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The Oxford Gothic grammar
This volume provides a comprehensive reference grammar of Gothic, the earliest attested language of the Germanic family (apart from runic inscriptions), dating to the fourth century. The bulk of the extant Gothic corpus is a translation of the Bible, of which only a portion remains, and which has been the focus of most previous works. This book is the first in English to also draw on the recently discovered Bologna fragment and Crimean graffiti, original Gothic texts that provide more insights into the language. Following an overview of the history of the Goths and the origin of the Gothic language, Gary Miller explores all the major topics in Gothic grammar, beginning with the alphabet and phonology, and proceeding through subjects such as case functions, prepositions and particles, compounding, derivation, and verbal and sentential syntax. He also presents a selection of Gothic texts with notes and vocabulary, and ends with a chapter on linearization, including an overview of Gothic in its Germanic context. The Oxford Gothic Grammar will be an invaluable reference for all Indo-Europeanists, Germanic scholars, and historical linguists, from advanced undergraduate level upwards.
Book
The Gothic Version of the Gospels and Pauline Epistles
The Gothic version of the New Testament is the oldest extant writing in a Germanic language and one of the earliest translations from the Greek. This volume offers a re-examination of fundamental questions concerning the historical and cultural context in which the version was prepared, the codicology of the manuscripts, and the value of the Gothic text for the reconstruction of the underlying Greek, together with a history of text-critical research and a new evaluation of the significance of the Gothic text in the light of current New Testament textual criticism.
eBook
The Gothic Resultative
Katz uses the model of the resultative, an event type linking a transition and resulting state, to underpin the development of two non-agentive verb types in Gothic, the first an inchoative verb and the second a passive periphrasis.
eBook
Investigation of the origin of the Old Norse or Icelandic Language: New edition of the 1993 English translation
Constitutes a reprint of Niels Ege's English translation of Rasmus Rask's prize essay of 1818, which appeared as volume XXVI in the Travaux du Cercle Linguistique de Copenhague in 1993.
eBook
The Sounds and Phonemes of Wulfila's Gothic
No detailed description available for \"The Sounds and Phonemes of Wulfila's Gothic\".
eBook
‘A Thing Like God’: Re-Reading Gothic Philippians 2.6–8
The Gothic translation of Phil 2.6–8 differs from the Greek in three ways: it says that Christ did not think it robbery to be ‘like God’; it breaks the parallelism between the ‘form of God’ and ‘form of a slave’; and it states explicitly that Christ was obedient ‘to the Father’. Scholars have focused exclusively on the first element, crediting it to the Homoian ‘Arian’ prejudices of the translator, Wulfila, or to his opposition to modalist tendencies in pro-Nicene thought of the 340s. Neither interpretation is satisfactory, the first because the Gothic displays no generalised Homoian bias, the second on philological grounds. When the passage is viewed as a whole, an explanation can be found in the history of exegesis. Homoian churchmen, who followed a theology close to the elderly Wulfila’s, seem to have construed ἁρπαγμός (Gothic wulwa, English ‘robbery’) as res rapienda, in the typology developed by N.T. Wright. Christ did not ‘seize’ equality with God. Incompatible with this view, the Gothic is a better fit for res retinenda (Christ did not ‘hold fast’ his divine status). In an ancient analogue to modern ‘functional equivalence’, it is representing the meaning of the text, as agreed among Greek exegetes, on the translation’s surface. Just why Wulfila did this remains obscure: certainly to clarify the passage’s Christology, but possibly also to head off misinterpretation in his Gothic context. Either way, the Gothic text shows a more flexible approach to translation than scholarship, still focused on stereotyped ‘Arianism’ and lexical equivalence, has yet recognised.
Journal Article
Embodied Voices: Ekphrasis of Incarnation in Pérez Galdós’ Doña Perfecta and Ana Galdós’ El abra del Yumurí
In this essay I offer a comparative analysis of two works, one from nineteenth century Spain, Benito Pérez Galdós’ Doña Perfecta; and the second from twentieth-century Cuba, Ana Galdós’ El abra del Yumurí. This piece moves from the stark realism tinged with gothic elements of the first to the more nuanced realism of the second, as it is suffused with the magic of America. We will seek to understand the Latin (Cuban) voice that seeks inspiration both in America and in Spain. With Benito Pérez Galdós and Ana Galdós we come to view ekphrasis of incarnation as a process that actualizes art and words, making them monuments of flesh as they intrude into each other, our dreams and our worlds. From Pérez Galdós, the Cuban writer takes the love and knowledge of art, the uses of contrastive oppositions, the tragedy that emerges from lack of reconciliation, and the gothic nature of ignorance. Ana Galdós, also with a deep knowledge of art, creates a new world where the gothic is seen in nature’s beauty; where woman rather than man seeks to bring light; and where the tragic may be attenuated by the marvel of an ekphrasis of incarnation. [Article copies available for a fee from The Transformative Studies Institute. E-mail address: journal@transformativestudies.org Website: http://www.transformativestudies.org ©2026 by The Transformative Studies Institute. All rights reserved.]
Journal Article
On the etymology of Latin signum and its Sabellic counterparts
The etymology of Latin
‘mark, sign’ and its Sabellic cognates such as Oscan
‘statue’ has long been disputed. I reevaluate the two main hypotheses as to what verbal root of Proto-Indo-European underlies these forms: *
- ‘cut’ (Lat.
) or *
- ‘follow’ (Lat.
). The former, though well received among scholars, will turn out to be problematic from a phonological standpoint; while the syncope of the vocalized laryngeal in the putative reconstruction *
- and the subsequent voicing assimilation of *
before
could account for Latin
, the same explanation is not applicable to the Sabellic data due to the forms like Oscan
‘year’ with a voiceless velar. The reconstruction *
- thus enables us to pursue a unitary treatment for both Latin and Sabellic. Furthermore, I argue that the wide range of semantics of
can be better explained by *
-. As the Germanic derivative *
- shows (e.g., Gothic
‘sight, appearance’), the underlying notion ‘follow’ of the verbal root is used as not only ‘physically follow’ but also ‘visually follow’; this binary value is sufficiently broad to encompass the various senses of our ‘sign’ words.
Journal Article