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"George Washington Carver"
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My work is that of conservation
George Washington Carver (ca. 1864-1943) is at once one of the most familiar and misunderstood figures in American history. In My Work Is That of Conservation, Mark D. Hersey reveals the life and work of this fascinating man who is widely-and reductively-known as the African American scientist who developed a wide variety of uses for the peanut. Carver had a truly prolific career dedicated to studying the ways in which people ought to interact with the natural world, yet much of his work has been largely forgotten. Hersey rectifies this by tracing the evolution of Carver's agricultural and environmental thought starting with his childhood in Missouri and Kansas and his education at the Iowa Agricultural College. Carver's environmental vision came into focus when he moved to the Tuskegee Institute in Macon County, Alabama, where his sensibilities and training collided with the denuded agrosystems, deep poverty, and institutional racism of the Black Belt. It was there that Carver realized his most profound agricultural thinking, as his efforts to improve the lot of the area's poorest farmers forced him to adjust his conception of scientific agriculture. Hersey shows that in the hands of pioneers like Carver, Progressive Era agronomy was actually considerably \"greener\" than is often thought today. My Work Is That of Conservation uses Carver's life story to explore aspects of southern environmental history and to place this important scientist within the early conservation movement.
eBook
George Washington Carver : world-famous botanist and agricultural inventor
Details the life of the man who was born a slave and became an artist, agriculturist, and university professor, highlighting his achievements and legacy.
BOOK
Humoral and T-cell-mediated responses to an insect-specific flavivirus-based Zika virus vaccine candidate
Flaviviruses represent a significant global health threat and relatively few licensed vaccines exist to protect against them. Insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFVs) are incapable of replication in humans and have emerged as a novel and promising tool for flavivirus vaccine development. ISFV-based flavivirus vaccines have shown exceptional safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy, however, a detailed assessment of the correlates of protection and immune responses induced by these vaccines are still needed for vaccine optimization. Here, we explore the mechanisms of protective immunity induced by a previously created pre-clinical Zika virus (ZIKV) vaccine candidate, called Aripo/Zika (ARPV/ZIKV). In brief, immunocompromised IFN-αβR -/- mice passively immunized with ARPV/ZIKV immune sera experienced protection after lethal ZIKV challenge, although this protection was incomplete. ARPV/ZIKV-vaccinated IFN-αβR -/- mice depleted of CD4 + or CD8 + T-cells at the time of ZIKV challenge showed no morbidity or mortality. However, the adoptive transfer of ARPV/ZIKV-primed T-cells into recipient IFN-αβR -/- mice resulted in a two-day median increase in survival time compared to controls. Altogether, these results suggest that ARPV/ZIKV-induced protection is primarily mediated by neutralizing antibodies at the time of challenge and that T-cells may play a comparatively minor but cumulative role in the protection observed. Lastly, ARPV/ZIKV-vaccinated Tcra KO mice, which are deficient in T-cell responses, experienced significant mortality post-challenge. These results suggest that ARPV/ZIKV-induced cell-mediated responses are critical for development of protective immune responses at vaccination. Despite the strong focus on neutralizing antibody responses to novel flavivirus vaccine candidates, these results suggest that cell-mediated responses induced by ISFV-based vaccines remain important to overall protective responses.
Journal Article
George Washington Carver
\"Simple text and photographs present the life of George Washington Carver\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Mission Interrupted: The Economic Aftermath of Job Losses at NASA Glenn Research Center
In May of 2025, the Trump Administration announced proposed budget cuts to several government Agencies and departments, including the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The proposed reduction for NASA amounts to a 24% agency reduction. Reductions to each of the ten (10) main NASA research facilities across the United States vary. The NASA Glenn Research Center in Cleveland, Ohio, will receive a budget decrease of 38% and an employee-mandated cut of 554 civil service employees. Over the past 20 years, the Center for Economic Development (CED) at the Levin College of Public Affairs and Education at Cleveland State University has been tasked with executing an economic impact analysis for the NASA Glenn Research Center, providing CED with an understanding of the facility s previous economic performance and budgetary information. This paper will explore the ramifications of such budgetary decreases and employee loss for the State of Ohio. Over$101.8M will be lost in labor income and value added from the job loss. The direct loss in output of over $ 143.4M.
Journal Article
George Washington Carver : the peanut wizard
A fictional student's report presents information on George Washington Carver, who became an expert on peanuts and other plants and taught others at the famous college for African Americans, Tuskeegee Institute.
BOOK
Maximizing quinoa production through a dual-purpose harvesting method
This study introduces a novel dual-purpose quinoa production method, allowing the harvest of leafy greens first and grains later from the same plant, thereby enhancing overall production and economic returns. Four quinoa lines were evaluated under two treatments: (1) cut, where leafy greens were harvested four weeks after germination, and plants were subsequently allowed to mature, and (2) control, where plants were grown to full maturity without cutting. The study employed a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications across three planting dates spaced at one-week intervals. Similar management practices were followed for both treatments and the date of planting. Results showed a significantly higher grain yield in cut plants (22.87g plant -1 ) compared to control plants (15.52g plant -1 , p < 0.05). Quinoa line PI614927 yielded the highest in both cut and control treatments, with 29.15 and 18.33g plant -1 , respectively. Grain yield was higher in the cut than the control on all three planting dates. The cut plants matured two days later than the control due to late branching and flowering. Shoot dry weight was significantly higher in cut plants (77.67g) than in the control (53.80g plant -1 ) due to a higher number of branches in cut plants (4–6 plant -1 ). In contrast, plant height and panicle length were higher in the control plant. The root dry weight was significantly higher in the cut (14.99g) than in the control (12.87g plant -1 ) plants. The two treatments showed no significant differences in 100-seed weight and root length. There was no significant difference in the nutritional compositions of quinoa grains between the treatments and dates of planting. This study has three benefits: harvesting leafy greens and higher grains, profound environmental benefits from using less water and fertilizer, one-time field preparation, and short duration (around 100 days). These research findings can accelerate quinoa leafy greens and grains production, contributing to food and nutritional security and sustainable alternative crop production, especially for small farmers.
Journal Article
Who was George Washington Carver?
\"Born in 1860s Missouri, nobody expected George Washington Carver to succeed. Slaves were not allowed to be educated. After the Civil War, Carver enrolled in classes and proved to be a star student. He became the first black student at Iowa State Agricultural College and later its first black professor. He went on to the Tuskegee Institute where he specialized in botany (the study of plants) and developed techniques to grow crops better. His work with vegetables, especially peanuts, made him famous and changed agriculture forever. He went on to develop nearly 100 household products and over 100 recipes using peanuts.\"--Provided by publisher.
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