its adverse effect on the human capital accumulation. We then test whether the democracy level matters in investigating the effects of resource rents on the public expenditures. Interestingly, we find that total resource rents exert a negative impact on the education expenditures only in autocratic countries. These results clearly indicate that policy makers should take necessary steps to remove the adverse effects of resource rents on the public education and health expenditures to increase human capital formation.
Journal Article
Budgeting for hard power : defense and security spending under Barack Obama
\"Lays out the issues and relative costs facing the new president: prioritizing among competing demands for defense spending, homeland-security investment, diplomacy, and security assistance; determining how much money will be needed, available, and allocated. Suggests a path for the new White House in its resource-allocation decisions affecting U.S. national security\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Government ideology and fiscal consolidation
Recent studies indicate that the ideological stances of government parties no are longer associated with differences in total government spending. At the same time, we observe that political polarization over spending policies has deepened. This paper addresses that puzzle by analyzing government spending behavior for ten expenditure categories during both ‘normal’ times and periods of fiscal consolidation between 1995 and 2015 for 16 OECD countries. Our results indicate that partisan motives prevail in ‘normal’ times: rightwing cabinets spend more on defense and less on education and environmental protection than left-wing governments. On the other hand, in periods of fiscal adjustment, differences between left- and right-wing government expenditures can be observed mostly in different budget categories. For instance, during fiscal consolidations, right-wing governments reduce spending more than their left-wing counterparts on those categories featuring large shares of public employee compensation (i.e., public consumption spending) and small capital-expenditure shares. Hence, a central message of this paper helping to resolve the aforementioned puzzle is that ideological differences remain important after taking a comprehensive look at individual spending categories and distinguishing between periods with and without adjustments.
Journal Article
Suspending classes without stopping learning: China's education emergency management policy in the COVID-19 outbreak
Against the backdrop of the COVID-19 outbreak, an emergency policy initiative called \"Suspending Classes Without Stopping Learning\" was launched by the Chinese government to continue teaching activities as schools across the country were closed to contain the virus. However, there is ambiguity and disagreement about what to teach, how to teach, the workload of teachers and students, the teaching environment, and the implications for education equity. Possible difficulties that the policy faces include: the weakness of the online teaching infrastructure, the inexperience of teachers (including unequal learning outcomes caused by teachers' varied experience), the information gap, the complex environment at home, and so forth. To tackle the problems, we suggest that the government needs to further promote the construction of the educational information superhighway, consider equipping teachers and students with standardized home-based teaching/learning equipment, conduct online teacher training, include the development of massive online education in the national strategic plan, and support academic research into online education, especially education to help students with online learning difficulties.
Journal Article
Economic versus Cultural Differences: Forms of Ethnic Diversity and Public Goods Provision
Arguments about how ethnic diversity affects governance typically posit that groups differ from each other in substantively important ways and that these differences make effective governance more difficult. But existing cross-national empirical tests typically use measures of ethnolinguistic fractionalization (ELF) that have no information about substantive differences between groups. This article examines two important ways that groups differ from each other—culturally and economically—and assesses how such differences affect public goods provision. Across 46 countries, the analysis compares existing measures of cultural differences with a new measure that captures economic differences between groups: between-group inequality (BGI). We show that ELF, cultural fractionalization (CF), and BGI measure different things, and that the choice between them has an important impact on our understanding of which countries are most ethnically diverse. Furthermore, empirical tests reveal that BGI has a large, robust, and negative relationship with public goods provision, whereas CF, ELF, and overall inequality do not.
Journal Article