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"Golding, William (1911-1993)"
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In Memoriam: Virginia Tiger: 1940–2019
A frequent contributor to the Doris Lessing Newsletter and Doris Lessing Studies, Tiger also frequently contributed to collections of essays on Lessing's works, and participated regularly as a member and officer of the Board of Directors of the Doris Lessing Society. A regular at the Doris Lessing Society business meetings, she was always a welcome presence: eloquent, forceful, feisty, and always the best-dressed person in the room. Doris Lessing: Interrogating the Times, edited by Debrah Raschke et al., Ohio State UP, 2010, pp. 133-48.
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Elements of Machiavenialism and Situationism in William Golding’s Lord of the Flies
This essay examines the nature of man within the scope of situational philosophy. It explores the writing of William Golding to subvert intellectual error on racism. Besides, it challenges any claim to absolute moral refinement since existential situation set the stage for the unfolding of man. The radical transformation of Jack Merridew and the situational response of Ralph are used as philosophical base to explain the dynamism of man in the face of changing situation. However, the analysis of some scholars on the black race reveals a fundamental philosophy that misses many fundamental points. This paper therefore advocates an incursion into appropriate political framework and dismissal of race based supremacist philosophy.
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Martin Amis and the Changing of the Guard
A new generation was in town, and ten years later the editor of Granta, Bill Buford, wrote about them as follows: I'm convinced that had it been organized even three years before, it would have flopped: there was too little to promote. ... In January of 1980, the beginning of the decade, I read a short story that was good, but, for reasons that must have been persuasive at the time, not good enough to publish, although apparently good enough for me to want to contact the writer and urge hm to send us something else, resulting in a series of phone calls - to Norwich, London, Guildford - until finally I reached an unknown Kazuo Ishiguro in a bed-st in Cardiff; the pay-phone was in the hall. Midnight's Children sold over one million copies in the UK alone and not only won the 1981 Booker Prize but was awarded the 'Booker of Bookers\" Prize in 1993 and 2008 to celebrate the 25\" and 40\" anniversaries of the Booker Prize. In his Introduction to the Penguin edition of Augie March in 2001, Hitchens quotes his friend Amis, who had written in 1987, soon after Money appeared, \"for all its marvels, Augie March, like Henderson the Rain King, often resembles a lecture on destiny fed through a thesaurus of low-life patois.\"
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The Group-Fantasy Origins of Segregation and the Superman, or How I Got into Harvard, Class of 1965
Individuals or groups targeted for sacrifice function as poison containers for the split-off emotions of the privileged, i.e., White males who tout patriarchal prerogatives and racial superiority as justification. Like nothing in over a century, the past five years have demonstrated the fragility of American democracy and the importance of We the People as author and director of the collectivity's efforts toward a more perfect union. Since the founding, the answer has been, White males, and as Daniel W. Drezner of the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy has noted, our Trumpian experience has elucidated nothing if not the ways in which the United States has stacked the deck against minorities.3 We have begun to talk about systems rather than individuals--about White privilege and White patriarchy-the notion that White people and especially White males have benefitted in American history at the expense of minorities.4 To improve our imperfect union, psychohistory prescribes empathy and introspection as a means for comprehending problems and a pathway to working toward solutions.5 With these concerns in mind, and taking into account New York Times columnist Ezra Klein's suggestion that many of America's success stories \"didn't come from merit alone,'\"11 set out to understand and explain how privilege worked in the most consequential career event of my life, when I was admitted to Harvard University.7 Since educational opportunity is a primary mechanism of upward mobility,8 such an approach seemed a particularly apposite focal point to examine how privilege was accorded at a critical juncture to a White male. The goal of the project was to connect the psychohistorian-to-be to the history in which he was embedded, to use psychohistory to demonstrate how social laws and norms-premised on group-fantasies-shaped social reality to benefit a particular White male, while denying opportunity to African Americans.9 The goal is to illuminate the macrocosm by contrasting it to the microcosm. The segregated way of life in Gadsden was decades old, originally constructed by Jim Crow laws which were passed just before the end of Reconstruction-doubtless using the Bible as the justification.27 In 1875, Article I, Section 33, of the Constitution of Alabama provided \"separate schools 'for children of African descent.
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A Discussion of Aristotelianism and Machiavellianism in William Golding’s Lord of the Flies as a Children’s Dystopic Novel
The present article analyses the representation of the political regimes in William Golding’s children’s dystopic novel, “Lord of the Flies”. Therefore, it, first of all, underlines the dystopian nature of the novel along with the features of plot, setting, characters and content to facilitate the reader to grasp the warning against totalitarianism throughout the novel. The study finds Aristotelian and Machiavellian philosophies of politics as highly convenient approaches to examine the political endeavours of the boys in the novel. As the key intention is to interrogate to what extent they fail or succeed in following the Aristotelianism and Machiavellianism, the paper presents a detailed comparative analysis of two separate philosophies to reveal their weaknesses and strengths in controlling people. The article then affirms that the order, set up through Aristotelianism, necessitates the repression of the evil, which is considerably tough for a ruler while the evil empowers Machiavellian totalitarians who turn citizens’ lives into a nightmare.
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Envisioning a ‘good’ utopia on a dystopian island: culinary and cultural conflicts in Lord of the Flies
Thanks to the rising interest in island literary studies, there is a considerable body of research on the relationship between islands and utopia/dystopia, but the motif of food, namely, what characters eat on an island, has seldom been explored. Using Terry Eagleton and Frederic Jameson’s theories on utopia and dystopia as an interpretive lens, and drawing upon the varied contentions regarding food and eating by Levi-Strauss, Paul Atkinson, Carol J. Adams and other theorists, this paper examines the triangular relationship of island, food, and utopia/dystopia in William Golding’s Lord of the Flies. The paper argues that although this island story is generally categorized as dystopian, it blends both utopian and dystopian discourses and represents a literary endeavour to envision a ‘good’ utopia. This argument is supported by a detailed analysis of how the eating practices of the British schoolboys marooned on a desert island parallel their attempts to construct a desirable microcosm. By vividly depicting the boys’ contrasting culinary patterns of gathering fruit and hunting pigs, Golding subverts the hierarchy built upon the opposition between the raw/vegetable and the cooked/meat and their corresponding implications of ‘the barbarous’ and ‘the civilized.’ His further depictions of the boys’ cannibalism and degeneration into savages showcase his vision of human beings’ universal evil, his doubt about the linear progress of Western society, and his caution about the potential disasters that might befall seemingly progressive civilization due to the fall of mankind.
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The Symbolic Representation of Evil and Good in William Golding’s Lord of the Flies
This Study sheds a new light on William Golding’s view of evil and good in Lord of the Flies. For many writers, critics and theorists, evil is a societal construct, while good is an internal one. Both are structured by external factors. William Golding, however, believes that man has an inherent potential for evil and that it cannot by any means be a cultural product as has long been thought. Man’s potential for good, on the other hand, is dictated by law, common sense, culture and from the fact that man’s social engagement with others is inevitable. In Lord of the Flies, Golding seeks to give answers to the philosophical questions: Can man live a lone? Can there be a life in the absence of law and order? What would become of people should there be no society or civilization? Golding’s central argument centers on critiquing the inherent potential of man’s capacity for evil in the absence of law and order. In this study, there will be an examination of Golding’s pessimistic view of good and evil in light of the modern literary definition of these polarities.
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