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Merchants, bankers, governors : British enterprise in Singapore and Malaya, 1786-1920
\"This is the story of British enterprise in Singapore and Malaya from 1786 to 1920, when British vision, zeal and drive developed Penang, then Singapore and, finally, the peninsular Malay States. In the initial years, commerce and finance were paramount. The seeds of these commercial activities had been planted initially in the days of the East India Company but later, and more importantly, by individual merchant firms, supported by credit from London. These merchants were the driving force of British investment and development on the Malay Peninsula. While the contributions of the Malays, Indians and, especially, the Chinese to economic development should not be under-rated, in the period under review, their activities were steered and monitored by the British. This book presents an original and coherent account of British Enterprise in Singapore and Malaya in an important historical period and includes substantial new material from primary records of merchant firms and banks\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Trading with the Enemy
A ground-breaking account of British and French efforts to
channel their eighteenth-century geopolitical rivalry into peaceful
commercial competition Britain and France waged war eight
times in the century following the Glorious Revolution, a mutual
antagonism long regarded as a \"Second Hundred Years' War.\" Yet
officials on both sides also initiated ententes, free trade
schemes, and colonial bargains intended to avert future conflict.
What drove this quest for a more peaceful order? In this highly
original account, John Shovlin reveals the extent to which Britain
and France sought to divert their rivalry away from war and into
commercial competition. The two powers worked to end future
conflict over trade in Spanish America, the Caribbean, and India,
and imagined forms of empire-building that would be more
collaborative than competitive. They negotiated to cut
cross-channel tariffs, recognizing that free trade could foster
national power while muting enmity. This account shows that
eighteenth-century capitalism drove not only repeated wars and
overseas imperialism but spurred political leaders to strive for
global stability.
eBook
The British Courts and Extra-territoriality in Japan, 1859–1899
In The British Courts and Extra-territoriality in Japan, 1859-1899, Christopher Roberts considers the nature of the British extra-territorial regime in Japan in the nineteenth century before demonstrating that earlier complaints about institutional bias in the system are overstated.
eBook
Barbarous Antiquity
In the late sixteenth century, English merchants and diplomats ventured into the eastern Mediterranean to trade directly with the Turks, the keepers of an important emerging empire in the Western Hemisphere, and these initial exchanges had a profound effect on English literature. While the theater investigated representations of religious and ethnic identity in its portrayals of Turks and Muslims, poetry, Miriam Jacobson argues, explored East-West exchanges primarily through language and the material text. Just as English markets were flooded with exotic goods, so was the English language awash in freshly imported words describing items such as sugar, jewels, plants, spices, paints, and dyes, as well as technological advancements such as the use of Arabic numerals in arithmetic and the concept of zero.Even as these Eastern words and imports found their way into English poetry, poets wrestled with paying homage to classical authors and styles. In Barbarous Antiquity, Jacobson reveals how poems adapted from Latin or Greek sources and set in the ancient classical world were now reoriented to reflect a contemporary, mercantile Ottoman landscape. As Renaissance English writers including Shakespeare, Jonson, Marlowe, and Chapman weighed their reliance on classical poetic models against contemporary cultural exchanges, a new form of poetry developed, positioned at the crossroads of East and West, ancient and modern. Building each chapter around the intersection of an Eastern import and a classical model, Jacobson shows how Renaissance English poetry not only reconstructed the classical past but offered a critique of that very enterprise with a new set of words and metaphors imported from the East.
eBook
The temptations of trade : Britain, Spain and the struggle for empire
The British and the Spanish had long been in conflict, often clashing over politics, trade, and religion. But in the early decades of the eighteenth century, these empires signed an asiento agreement granting the British South Sea Company a monopoly on the slave trade in the Spanish Atlantic, opening up a world of uneasy collaboration. British agents of the Company moved to cities in the Caribbean and West Indies, where they braved the unforgiving tropical climate and hostile religious environment in order to trade slaves, manufactured goods, and contraband with Spanish colonists. In the process, British merchants developed relationships with the Spanish--both professional and, at times, personal. The Temptations of Trade traces the development of these complicated relationships in the context of the centuries-long imperial rivalry between Spain and Britain. Many British Merchants, in developing personal ties to the Spanish, were able to collect potentially damaging information about Spanish imperial trade, military defenses, and internal conflict. British agents juggled personal friendships with national affiliation--and, at the same time, developed a network of illicit trade, contraband, and piracy extending beyond the legal reach of the British South Sea Company and often at the Company's direct expense. Ultimately, the very smuggling through which these empires unwittingly supported each other led to the resumption of Anglo-Spanish conflict, as both empires cracked down on the actions of traders within the colonies. The Temptations of Trade reveals the difficulties of colonizing regions far from strict imperial control, where the actions of individuals could both connect empires and drive them to war.
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The Voyage of Sir Henry Middleton to the Moluccas, 1604-1606
A new and enlarged edition, with an Introduction and Notes. For the previous edition, see First Series 19 (1854). The additional material includes an account by Edmund Scott of events at Bantam, 1603-05, and his description of Java. This is a new print-on-demand hardback edition of the volume first published in 1943.
eBook
The commercialisation of English society, 1000-1500
The author argues that the commercial developments of the centuries between 1000 and 1500 are important for understanding social change. The significance of the growth and multiplication of towns and the growing use of money are some of the issues he explores.
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The forgotten majority
The \"forgotten majority\" of German merchants in London between the end of the Hanseatic League and the end of the Napoleonic Wars became the largest mercantile Christian immigrant group in the eighteenth century. Using previously neglected and little used evidence, this book assesses the causes of their migration, the establishment of their businesses in the capital, and the global reach of the enterprises. As the acquisition of British nationality was the admission ticket to Britain's commercial empire, it investigates the commercial function of British naturalization policy in the early modern period, while also considering the risks of failure and chance for a new beginning in a foreign environment. As more German merchants integrated into British commercial society, they contributed to London becoming the leading place of exchange between the European continent, Russia, and the New World.
eBook