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The Golan Heights
Presenting the settlement landscape of the Golan before and after June 1967, The Golan Heights deals with the issue of the border between Israel and Syria, and with the Israeli settlement process in the area following the Six Day War.
The story of the Golan Heights and its position between Syria and Israel does not belong only to the past; it is still interwoven in the political present of the two countries. Public discourse in Israel on the political future of the Golan, and the direct and indirect political discussions between Israel and Syria, rest to a great extent on personal and collective memories, and these, by nature, are based on the past. The perceptions of the Israeli public were constructed upon the image of a mountain that became a monster. This image reached its peak on the eve of the Six Day War in June 1967, but continued to be consolidated and preserved in the Israeli collective memory, and so it has remained until the present.
Addressing the question of the political future of the Golan, a central issue for both Israel and the wider Middle East, this book will be an invaluable resource for students and scholars of Political History, Settlement Geography and Geopolitics.
Dr. Yigal Kipnis teaches International Relations at Haifa University. He received a BS in Civil Engineering from the Technion in Haifa and an MA and PhD in Land of Israel Studies from Haifa University. His first book, The Mountain That Was as a Monster: The Golan Between Syria and Israel, was published in 2009. His second book, 1973: The Way to War, published in 2012, immediately became a bestseller. It reveals the continuing political process which led to the Middle East war of October 1973.
eBook
Cursed victory : Israel and the Occupied Territories : a history
\"In a move that would forever alter the map of the Middle East, Israel captured the West Bank, Golan Heights, Gaza Strip, and Sinai Peninsula in 1967's brief but pivotal Six Day War. Cursed Victory is the first complete history of the war's troubled aftermath--a military occupation of the Palestinian territories that is now well into its fifth decade. Drawing on unprecedented access to high-level sources, top-secret memos and never-before-published letters, the book provides a gripping and unvarnished chronicle of how what Israel promised would be an 'enlightened occupation' quickly turned sour, and the anguished diplomatic attempts to bring it to an end. Bregman sheds fresh light on critical moments in the peace process, taking us behind the scenes as decisions about the fate of the territories were made, and more often, as crucial opportunities to resolve the conflict were missed. As the narrative moves from Jerusalem to New York, Oslo to Beirut, and from the late 1960s to the present day, Cursed Victory provides vivid portraits of the key players in this unfolding drama, including Moshe Dayan, King Hussein of Jordan, Bill Clinton, and Yasser Arafat. Yet Bregman always reminds us how diplomatic and back-room negotiations affected the daily lives of millions of Arabs, and how the Palestinian resistance, especially during the first and second intifadas, and now in recent tragic developments, have shaped the political arena.\"--Publisher's website.
Book
“Operation Good Neighbor”—Israel and the Rise and Fall of the “Southern Syria Region” (SSR)
The article examines the strategic calculations, assessments and dynamics behind Israel's decision to establish the so called “Southern Syria Region” (SSR) as an undeclared security zone on the Syrian Golan Heights with the outbreak of the Syrian Civil War. The article likewise considers Israel's policy vis-à-vis various rebel groups and other actors in the SSR and ultimately, what led Israel to end its intervention once the Syrian army returned to the area.
Journal Article
Gamla III
Gamla III: The Shmarya Gutmann Excavations 1976- 1988, Small Finds and Studies Part 2.
eBook
Gamla III
Gamla III: The Shmarya Gutmann Excavations 1976- 1988, Small Finds and Studies Part 2
eBook
BAALS OF BASHAN
This essay argues that the phrase \"Bulls of Bashan\" is not about famous cattle but about cultic practice. Although this has been suggested before, this essay uses archaeology and climatology to show ancient Golan was no place for raising cattle. Cet essai fait valoir que l'expression « Taureaux de Basan » ne concerne pas les célèbres bovins mais des pratiques rituelles. Bien que cela ait été suggéré auparavant, cet essai utilise archéologie et climatologie pour montrer que le Golan antique n'était pas un endroit pour l'élevage du bétail.
Journal Article
Miocene to sub-Recent magmatism at the intersection between the Dead Sea Transform and the Ash Shaam volcanic field: evidence from the Yarmouk River gorge and vicinity
The Yarmouk River gorge extends along the Israel–Jordan–Syria border junction. It marks the southern bound of the Irbid–Azraq rift and Harrat Ash Shaam volcanic field at their intersection with the younger Dead Sea Transform plate boundary. During the last ∼13 Ma, the gorge has repeatedly accumulated basaltic units, chronologically named the Lower, Cover, Yarmouk and Raqqad Basalt formations. We examined their origin and distribution through aerial photos, and geological and geophysical evidence. Our results define a southern Golan magmatic province, which includes exposed Miocene (∼13 Ma) basalts, gabbro–diabase intrusions below the gorge and the adjacent Dead Sea Transform valley, and numerous Pliocene–Pleistocene volcanic sources along the gorge. Cover Basalt (∼5.0–4.3 Ma) eruptions formed two adjacent 0–100 m thick plateaus on the transform shoulder before flowing downslope to fill the topographically lower Dead Sea Transform valley with ∼700 m thick basalts. Later incision of the Yarmouk River and displacement along its associated fault divided the plateaus and formed the gorge. The younger Yarmouk (0.8–0.6 Ma) and Raqqad (0.2–0.1 Ma) basalts erupted in the upper part of the gorge from volcanos reported here, and flowed downstream toward the Dead Sea Transform valley. Consequently, eruptions from six phreatic volcanic vents altered the Yarmouk River morphology from sinuous to meandering. Our results associate the ∼13 Ma long southern Golan volcanism with the proposed SW-trending extensional Yarmouk Fault, located east of the Dead Sea Transform. Hence, the Yarmouk volcanism is associated with the ongoing Harrat Ash Shaam activity, which is not directly linked to the displacement along the Dead Sea Transform.
Journal Article
Present and paleo-hydrogeological reconstruction of a complex deep groundwater system in a tectonically active region (Golan Heights, Middle East)
The geochemical and isotopic composition of deep groundwater in sedimentary aquitards reveals a complex paleo-hydrological system affected by intensive tectonic activity. Water samples collected from deep research boreholes in the Golan Heights (Middle East) exhibit a unique combination of high salinity (>2,000 mg/L Cl) with low Na/Cl (<0.7) and Mg/Ca (<0.3) equivalent ratios, calcium chloride water type [Ca > (HCO3 + SO4)], relatively low δ18OVSMOW and δ2HVSMOW values (–7 and –42‰, respectively), and enriched 87Sr/86Sr ratios compared to the host rocks. The salinity source is related to ancient lagoonary hypersaline brines (10–5 Ma) that existed along the Dead Sea Rift (DSR). These brines intruded into the rocks surrounding the DSR and, based on the current study, also extended away from the rift. Following their subsurface intrusion, the brines have been gradually diluted by 18O- and 2H-depleted freshwater recharged at high elevations, nowadays leaving only traces of the brines that originally intruded. It is also shown that variable hydraulic conductivities in different formations control the dilution rates and subsequently the preservation of the entrapped brines. A paleo-hydrological reconstruction is provided to demonstrate intrusion and backflow dynamics and also the relationship to freshwater dilution, which was triggered by a tectonically active basin of the nearby continental DSR. Brines that initially migrated from the rift have since been gradually flushed back to the rift through the current natural outlets. As the system discharges, it mixes and converges with a separate hydrogeological system, while still preserving some of the geochemical signals of the ancient brines.
Journal Article
Chalk-Stone Vessels in the Southern Golan
It has long been accepted in archaeological research that chalk (soft limestone) vessels provide evidence of the Jewish ethnic identity of a site’s population. The use of these vessels has been dated mainly from the Early Roman period through the Bar-Kokhba Revolt. During several decades of archaeological surveys and excavations in the southern Golan, virtually no evidence of chalk vessels had been found, even though literary sources and the Reḥov inscription attest to the presence of Jewish communities in this region in the Roman period. In a systematic survey of sites in the southern Golan with Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine remains, we recovered over 200 fragments of chalk-stone vessels from 12 sites. In a test excavation at one of these sites, evidence of chalk-stone vessel production was found, including scores of stone cores remaining from the manufacturing process. This is the first such workshop to be found in the Golan and the only one discovered beyond Judaea and the Galilee.
Journal Article