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"Globalization -- Developing countries -- Case studies"
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The emerging markets century : how a new breed of world-class companies is overtaking the world
The investing pioneer who coined the term 'emerging markets' offers a vital in-depth look at the top multinationals that will soon take the lead in the global economy, forever shifting the balance of power.
Emerging multinationals in emerging markets
Why have so many firms in emerging economies internationalised quite aggressively in the last decade? What competitive advantages do these firms enjoy and what are the origins of those advantages? A distinguished group of international business scholars tackle these questions and more based on a shared research design.
Book
Global Innovation in Emerging Economies
In recent decades, there have been significant changes in the way corporate innovation activities are performed. They include changes in the innovation process, flexibility to outsource certain innovation activities, and by far, the most important one, wider choice in the location of innovation. What caught the most attention of is the trend towards globalization of research and development (R&D) and thereby performance of innovation activities away from the home countries.
The main concerns relate to the two new trends: First, the multinational corporations (MNCs) locating strategic innovation activities in some countries outside the industrialized world, which can be referred to as 'emerging economies'; and Second, since 2000, some companies from the emerging economies have started entering the global markets with innovative products and services, developed through their own R&D. Both these new developments have managerial implications for companies and policy implications for the host countries (where such R&D is performed), as well as for the home countries of the companies. Further, innovative products and services resulting from R&D activities in emerging economies seem to better address the needs of consumers at the bottom-of-the-pyramid in other developing countries. This book explores and analyzes these issues.
This research presented in Global Innovation in Emerging Economies is applicable to both the industrialized and developing worlds, although from different perspectives - the former would like to prevent relocation of R&D from their countries, and the latter want more of R&D-related investments.
eBook
Globalizing in Hard Times
In Globalizing in Hard Times, Leonardo Martinez-Diaz examines the sudden and substantial increase in cross-border ownership of commercial banks in countries where bank ownership had long been restricted by local rules. Many parties—the World Bank and the IMF, the world's largest commercial banks, their home governments, and their negotiators—had been pushing for a relaxation of ownership rules since the early 1980s and into the 1990s, when bank profitability levels in advanced industrial societies went flat. In their hunt for higher returns on assets, the major banks looked to expand business overseas, but through the mid-1990s their efforts to impose more liberal ownership regimes in nationalist countries proved largely unsuccessful.Martinez-Diaz illustrates the ongoing political resistance to liberalized ownership rules in Mexico, Indonesia, Brazil, and South Korea. He then demonstrates the importance of a series of events—the Mexican crisis and the Brazilian banking shock in 1994–1995 and the Asian crisis of 1997–1998 among them—in finally knocking down barriers to foreign ownership of banks. After these upheavals, policymakers who were worried about their political survival—and who were sometimes pressed by the IMF and foreign governments—reshaped the regulatory environment in key emerging markets. Self-proclaimed global banks eagerly grasped the opportunity to expand their operations worldwide, but after the initial shock, domestic politics reasserted themselves, often diluting the new, liberal rules.
eBook
Globalization, Brain Drain, and Development
This paper reviews four decades of economics research on the brain drain, with a focus on recent contributions and on development issues. We first assess the magnitude, intensity, and determinants of the brain drain, showing that brain drain (or high-skill) migration is becoming a dominant pattern of international migration and a major aspect of globalization. We then use a stylized growth model to analyze the various channels through which a brain drain affects the sending countries and review the evidence on these channels. The recent empirical literature shows that high-skill emigration need not deplete a country's human capital stock and can generate positive network externalities. Three case studies are also considered: the African medical brain drain, the exodus of European scientists to the United States, and the role of the Indian diaspora in the development of India's information technology sector. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of the analysis for education, immigration, and international taxation policies in a global context.
Journal Article
Global supply chains after COVID-19: the end of the road for neoliberal globalisation?
Purpose>Through its impact on both demand and supply, the outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has profoundly disrupted supply chains throughout the world. The purpose of this paper is to explore the underlying drivers of the supply chain vulnerability exposed by COVID-19 and considers potential future directions for global supply.Design/methodology/approach>This paper adopts a case study approach, reviewing the automotive manufacturing sector in Australia to illustrate how neoliberal globalisation policy settings have shifted large tracts of manufacturing from the global north to the global south.Findings>The authors demonstrate the way that neoliberal globalisation policies, facilitated by certain accounting rhetorics and technologies, have consolidated manufacturing in China and Southeast Asia in ways that embed vulnerabilities in global supply chains. The authors present three scenarios for post-COVID-19 supply chains and the accounting techniques likely to garner stronger attention as a result of the pandemic.Research limitations/implications>The paper illustrates how certain accounting rhetorics and technologies facilitate neoliberal globalisation, embedding supply chain vulnerability that has been exposed by COVID-19. It also suggests how supply chain accounting may develop more robust supply chains in a post-COVID-19 world and sets out an agenda for future research in this area.Practical implications>A number of practical supply chain accounting and planning technologies are suggested to facilitate more robust supply chains.Originality/value>This paper draws attention to the neoliberal globalisation policies that have shaped global supply chains as well as how COVID-19, in concert with other geopolitical trajectories, may represent a watershed moment for global supply chains.
Journal Article
How to Synergize Different Institutional Logics of Firms in Cross-border Acquisitions: A Matching Theory Perspective
When cross-border acquisitions take place, whose institutional logics should dominate the control in the daily operation of the acquired entity – the acquirer or the acquiree? To answer this question, this paper investigates how Geely, a Chinese automaker, successfully acquired Volvo from Sweden, a developed country, and managed the differences in the institutional logics of the two firms by transforming its dominant institutional logic. Through the lens of matching theory, we employ an inductive approach and conduct a longitudinal case study of Geely’s acquisition. We find that matching commercial and social logic is an inevitable requirement to cope with external institutional pressures in cross-border acquisitions. We further reveal that the structured interaction between compatibility and complementarity facilitates the matching process between commercial logic and social logic, resulting in a synergistic logic via the three different mechanisms of compatibility, complementarity, and co-evolution. Our findings challenge previous research that focuses on conflicts as the foremost drivers of the transformation of different institutional logics in organizations. Based on our findings, we develop a matching process model that offers insights for firms from developing economies to navigate dominant institutional logic transformation and thrive in the marketplace through their strategic cross-border acquisitions.
Journal Article