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This article emphasizes the importance of synchronization in changing patients’ dysfunctional patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors to functional ones. Furthermore, the concept of synchronization in psychotherapy is delineated herein, showing its feasibility through the free energy principle. Most sync-oriented publications focus on the therapist-patient relationship. In contrast, this article is focusing on the therapeutic process, especially by analyzing how dysfunctional units—both in an individual’s mind, as well as in social relationships—assemble in synchrony and how psychotherapy helps to disassemble and replace them with functional units. As an example, Gestalt psychology and Gestalt psychotherapy are demonstrated through the lenses of synchronization, supported by diverse case studies. Finally, it is concluded that synchronization is opening a gateway to understanding the change dynamics in psychotherapy and, as such, is worth further study.

This paper presents an in-depth study and analysis of the application of the Gestalt theory to music psychotherapy for piano. The paper focuses on how to apply the “whole and part” and “epiphany” perspectives of the Gestalt learning theory to singing and music appreciation lessons. In addition, the Gestalt school’s ideas of developing creative thinking, creating problematic situations, and transferring learning were demonstrated through the implementation of teaching cases. There are differences in the effects of different music on the distribution of body surface temperature; there are differences in the effects of yang music on the Directing Vessel compared to the effects of yin music on the Directing Vessel, and the effects are following the hierarchical model of thinking; there are individual differences in the magnitude of the effects of the same music on the body surface temperature of different people, and the identification of music needs to be combined with the three factors. The wavelet energy entropy (WEE) characteristics of EEG signals were extracted as the input of the designed and optimized deep belief network model, and the average emotional classification accuracy of EEG signals in the left and right brain regions could be obtained as 84.20% and 83.07%, respectively, under the condition of distinguishing brain regions and different music environments. Compared with the classification accuracies of DBN, restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), and K nearest neighbor (kNN) algorithms in mixed music environments, the classification effects were improved by about 3.49%, 12.89%, and 7.24%. Relying on the ability-poor theory and Weiner attribution theory, different types of secondary school students, their psychological characteristics, and their causes were pointed out. Combined with the psychological characteristics, the case study illustrates the positive effect of music therapy on psychological support.

Psychotherapy is one of the evidence-based clinical interventions for the treatment of depression in older adults with dementia. Randomised controlled trials are often the first methodological choice to gain evidence, yet they are not applicable to a wide range of humanistic psychotherapies. Amongst all, the efficacy of the Gestalt therapy (GT) is under-investigated. The purpose of this paper is to present a research protocol, aiming to assess the effects of a GT-based intervention on people with dementia (PWD) and indirect influence on their family carers. The study implements the single-case experimental design with time series analysis that will be carried out in Italy and Mexico. Six people in each country, who received a diagnosis of dementia and present depressive symptoms, will be recruited. Eight or more GT sessions will be provided, whose fidelity will be assessed by the GT fidelity scale. Quantitative outcome measures are foreseen for monitoring participants’ depression, anxiety, quality of life, loneliness, carers’ burden, and the caregiving dyad mutuality at baseline and follow-up. The advantages and limitations of the research design are considered. If GT will effectively result in the treatment of depression in PWD, it could enrich the range of evidence-based interventions provided by healthcare services.

: A category of disorders frequently associated with a history of trauma are the dissociative disorders, of which Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is the most severe and chronic form. DID is associated with high levels of impairment, treatment utilization, and treatment costs, yet systematic research into treatment effects is scarce. Practice-based clinical guidelines advise a phase-based approach which is lengthy and has rather high reported dropout rates. Therefore, in the current proposal the efficacy of an alternative treatment for DID (i.e. schema therapy) is tested. : The aim of this study is to critically test the effectiveness of schema therapy for DID patients, for whom at present no evidence-based treatment is available. : In light of the low prevalence of DID, and the proposed treatment length of three years, a case series experimental approach is used (non-concurrent multiple baseline design). Ten outpatients are included, who are diagnosed with DID by an independent rater using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders (SCID-D-R), which is double-checked by another independent expert. Primary outcomes are a (bi)weekly assessed state measure of dissociative symptoms, a pre-, post- and follow-up measure of the presence of the DID diagnosis, and drop-out rate. Secondary outcomes include various measures of trait dissociative symptoms, comorbid symptomatology, and global symptomatic distress. : Netherlands Trial Register (NTR): NTR4496.

The present study approaches children's drawing as a revealing feature of the child. It aims to illustrate the psychotherapeutic process of a boy of 6 years from the phenomenological reading of seven drawings made by him during his visits. In addition, it intends to reflect on the contributions of this case to the understanding and intervention in the children's clinic from the Gestalt therapy perspective. To do so, he carried out a documentary case study ex post facto descriptive from the field diary of the psychotherapist, which contained the drawings of the participant and their respective notes. The phenomenological methodology favored the access to the lived one through descriptions of the client that could extend the contact with its experience. The author of graphic production is therefore conceived as the sole holder of the meaning of his work. This study shows that the design may favor the expression of some children in order to contribute to the psychotherapeutic process in Gestalt therapy.

In this article, we introduce the framework of Affective Facilitation to the practice of focus group research. In this context, Affective Facilitation is defined as a framework that helps researchers (1) surface and deeply understand participants’ lived experiences, bearing in mind their individual differences, (2) make space for exploring common ground across their diverse backgrounds, and (3) connect with participants through empathy and compassion using active and reflective listening skills. Conceptually, the framework draws on the theoretical and philosophical strands of phenomenology, existential dialogue, holism, and Gestalt therapy. In practice, it employs graphic facilitation as a technique for fostering group learning and connection while creating a visual memory of the dialogue. We explain the implementation of this actionable framework through a case study of facilitated conversations with parents who share their lived experiences, providing insight into their perceptions, beliefs, and concerns regarding childhood vaccination. This study contributes to a growing body of work on creative, participatory, and arts-based research methods.

Recent research in psychotherapy has shown that shifting the focus of conversation into a selfreferential talk, rendering patients themselves as the focal point of the conversation, is a key aspect for the understanding of therapeutic change processes. The aim of this case study was to perform a micro-analysis of the ways in which this shift was achieved through therapeutic conversation. Results display four categories of conversational resources utilized during a successful gestalt therapy. Each one of these resources shows how a change in focus was jointly accomplished by the therapist- patient dyad. Implications for future research on change micro-processes are also discussed. Investigaciones recientes sobre el proceso psicoterapéutico muestran que un cambio hacia un modo de hablar autorreferencial, que coloca en el foco de la conversación al paciente mismo, constituye un aspecto clave en la comprensión de procesos de cambio psicológicos. El propósito del presente estudio de caso es profundizar en el entendimiento de la construcción de dicho cambio de foco, a través de un micro-análisis de la conversación terapéutica. Los resultados incluyen cuatro categorías de recursos conversacionales utilizados durante una terapia de orientación gestáltica exitosa. Cada categoría explicita una manera en que un cambio de foco hacia un hablar autorreferencial fue logrado en forma conjunta por la díada terapeuta-paciente a lo largo de la terapia. El estudio también discute implicaciones para la investigación futura en micro-procesos de cambio.

Accessing Implicit Knowledge The approach that guides my work, Hakomi Mindfulness Based Experiential Psychology, is a method originally developed by Ron Kurtz that draws on sources as diverse as Psychoanalysis, Bioenergetics, Gestalt Therapy, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Neuro-Linguistic Programming, Focusing, body work (including the Feldenkrais Method), Buddhism, and Taoism. Going back and giving the nervous system a chance to come out of the time-locked moment permits the clock to begin moving once more, permitting this traumatized part of the self to get up to date and allowing the experience of the trauma to fade into memory, where it belongs.