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The CEO looks at me like he isnt sure what I mean. \"Because I'm teaching you pottery,\" I say. \"Power, here-it condenses out of the air\" The ghostwriter takes me to the cafeteria to show me what he means. People like us who eat for free at the cafeteria but dont get health insurance. By the time our session is over, he has made enough pots to fill a large box.

[...]the seventh and eight chapters \"explore how Christian identity was shaped by Roman ideas about 'good slaves' and 'bad slaves' and tease[s] out some of the legacies of these ideas in the history of biblical interpretation\" (p. 207). [...]Moss argues for the probability that several specific biblical figures were enslaved. [...]Moss assumes that enslaved scribes often exerted significant influence over the language and content of his finished works (p. 74).

The challenge posed by academic ghostwriting extends beyond education, affecting moral and meritocratic expectations of learners. Through a sociological lens of the 'accounts theory', we analyzed the marketing language of 102 academic ghostwriting websites in English and Chinese to explore their legitimization of services in diverse cultures and contexts. Our research focused on how ghostwriting sites legitimize their services across diverse cultures and linguistic contexts while navigating the stigma associated with academic ghostwriting. We identified five neutralization techniques used by ghostwriting sites, including 'Denial of responsibility,' 'Denial of injury,' 'Denial of the victim,' 'Condemnation of the condemners,' and 'Appeal to higher loyalties.' Our findings suggest that the marketing of academic ghostwriting is customized to appeal to potential clients' cultural backgrounds, with Chinese ghostwriting sites emphasizing the authority of ghostwriters and English sites prioritizing empathy with users. The ghostwriting industry has diversified to meet the needs of diverse consumers and online environments. Our research provides insights into how ghostwriting sites devise market strategies based on cultural predispositions, shedding light on the complexities of the ghostwriting industry and its impact on the moral and educational landscape. It sheds light on how the dynamics of this market evolve, adapt, and ultimately influence the educational landscape, emphasizing the need for a holistic perspective on the forces at play in higher education. (HRK / Abstract übernommen).

China’s top court says businesses that write bogus manuscripts for payment should be punished. China’s top court says businesses that write bogus manuscripts for payment should be punished. A tall stack of paper documents with yellow tabs. Credit: photos777/Getty

Generative AIs have been embraced by learners wishing to offload (parts of) complex tasks. However, recent research suggests that AI users are at risk of failing to correctly monitor the extent of their own contribution when being assisted by an AI. This difficulty in keeping track of the division of labor has been shown to result in placebo and ghostwriter effects. In case of the AI-based placebo effect, users overestimate their ability while or after being assisted by an AI. The ghostwriter effect occurs when AI users do not disclose their AI use despite being aware of the contribution made by an AI. These two troubling effects are discussed in the context of the conflict between cognitive externalization and anthropomorphization. While people tend to offload cognitive load into their environment, they also often perceive technology as human-like. However, despite the natural conversations that can be had with current AIs, the desire to attribute human-like qualities that would require the acknowledgment of AI contributions appears to be lacking. Implications and suggestions on how to improve AI use, for example, by employing embodied AI agents, are discussed.