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Global Inequality and American Foreign Policy in the 1970s
In Global Inequality and American
Foreign Policy in the 1970s , Michael
Franczak demonstrates how Third World solidarity around the New
International Economic Order (NIEO) forced US presidents from
Richard Nixon to Ronald Reagan to consolidate American hegemony
over an international economic order under attack abroad and
lacking support at home. The goal of the nations that
supported NIEO was to negotiate a redistribution of money and power
from the global North to the global South. Their weapon was control
over the major commodities-in particular oil-that undergirded the
prosperity of the United States and Europe after World War II.
Using newly available archival sources, as well as interviews
with key administration officials, Franczak reveals how the NIEO
and \"North-South dialogue\" negotiations brought global inequality
to the forefront of US national security. The challenges posed by
NIEO became an inflection point for some of the greatest economic,
political, and moral crises of 1970s America, including the end of
golden age liberalism and the return of the market, the splintering
of the Democratic Party and the building of the Reagan coalition,
and the rise of human rights in US foreign policy in the wake of
the Vietnam War. The policy debates and decisions toward the NIEO
were pivotal moments in the histories of three ideological
trends-neoliberalism, neoconservatism, and human rights-that formed
the core of America's post-Cold War foreign policy.
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