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Federalism in action : the devolution of Canada's public employment service, 1995-2015
\"Every developed country has a public employment service that connects job seekers with employers through information, placement, and training support services. In Federalism in Action, Donna E. Wood assesses how Canada's public employment service is performing after responsibility was transferred from the federal government to provinces, territories, and Aboriginal organizations between 1995 and 2015. Drawing upon over twenty years of data, Wood reveals the governance choices provinces made, the reasons behind these choices, and the outcomes they achieved. Provincial decisions regarding employment programming is an important public policy issue about which little is known, and even less understood within the context of Aboriginal communities. Federalism in Action includes analytical comparisons of Canada's employment programming with the United States, Australia, and the European Union, as well as information from insightful interviews with key informants from every province. In firmly placing Canada within the extensive international literature on the governance of welfare-to-work policies, this book makes an important new contribution to research.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Why Are Some Population Interventions for Diet and Obesity More Equitable and Effective Than Others? The Role of Individual Agency
Funding for CEDAR from the British Heart Foundation, Cancer Research UK, Economic and Social Research Council, Medical Research Council, the National Institute for Health Research, and the Wellcome Trust, under the auspices of the UK Clinical Research Collaboration, is gratefully acknowledged. [...]together with physical inactivity, dietary risk factors are responsible for 10% of disability-adjusted life years lost globally [2].
Journal Article
From Disaster Response to Community Recovery: Nongovernmental Entities, Government, and Public Health
In this article, we examine the role of nongovernmental entities (NGEs; nonprofits, religious groups, and businesses) in disaster response and recovery. Although media reports and the existing scholarly literature focus heavily on the role of governments, NGEs provide critical services related to public safety and public health after disasters. NGEs are crucial because of their ability to quickly provide services, their flexibility, and their unique capacity to reach marginalized populations. To examine the role of NGEs, we surveyed 115 NGEs engaged in disaster response. We also conducted extensive field work, completing 44 hours of semistructured interviews with staff from NGEs and government agencies in postdisaster areas in Texas, Florida, Puerto Rico, Northern California, and Southern California. Finally, we compiled quantitative data on the distribution of nonprofit organizations. We found that, in addition to high levels of variation in NGE resources across counties, NGEs face serious coordination and service delivery problems. Federal funding for expanding the capacity of local Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster groups, we suggest, would help NGEs and government to coordinate response efforts and ensure that recoveries better address underlying social and economic vulnerabilities.
Journal Article
President Biden outlines plans for Cancer Moonshot 2.0
The announcement follows Biden's proposal, in 2021, for a new biomedical research agency to be established within the National Institutes of Health—the Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health—which would be tasked with developing biomedical breakthroughs for the prevention, detection, and treatment of diseases such as Alzheimer's, diabetes, and cancer. At a projected cost of $6·5 billion, this agency would represent the largest investment in scientific research by the US Government in decades and signals the willingness of the current administration to spend large sums on the future of health care. Exactly how the relaunch of Cancer Moonshot will be funded is not yet clear, and people have called on President Biden to outline concrete funding plans in his State of the Union address on March 1, 2022.
Journal Article
‘Open for business’: risk-taking US health agency ready to spend $2.5-billion budget
One year after the launch of ARPA-H,
Nature
talks to director Renee Wegrzyn about her vision for the agency.
Risk-taking US health agency ready to spend $2.5-billion budget
One year after the launch of ARPA-H, Nature talks to director Renee Wegrzyn about her vision for the agency.
Credit: Josh Reynolds/AP/Shutterstock
A smiling Dr. Renee Wegrzyn speaks to guests at the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, in Boston
Journal Article
Unmasking the impunity of illegal deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon: a call for enforcement and accountability
Amazon deforestation has been growing since 2012 and more recently under record rates. In fact, a new wave of rainforest destruction is on, challenging environmental agencies and policymakers. Political negligence has boosted deforestation in the Amazon, when coupled with deforestation drives that we already know about, as well as exempting environmental offenders and clearing the way to major infrastructure projects, in addition to weakening environmental agencies and command and control policies. In this letter, we share perspectives on the dynamics of deforestation alerts in the Brazilian Amazon and the action of public enforcement agencies, to draw attention to the urgency of supporting these entities for resuming the fight against deforestation. Our results reveal the few enforcement actions on deforestation alerts (1.3%) by the major environmental agency from the federal government. When compared with state government agencies, our in-depth case study showed a higher number of enforcement actions, promoting accountability for illegal deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. It is evident that budget cuts for federal environmental agencies and changes in enforcement procedures have jeopardized actions to combat illegal deforestation. Our analysis calls for federal agencies to resume their powers, and for state agencies to recognize their role in environmental reinforcement and assigning liability. In the end, we list five key factors for reestablishing enforcement actions by public agencies for fighting deforestation and improving dissuasive effects.
Journal Article