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Seven views of mind
\"This book examines seven different answers to the question, \"What are we talking about when we talk about the mind?\" It begins by considering the dualistic view, frequently taken for granted by students, that words like \"belief,\" \"anger,\" and \"jealousy\" refer to a realm quite distinct from the physical world, and notes the difficulties associated with this view as well as why many find it compelling. The book then describes six further major views of mind alternative to dualism that have been developed by psychologists, philosophers, and neuroscientists: Some claim that such words are just about behavior. Some claim that such words are theoretical constructs, like \"quarks\" in physics. Some identify the mind with the brain. Or with a kind of program in the brain, like the software in a computer. Some think there is nothing to which such words refer. Some think mental talk reflects nothing but convention\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Mastering the Semi-Structured Interview and Beyond
Mastering the Semi-Structured Interview and Beyondoffers an in-depth and captivating step-by-step guide to the use of semi-structured interviews in qualitative research. By tracing the life of an actual research project-an exploration of a school district's effort over 40 years to address racial equality-as a consistent example threaded across the volume, Anne Galletta shows in concrete terms how readers can approach the planning and execution of their own new research endeavor, and illuminates unexpected real-life challenges they may confront and how to address them.The volume offers a close look at the inductive nature of qualitative research, the use of researcher reflexivity, and the systematic and iterative steps involved in data collection, analysis, and interpretation. It offers guidance on how to develop an interview protocol, including the arrangement of questions and ways to evoke analytically rich data.Particularly useful for those who may be familiar with qualitative research but have not yet conducted a qualitative study,Mastering the Semi-Structured Interview and Beyondwill serve both undergraduate and graduate students as well as more advanced scholars seeking to incorporate this key methodological approach into their repertoire.Anne Gallettais Associate Professor at the College of Education and Human Services at Cleveland State University.William E. Cross, Jr.is the author of Shades of Black: Diversity in African-American Identity.In theQualitative Studies in Psychologyseries
eBook
How do we know ourselves? : curiosities and marvels of the human mind
\"A delightful tour of the wonders of our humanity from David G. Myers, the award-winning professor and author of psychology's bestselling textbook\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Human Development in the Life Course
Drawing on philosophy, the history of psychology and the natural sciences, this book proposes a new theoretical foundation for the psychology of the life course. It features the study of unique individual life courses in their social and cultural environment, combining the perspectives of developmental and sociocultural psychology, psychotherapy, learning sciences and geronto-psychology. In particular, the book highlights semiotic processes, specific to human development, that allow us to draw upon past experiences, to choose among alternatives and to plan our futures. Imagination is an important outcome of semiotic processes and enables us to deal with daily constraints and transitions, and promotes the transformation of social representation and symbolic systems - giving each person a unique style, or 'melody', of living. The book concludes by questioning the methodology and epistemology of current life course studies.
eBook
Attachment theory and research : new directions and emerging themes
\"This volume showcases the latest theoretical and empirical work from some of the top scholars in attachment. Extending classic themes and describing important new applications, the book examines several ways in which attachment processes help explain how people think, feel, and behave in different situations and at different stages in the life cycle. Topics include the effects of early experiences on adult relationships; new developments in neuroscience and genetics; attachment orientations and parenting; connections between attachment and psychopathology, as well as health outcomes; and the relationship of attachment theory and processes to clinical interventions. Key Words/Subject Areas: attachment research, attachment security, attachment theory, couple interventions, developmental psychology, dyadic regulation process, emotion, parenting, psychopathology, relationships, romantic functioning, romantic attachment Audience: Researchers and students in social, developmental, personality, and clinical psychology. Serves as a primary or supplemental text in advanced undergraduate or graduate courses on attachment, close relationships, interpersonal processes, and family relationships \"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Preoperative communication with anesthetists via anesthesia service platform (ASP) helps alleviate patients’ preoperative anxiety
Female gender has been identified as one of the risk factors closely linked to perioperative anxiety and a lower level of satisfaction. A successful preoperative anesthesia education may improve such negative outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether preoperative anesthesia education via an Anesthesia Service Platform (ASP) could reduce the anxiety levels in female patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia, and accelerate rehabilitation. A total of 222 patients scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly assigned to the control group and the ASP group. Patients’ baseline and post-intervention psychological status was measured by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and General Well-Being Schedule. Pain management and recovery were assessed by VAS every 12 h for 48 h after surgery; length of stay (LOS) and postoperative analgesic consumption were also assessed. Patients in the control group experienced higher anxiety levels before surgery and had longer LOS than those in the ASP group. Patients in the ASP group had a higher general well-being score; however, they suffered more pain and consumed more analgesics after surgery. ASP is effective for preventing anxiety in female patients before laparoscopic cholecystectomy, improving patients’ general well-being levels, and shortening their LOS, but negatively influences patients’ postoperative pain levels.
Journal Article
Dreaming
Dreams, conceived as conscious experience or phenomenal states during sleep, offer an important contrast condition for theories of consciousness and the self. Yet, although there is a wealth of empirical research on sleep and dreaming, its potential contribution to consciousness research and philosophy of mind is largely overlooked. This might be due, in part, to a lack of conceptual clarity and an underlying disagreement about the nature of the phenomenon of dreaming itself. InDreaming, Jennifer Windt lays the groundwork for solving this problem. She develops a conceptual framework describing not only what it means to say that dreams are conscious experiences but also how to locate dreams relative to such concepts as perception, hallucination, and imagination, as well as thinking, knowledge, belief, deception, and self-consciousness.Arguing that a conceptual framework must be not only conceptually sound but also phenomenologically plausible and carefully informed by neuroscientific research, Windt integrates her review of philosophical work on dreaming, both historical and contemporary, with a survey of the most important empirical findings. This allows her to work toward a systematic and comprehensive new theoretical understanding of dreaming informed by a critical reading of contemporary research findings. Windt's account demonstrates that a philosophical analysis of the concept of dreaming can provide an important enrichment and extension to the conceptual repertoire of discussions of consciousness and the self and raises new questions for future research.
eBook
The psychological development of girls and women : rethinking change in time
\"This thoroughly revised new edition updates Sheila Greene's original transformative account of the psychological development of girls and women, and the central role of time in shaping human experience. Greene critically reviews traditional and contemporary theoretical approaches - ranging from orthodox psychoanalysis to relational and post-modern theories - and argues that even those which claim to focus on development have presented a view of women's lives as fixed and determined by their nature or their past. These theories, she believes, should be rejected because of their inherent lack of validity and their frequently oppressive implications for women. Essential but often neglected insights from the more compelling developmental and feminist theories are woven together within a theoretical framework that emphasizes temporality, emergence, and human agency. The result is a liberating theory of women's psychological development as constantly emerging and changing in time rather than as static and fixed by their nature, socio-cultural context, and personal history. Updated for a new generation of readers, The Psychological Development of Girls and Women will continue to be essential reading for students and researchers in the psychology of women, developmental psychology, and women's studies\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Rates, Delays, and Completeness of General Practitioners’ Responses to a Postal Versus Web-Based Survey: A Randomized Trial
Web-based surveys have become a new and popular method for collecting data, but only a few studies have directly compared postal and Web-based surveys among physicians, and none to our knowledge among general practitioners (GPs).
Our aim is to compare two modes of survey delivery (postal and Web-based) in terms of participation rates, response times, and completeness of questionnaires in a study assessing GPs' preventive practices.
This randomized study was conducted in Western Switzerland (Geneva and Vaud) and in France (Alsace and Pays de la Loire) in 2015. A random selection of community-based GPs (1000 GPs in Switzerland and 2400 GPs in France) were randomly allocated to receive a questionnaire about preventive care activities either by post (n=700 in Switzerland, n=400 in France) or by email (n=300 in Switzerland, n=2000 in France). Reminder messages were sent once in the postal group and twice in the Web-based group. Any GPs practicing only complementary and alternative medicine were excluded from the study.
Among the 3400 contacted GPs, 764 (22.47%, 95% CI 21.07%-23.87%) returned the questionnaire. Compared to the postal group, the participation rate in the Web-based group was more than four times lower (246/2300, 10.70% vs 518/1100, 47.09%, P<.001), but median response time was much shorter (1 day vs 1-3 weeks, P<.001) and the number of GPs having fully completed the questionnaire was almost twice as high (157/246, 63.8% vs 179/518, 34.6%, P<.001).
Web-based surveys offer many advantages such as reduced response time, higher completeness of data, and large cost savings, but our findings suggest that postal surveys can be still considered for GP research. The use of mixed-mode approaches is probably a good strategy to increase GPs' participation in surveys while reducing costs.
Journal Article