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Graphene-Based Carbocatalysts
This book informs readers about recent advances in graphene carbocatalysis encapsulating the current developments in the syntheses, properties, characterizations, functionalization, and catalytic applications of graphene, its derivatives, and composites. It serves as a comprehensive primary reference book for chemistry and engineering students who are required to learn about graphene chemistry in detail. It also serves as an introductory reference for industry professionals and researchers who are interested in graphene research as well as its emerging applications in catalysis and beyond. Volume 2 presents information about the industrial applications of graphene-based materials. It starts with graphene-based photocatalysis and progresses into the electrochemical applications of related materials. Highlighted applications in this domain include the use of graphene for hydrogen production and in electrodes for electrochemical sensors. It also covers developments in graphene-based smart energy materials. The final chapter of the volume summarizes the future of graphene-based material technology.
eBook
Graphene photonics
Graphene is a single-layer crystal of carbon, the thinnest two-dimensional material. It has unique electronic and photonic properties.
Book
Prediction of Intriguing Valley Properties in Two-Dimensional Hfsub.2TeIX Monolayers
The valley degree of freedom, as a new information carrier, is important for basic physical research and the development of advanced devices. Herein, using first-principle calculations, we predict that two-dimensional Hf[sub.2]TeIX (X = I, Br) monolayers harbor intriguing valley properties. Without considering spin–orbit coupling (SOC), the Hf[sub.2]TeI[sub.2] monolayer has a semi-metallic nature, with Dirac cones located at the high-symmetry point K, and feature, with considerable Fermi velocity. When the SOC is taken into account, a band gap opening of 271 meV can be observed at the Dirac cones. More interestingly, the Hf[sub.2]TeIBr monolayer exhibits intrinsic spatial inversion symmetry breaking, which leads to the emergence of valley-contrasting physics under SOC. This is demonstrated by the presence of spin–valley splitting and opposite Berry curvature at adjacent K points. Besides, the spin–valley splitting, the band gap and magnitude of the Berry curvature of the Hf[sub.2]TeIBr monolayer can be effectively tuned by strain engineering. These findings contribute significantly to the design of valleytronic devices and extend opportunities for exploring two-dimensional valley materials.
Journal Article
Recent Advances in Graphene-Based Humidity Sensors
Humidity sensors are a common, but important type of sensors in our daily life and industrial processing. Graphene and graphene-based materials have shown great potential for detecting humidity due to their ultrahigh specific surface areas, extremely high electron mobility at room temperature, and low electrical noise due to the quality of its crystal lattice and its very high electrical conductivity. However, there are still no specific reviews on the progresses of graphene-based humidity sensors. This review focuses on the recent advances in graphene-based humidity sensors, starting from an introduction on the preparation and properties of graphene materials and the sensing mechanisms of seven types of commonly studied graphene-based humidity sensors, and mainly summarizes the recent advances in the preparation and performance of humidity sensors based on pristine graphene, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene quantum dots, and a wide variety of graphene based composite materials, including chemical modification, polymer, metal, metal oxide, and other 2D materials. The remaining challenges along with future trends in high-performance graphene-based humidity sensors are also discussed.
Journal Article
Graphene/BiVO.sub.4/TiO.sub.2 nanocomposite: tuning band gap energies for superior photocatalytic activity under visible light
A facile, ultrasonic wave-assisted one pot hydrothermal method has been developed to fabricate reduced graphene oxide/bismuth vanadate/titanium oxide (RGO/BiVO.sub.4/TiO.sub.2) ternary nanocomposites. By utilizing graphene oxide (GO) as multifunctional structure, RGO/BiVO.sub.4/TiO.sub.2 (GBT) with diverse percentage composition possessing varying band gap energies is obtained. XRD and Raman spectroscopy evince formation of tetragonal and monoclinic phases of BiVO.sub.4. The band gap energies of the components of the composite were determined by applying modified Kubelka-Munk function on UV-Vis DRS data. Tuning of band gap energy of the BiVO.sub.4 and TiO.sub.2 were simultaneously achieved by modifying the concentrations of GO and TiO.sub.2 during synthesis. The GBT exhibited enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible light irradiation. The relative photocatalytic activity rates of the composites in GBT series are in agreement with the photoluminescence data. The mechanism behind the activity suggests GO acting as an electron trapper and TiO.sub.2 behaving as an efficient mediating co-catalyst. The band gap energy tuning led to reduction in time needed for complete MB degradation from 40 min with RGO/BiVO.sub.4 to 10 min with the ternary composite GBT. It is expected that the work would encourage new vistas to engineer different combinations of graphene based ternary composites which might lead to potential applications guided by band gap tuning.
Journal Article
Graphene-based composites for biomedical applications
Over the last decade, the superior properties of graphene have contributed to intensive studies on the fabrication and applications of graphene nanocomposites. Ex-situ homologous recombination and recombination techniques were listed. Because of their remarkable features, including thermal conductivity and high-specific area, graphene and its derivatives have a significant prospective for medical and biological applications, including drug delivery and bio-imaging. The usage of graphene-based nanomaterials is a hot topic in medicinal research. Many research studies have been performed on graphene-based composites, but only a few reviews have been published regarding their applications in the biomedical field and potential risk factors associated with human well-being and the environment. Hence, this review paper aims to provide in-depth information on ongoing knowledge and results about the properties of graphene-based composites. The discovery, developmental methods, structural properties, and synthesis of graphene nanomaterials have been discussed. After a brief description of the most common methods used for fabricating or extracting graphene derivatives, the main steps of graphene-based composite preparation are introduced. Applications of graphene-based composites in drug delivery, medical, and biomedical fields have been addressed. Finally, the future perspectives and challenges associated with the applications of graphene-based composites have been summarized.
Highlights
Compositions and characteristics of nanocomposite materials reinforced with graphene, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, and modified graphene.
The synthesis method of graphene and the manufacturing of graphene-based composites.
Latest developments in graphene-based composites for biomedical applications.
Consequences of the large-scale production of graphene-based composites.
Journal Article